Planning is the process of and $.$

a$.$ developing premises about the future, evaluating them

b$.$ measuring results, taking corrective action

c$.$ measuring past performance, targeting future performance

d$.$ setting objectives, deciding how to accomplish them

$2.$ The benefits of planning include $.$

a$.$ improved focus

b$.$ lower labour costs

c$.$ more accurate forecasts

d$.$ higher profits

$3.$ In order to help implement its corporate strategy, a business firm would likely develop a plan for the marketing department.

a$.$ functional

b$.$ single$-$use

c$.$ production

d$.$ zero$-$based

$4.$ planning identifies alternative courses of action that can be taken if and when certain situations arise.

a$.$ Zero$-$based

b$.$ Participative

c$.$ Strategic

d$.$ Contingency

$5.$ The first step in the control process is to $.$

a$.$ measure actual performance

b$.$ establish objectives and standards

c$.$ compare results with objectives

d$.$ take corrective action

$6.$ A sexual harassment policy is an example of plans used by organizations.

a$.$ long$-$term

b$.$ single$-$use

c$.$ standing$-$use

d$.$ operational

$7.$ When a manager is asked to justify a new budget proposal on the basis of projected activities rather than past practices, this is an example of budgeting.

a$.$ zero$-$based

b$.$ variable

c$.$ fixed

d$.$ contingency