Make a slide for powerpoint for presentation in university on this "Factors Influencing Sustainability in the Past

Technological Advancements

Electric appliances now include energy$-$efficient parts and systems because of technological breakthroughs. Modern insulating materials, more effective motors, and better compressor designs all help appliances like air conditioners, washing machines, and refrigerators use less energy.

i$.$ LED and CFL Lighting Technologies:

With longer lifespans and lower energy consumption, the switch from conventional incandescent light bulbs to more energy$-$efficient LED and CFL technologies has greatly improved the sustainability of lighting solutions $($Mills$,2005).$

ii$.$ Improved Sustainability in Refrigeration Systems with Vapour Compression

The effectiveness of a vapour compression refrigeration system employing an R$134$a$/$LPG refrigerant mixture is being studied by lengthening the capillary tube, which can improve the coefficient of performance $($COP$),$ according to $($Gill & Singh, $2017).$ Because to technical advancements, the capillary tube's length can be adjusted to optimise mass flow balance, which reduces compressor power consumption and increases system efficiency.

iii. Components and Design Improvements

According to $($Ahmad et al$.2018),$ Technological progress in the form of improved materials and designs has been essential in boosting the sustainability of electric appliances. The use of recyclable materials, the implementation of environmentally friendly production procedures, and the application of modular construction methods are all examples of innovations. The overall sustainability of appliances, such as electric stoves, ovens, and washing machines, is greatly enhanced by these innovative measures. The move towards modular designs and eco$-$friendly materials shows a dedication to reducing the impact on the environment and encouraging a more sustainable life cycle for these indispensable home appliances.

iv$.$ Automation and Smart Technologies

As mentioned in $($Shannon $2023),$ We can reduce unnecessary energy use by employing motion sensors and scheduling lights. When lights and appliances are inadvertently left on$,$ remote control via smartphone apps makes sure they are turned off. Custom schedules that match occupancy patterns are created by seamless interaction with other devices, such thermostats. This clever strategy not only increases convenience but also makes a substantial contribution to the overall sustainability of our home."

Standards and Regulations

Energy$-$efficiency standards play a critical role in regulating energy performance, limiting the sale of products that fall below specified efficiency requirements, and impacting the sustainability of electrical equipment. These standards provide precise testing procedures and energy performance target limitations$.$ There are three primary categories of standards: class$-$average standards, which establish average efficiency; minimum energy performance standards $($MEPS$),$ which set minimum efficiency levels; and prescriptive standards, which specify characteristics in new goods. By encouraging energy$-$efficient technologies and impacting the overall environmental effect of electrical equipment, these guidelines direct manufacturers towards sustainable design practices $($Wiel & McMahon, $2005).$

Awareness of Customers

A significant change in consumer consciousness has affected appliance makers' environmental policies. Customers are looking for products with smaller environmental footprints as environmental concerns gain popularity. Because of this, producers are now emphasising and marketing sustainability attributes including eco$-$friendly materials, energy efficiency, and recyclability. Manufacturers are being encouraged to incorporate sustainability into their business strategies via a positive feedback loop created by the demand for environmental responsibility and transparency $($Ayodele et al$.,2018).$

Economic Considerations

The sustainability of household electrical appliances is greatly influenced by economic factors. Energy$-$efficient appliances are becoming more and more popular as consumers become more aware of the long$-$term expenses related to energy use $($Hischier & B$$ni$,2021).$ Often, the potential savings in utility bills over the course of their lifespan justify the greater initial cost of these equipment. The adoption of sustainable options is additionally encouraged by government rebates and incentives. As the market adopts eco$-$friendly practices, producers are motivated to create energy$-$efficient appliances that satisfy consumer demands while also supporting international sustainability objectives."