Locate and read one or more articles from the list below:

In one of the seminal articles, Von Hippel explains how innovation originates from what he calls the 'lead' users. This article has generated a new stream of thinking and practice on the application of user innovation.

• von Hippel, E. (1986) 'Lead users: a source of novel product concepts.'

This paper uses the case of 3D printing to explain the role of pre-innovation platforms, i.e. digital platforms accessed by many consumers.

• Claussen, J. and Halbinger,M. A. (2020) 'The role of pre-innovation platform activity for diffusion success: Evidence from consumer innovations on a 3D printing platform.'

The one below investigates some of the performance attributes for lean manufacturing.

• Shah, R. and Ward, P. T. (2003) 'Lean manufacturing: context, practice bundles, and performance.'

Finally, the one below explains how processes can be designed in a way that considers the defaults options for customers in a way that both adds value and generates more revenue.

• Goldstein, D. G., et al. (2008) 'Nudge your customers toward better choices.'

You will then need to identify two or three ways through which your own way of managing can be changed based on the findings of the papers. To do this you will need to do the following.

• Provide a brief background of a situation in which you think the key concepts of the paper apply. This description is meant to be brief max two paragraphs (but preferably one).
• Explain how the paper would suggest that you should have dealt with this situation based on the theory, findings and recommendations. Three or four bullet points.
• Post to the making sense of theory discussion board below. You may cut and paste or attach a file directly to the thread.