please solve first and second question

FOR DISCUSSION 1 Would Jeffrey Pfeffer be likely to call UPS a people-centered company? Why or why not? 2 Which one (or what combination) of the performance appraisal techniques discussed in this chapter is UPS using? Explain. CLOSING CASE How UPS Delivers Objective Performance Appraisals Determining whether a supervisor is using enough objectivity during the employee review is one of the most difficult aspects of any company's employee evaluation process With this in mind, the United Parcel Service (UPS), based in Washington D.C, is deploying personal digital assistants (PDAs) to its supervisors to use in on-road driver evaluations. The PDAs are equipped with proprietary software that standardizes the evaluation process, helping to ensure that each driver review is as objective as possible "Our supervisors do ride-alongs to see if the driver is following procedures and adhering to our health and safety policies," says Cathy Callagee, vice president of applications develop- ment for UPS's operations portfolio. "But this is problematic because supervisors have to write notes on paper, then bring their notes back to the office and type them into reports Paper is eliminated with the help of PDAs, which display a series of checklists for the supervisor to use during the evaluation. The checklists guide the supervisors through a list of duties the driver should be performing. The supervisor simply checks off each duty as the driver completes it. Additionally, the checklists are uniform across the UPS network, so each driver receives the same evaluation, regardless of who is conducting the review The new PDAs also are helpful for supervisors because they serve as a remote office, allowing supervisors to receive e-mail and check the status of other activities while they are on the road with drivers. Currently, UPS has 1,400 PDAs in the field, with plans to deploy an additional 600 this year. "Supervisors can now electronically write how their drivers are doing and if they are following procedures," Callagee says. If not, the supervisor can bring the applied methods right up on the PDA and walk the driver through it" Before PDAs, drivers and supervisors were forced to memorize these instructions or put notes in their back pocket, but since the data is FOR DISCUSSION transmitted electronically, they can simply plug the PDA into their PC and it automatically up- 1 Would Jeffrey Pfeffer be likely to loads the information to the PC call UPS a people-centered "The use of PDAs eliminates paperwork company? Why or why not? makes the rides more consistent and complete, 2 Which one (or what combination) improves the accountability of UPS supervisors and also increases the professionalism for the of the performance appraisal group." Callagee says. "This is going to become techniques discussed in this a way of life for UPS supervisors chapter is UPS using? Explain. The PDAs also identify training needs, 3 How would you rate the legal which will be particularly helpful to new drivers who might need additional safety training "Our defensibility of UPS's driver objective is to have drivers follow procedures evaluation program? Explain. that will help make their job safer, (make them) 4 From an ethical standpoint, there more efficient and provide better service for is a thin line between supervision customers," Callagee says. "From a worldorce and snoopervision." In your perspective, the use of PDAs will make training easier so we can accomplish these goals." opinion, has UPS crossed that line? Explain. Source: From Gal Johnson, "Online Objectivity Boning 41 How could UPS improve its Ouly 2004): 1 VNU Business Media, Inc Reprinted with permission driver evaluation program