Logical Architecture Type: Layered $($N$-$Tier$)$ Architecture Layers and Components Presentation Layer User Interface: Web and mobile applications for customer access. Payment Gateway Integration: Online payment options for customers. Tracking Interface: Real$-$time package tracking for customers. Business Logic Layer Order Processing: Handles order placements, modifications, and cancellations. Inventory Management: Tracks stock levels, updates inventory in real$-$time. Routing Optimization: Optimizes delivery routes for cost$-$efficiency and time savings. Flight Scheduling: Manages and optimizes flight schedules and cargo capacities. Data Access Layer Database Management System: Stores and retrieves data from the database. Data Analytics: Analyzes data for demand forecasting and business intelligence. APIs: Interfaces for communication between different system components and third$-$party services. Integration Layer ERP Integration: Integrates with the company's ERP system for seamless data flow. External Services: Connects with airline partners and third$-$party logistics providers. Warehouse Management System $($WMS$)$: Manages stock levels and order fulfillment across multiple warehouses. Security Layer Authentication and Authorization: Ensures secure access to the system. Data Encryption: Protects sensitive data in transit and at rest. Access Control: Manages user roles and permissions. Reliability Layer Load Balancing: Distributes workloads evenly to prevent system overload. Redundancy: Ensures system availability through backup systems. Fault Tolerance: Enables the system to operate in case of component failures. Data Flow and Control Flow Data Input and Output: Customers enter data through the user interface, which is processed by the business logic layer and stored in the database. Process Triggers: Events such as order placements, payment confirmations, and shipment statuses trigger processes within the system Exception Handling: Errors and exceptions are managed through predefined protocols to ensure system stability.