Question 4 (16 marks; 2 marks each) a) Alpha Ltd. incurred $204,000 of research costs, up to December 31, 2019, in its laboratory to develop a new process. A patent was granted on January 2, 2020. The patent has a legal life of 20 years. Legal fees and other costs associated with registration of the patent totaled $81,600. Alpha estimates that the economic life of the patent will be eight years. Calculate patent amortization expense for the year-ended December 31, 2020 b) Beta Ltd. was organized in January 2020 and began operations on February 1 Beta is engaged in conducting market research studies on behalf of manufacturers. Prior to the start of operations, the following costs were incurred: Legal fees in connection with organization of Beta Improvements to leased offices Various filing fees and other organization expenses $ 24,000 42,000 30,000 Calculate organization costs (expense) for 2020. c) On January 1, 2020 Gamma Ltd. signed an agreement to operate a franchise. The franchise fee was $120,000, of which $45,000 was paid when the agreement was signed, and the balance is payable in five annual payments of $15,000 each beginning January 1, 2021. Gamma can borrow money at 12% for a loan of this type, Calculate the amount to be recorded as "Franchise" on January 1, 2020. d) A corporation paid $150,000 in legal fees defending a patent in an infringement lawsuit. The company was suing another company for using the protected patent process and won the lawsuit Provide the necessary journal entry and provide an explanation