PROJECT GUIDELINES MINI CASE ANALYSIS: (50 Marks) Direction: Read carefully and critically analyze and answer the questions. Answer should be in your own words and give suitable examples. CASE 1.Political Costs indicates that in emerging countries, like Egypt, is different from western countries, in addition, Egypt passed a unique experience, which is Egyptian revolution 2011, as the most political event happened in Egypt in the twenty-first century (Puspitasari, 2017). Since 2010, series of protests happened in North Africa-Middle East countries. It started in Tunisia, however, these protests were called "Arab Spring" when they arrived at Egypt on January 25th, 2011 (Puspitasari, 2017), when mass protests toppled Pres. Hosni Mubarak regime clashed with security forces in the majority of Egyptian cities. This revolution succeeded to eliminate of last president and his supporter, and provided a good atmosphere to manage fair elections, which confirms that Egyptian revolution 2011 has a greater effect on Egyptian environment, which encourage asking about the effect of this revolution on the association between the political costs proxies and income smoothing.

Question 1 : a) Analyze the political costs of Egypt and Tunisia.( Each country must be explained in 150 words and each explanation carries 5 points= 10 points) b) Develop your thought based on Arab Spring and explain the Economic Risks of any 2 countries.(Each country must be explained in 150 words and each explanation carries 5 points= 10 points)