please answer them and read them very well((mini cases)

Q1)StumbleUpon calls itself a "discovery engine" because, at one time, 50.27% of all traffic from a top 10 list of social sites came from StumbleUpon. Their relatively small group of users (15 million) often out-refers the larger user base from Facebook (over 1.15 billion). In fact, the influential users of StumbleUpon generate 1 billion page referrals per month. Their users, called "Stumblers," introduce other Stumblers and non-users to web content, providing a "map to an adventure you wouldn't otherwise have found out about." The influence of these Stumblers was deemed valuable by film marketers, who worked with StumbleUpon to promote films like Jurassic Park 3D and Evil Dead. Stumblers are young and highly engaged, so studios see the personalized search engine, which "learns" the preferences of its Stumblers, as a way to reach early influencers.

In the STUMBLEUPON MINI CASE, the influencers are expert informal sources of information, also known as ________.

A)salespeople

B)spokespeople

C)buzz agents

D)opinion leaders

Q2)Fast Relief sells a pain killer that is especially effective on relieving headache pain. Under the slogan "If you really want to fix a problem, you have to use the right tools," Fast Relief advertising points out that while its tablets aren't as effective at relieving muscle pain as Cure-All, its leading competitor, clinical trials have shown that Fast Relief is 10 times more effective than Cure-All at relieving headaches. At the beginning of the advertising spot, a woman is shown with her eyes shut tight and her hand pressed against her forehead. Over the course of the ad, the woman's face gradually relaxes and she begins to look relieved and comfortable. Fast Relief also advertises its products by having its tablets used by actors to relieve their headaches during popular television shows.

By pointing out that Fast Relief is not very effective at relieving muscle pain as Cure-All, the company is engaging in ________.

A)deceptive advertising

B)two-sided advertising

C)positive message framing

D)corrective advertising

Q3)Enoil Express is a national car care chain that specializes in providing routine services like oil changes and safety inspections. It advertises nationally, particularly around Eids time, National Day, and New Year's Day. When it runs an advertising blitz to encourage drivers to bring their cars in for a check-up before holiday road trips, Enoil Express's advertisements emphasize the importance of changing a car's oil regularly in order to prevent costly engine failure. Its stores are recognizable from the road by their gray and yellow color schemes. To encourage brand loyalty, Enoil Express offers customers reward cards that customers get stamped every time they get an oil change, and can receive the sixth oil change free after the purchase of the first five. Fast Oil, another chain that offers the same kind of services, paints its stores black and yellow in an effort to appear like Enoil Express stores and benefit from Enoil Express's extensive advertising. Thus many customers who have developed positive perceptions of Enoil Express, note Fast Oil's store color, and mistake Fast Oil stores for Enoil Express stores.

In the above MINI CASE, Enoil Express advertising relies on which of the following elements of instrumental conditioning?

A)punishment

B)negative reinforcement

C)extinction

D)positive reinforcement