questions 14-17

14. In applying behavior modification, a manager would take all except which of the following steps? a. pinpointing specific behaviors b. investigating the psychological (internal) causes of the behaviors c. formulating the baseline point for critical behaviors d. performing the Reward-Response analysis e. developing a plan for positive, negative, extinction and punishment reinforcements 15. In considering how difficult a goal should be to optimize performance, a. need theory suggests relatively hard b. expectancy theory suggests difficult goals c. goal-setting theory devel goals e. none of the above 16. Withholding a reward from an individual to eliminate a bad habit is equivalent to a. positive reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. withdrawal d. punishment e. extinction 17. The first intervention point for a manager to use in changing/influencing an organizational culture is a. hiring members who fit the desired culture. b. removing members who deviate from the desired culture. c. getting employees to see the inherent worth of the change. d. change employees' behavior patterns. e. send out announcements and memos of the desired changes