Problem Statement: Design the control unit, hazard detection unit, and forwarding unit for

a pipelined RISC$-$V processor. The processor architecture is based on the RISC$-$V ISA $($Instruction

Set Architecture$),$ which features a simple and elegant instruction set optimized for performance

and efficiency.

Tasks:

$1.$ Design of Control Unit:

$($a$)$ Develop the control signals required to control the various stages of the pipeline, includ$-$

ing instruction fetch, instruction decode, execution, memory access, and write$-$back.

$($b$)$ Implement the control logic to generate control signals based on the opcode of the

instruction and the current pipeline state.

$($c$)$ Ensure that the control unit adheres to the RISC$-$V ISA specifications and supports

all required instructions and pipeline stages.

$2.$ Design of Hazard Detection Unit

$($a$)$ Identify and detect different types of hazards that can occur in a pipelined processor,

including data hazards, control hazards, and structural hazards.

$($b$)$ Implement hazard detection logic to detect hazards between instructions in consecutive

pipeline stages.

$($c$)$ Develop mechanisms to stall the pipeline or insert bubbles to resolve hazards and ensure

correct execution of instructions.

$3.$ Design of Forwarding Unit:

$($a$)$ Implement data forwarding $($also known as data bypassing$)$ mechanisms to resolve data

hazards by forwarding data directly from one pipeline stage to another.

$($b$)$ Develop forwarding logic to detect dependencies between instructions and enable for$-$

warding when necessary to prevent stalls and improve pipeline throughput.

$($c$)$ Ensure that the forwarding unit supports both single$-$cycle and multi$-$cycle data hazards

and provides the necessary data paths for forwarding data between pipeline stages.

Deliverables:

$1.$ Detailed design documentation for the control unit, hazard detection unit, and forwarding

unit, including block diagrams, state diagrams, and control signal tables.

$2.$ Verilog code implementation of the control unit, hazard detection unit, and forwarding unit,

suitable for simulation and synthesis.

$3.$ Simulation results demonstrating the correct operation of the pipelined processor with var$-$

ious instruction sequences and hazard scenarios.

$4.$ Analysis and evaluation of the performance and efficiency of the designed units, including

throughput, latency, and resource utilization.

Additional Instructions:

$1.$ You should use Verilog HDL for implementing the units.

$2.$ Ensure that your design follows best practices for pipelined processor design, including

proper handling of hazards, efficient control signal generation, and robust error detection