Question $21$

$1$

Point

James' first year as parts manager for a local dealership was pretty rocky. To ensure that his subordinates would follow through on established goals, he warned them about losing their jobs. James' managerial attitude reflects assumptions underlying

Theory X$.$

Theory Y$.$

Theory C$.$

Theory Z$.$

the equity theory.

Question $22$

$1$

Point

In the second set of Hawthorne experiments dealing with the piece$-$rate system, the main conclusion was that

the pressure of social acceptance affects production.

a sense of involvement affects production.

variations in lighting affect production.

the piece$-$rate method affects production.

only the amount of pay affects production.

Question $23$

$1$

Point

Lizzy is a financial analyst for a health care company in Phoenix. Her husband is transferred to Atlanta, but Lizzy's employer allows Lizzy to keep her job and work from her new home in Atlanta. Lizzy has to travel back to Phoenix for one week every other month to meet in person with company officials. This arrangement is called

flextime.

part$-$time.

self$-$managed work.

telecommuting.

long$-$distance empowerment.

Question $24$

$1$

Point

Sarah works in the accounting department for an on$-$line retailer. Her employer believes that employees should have regular breaks in their work to stay focused, but expects them to return to work immediately afterwards. One time the accounting manager distributed toy guns that shot soft sponges to everyone and when he blew his whistle, the office erupted into a play war zone. Another time, he blew his whistle and dance music was played over the intercom and everyone got up and danced in the hallways and their cubicles for a half hour. All employees are paid well and recognized for their contributions to the company. Sarah looks forward to going to work each day because of the sense of camaraderie and fun that permeates the work environment.

Leah works in the accounting department for a different on$-$line retailer. She is paid more than Sarah, receives a better benefit package, is permitted to set her own schedule, and can form workgroups with other employees that are managed from within the group to complete projects, but the company expects employees to dedicate all paid time exclusively to work. All employees at Leah$$s company are paid well and recognized for their contributions to the company. Leah enjoys her job but does not look forward to going to work every day due to the intense pressure to perform.

When asked about the unique approach to work, Sarah$$s manager said that she had discovered that a little fun relieved stress, brought the workforce together, and periodic $$wars$$ or competitions tended to alleviate personal animosities and helped employees work well together. When Leah$$s manager was asked about his approach to work he said that employees are adults, they know what the performance expectations are, and they are paid well for their work. He added that they are given rewards and freedoms that break up the boredom of doing the same task each day. When comparing Sarah$$s attitude towards work to Leah$$s$,$ what is the primary difference?

Motivation

Morale

Self$-$management

Productivity

Question $25$

$1$

Point

Teresa worked hard and successfully as a salesperson for B&J Realty Company. For the past three years, she surpassed her peers in quality and quantity of sales. Yet in comparing pay, she discovered that she makes less than two salespeople who are well liked by management. Consequently, she accepted a higher$-$paying job with B&J$\text{'}$s top competitor. To avoid losing other salespeople like Teresa, management should understand and apply

Herzberg's theory.

the expectancy theory.

the equity theory.

negative reinforcement.

Theory Y$.$