Project Management Structures A) Organizing Projects Within Functional Organizations One approach to organizing projects is to simply manage them within the existing functional hierarchy of the organization. Once management decides to implement a project, the different segments of the project are delegated to the respective functional units with each unit responsible for completing its segment of the project. Major Advantages of the Functional Structure in Organizing Projects 1. No Change. Projects are completed within the basic functional structure of the parent organization. 2. Flexibility. There is maximum flexibility in the use of staff. 3. In-Depth Expertise. If the scope of the project is narrow and the proper functional unit is assigned primary responsibility, then in-depth expertise can be brought to bear on the most crucial aspects of the project, 4. Easy Post-Project Transition. Normal career paths within a functional division are maintained, Disadvantages of the Functional Structure 1. Lack of Focus. Each functional unit has its own core routine work to do; sometimes project responsibilities get pushed aside to meet primary obligations. 2. Poor Integration. Functional specialists tend to be concerned only with their segment of the project and not with what is best for the total project. 3. Slow. It generally takes longer to complete projects through this functional arrangement. 4. Lack of Ownership. The motivation of people assigned to the project can be weak. The project may be seen as an additional burden that is not directly linked to their professional development or advancement