Problem 1: In an application for cast iron requiring ductility, one may wish to select processing conditions that favor formation of graphite rather than iron carbide. Explain how you would select each of the following processing parameters to promote graphite formation: (a) Cooling rate (b) Carbon content (c) Silicon content Problem 2: Please explain how alloying elements promote martensitic phase transformations in steel. Problem 3: If you are designing a propeller shaft for a ship, use the tables of data shown in Lecture 2 to compare C95400 aluminum bronze versus Ti-6A1-4V titanium alloy in terms of density, strength, machinability, weldability, corrosion, and cost. Problem 4: We can add CaO to SiOglass to disrupt bonding of 20% of the oxygen atoms to weaken the network of Si-O tetrahedra. When we make this addition, each calcium ion will result in 2 'broken' oxygen connections. Calculate the weight percent of CaO we should add to SiO to achieve this. The atomic masses of the elements are: 0-16 amu; Si-28 amu; Ca 40 amu