QUESTION 45 A problem that the Fed faces when it attempts to control the money supply is that a. the Fed has to get the approval of the U.S. Treasury Department whenever it uses any of its monetary policy tools. O b. the 100-percent-reserve banking system in the United States makes it difficult for the Fed to carry out its monetary policy. O c. the Fed does not have a tool that it can use to change the money supply by either a small amount or a large amount. O d. the Fed does not control the amount of money that households choose to hold as deposits in banks. QUESTION 46 The federal funds rate is the O a. interest rate at which banks lend reserves to each other overnight. O b. percentage of face value that the Federal Reserve is willing to pay for Treasury Securities. O c. interest rate at which the Federal Reserve makes short-term loans to banks. O d. percentage of deposits that banks must hold as reserves