Q: Program exploitation

For this component, you will need to perform exploitation to get shell$-$access using their program from Q$1.$

To this end, you are free to use any of the memory$-$exploitation techniques $($including but not limited to the following$)$:

$$ Buffer overflow;

$$ Return$-$oriented programming $($ROP$)$;

$$ Heap exploitation

$$ Etc.

The deliverable for this task will be covering the following:

$1.$ Brief explanation of how the chosen exploitation technique works;

$2.$ Demonstration of exploitation, together with screenshots;

$3.$ Countermeasures against memory$-$exploitation attacks.