Chemistry Questions and Answers May 22, 2020

How much limestone with a CaCO3 equivalent of 87% would you need to apply to eliminate exchangeable Al in a soil with CEC = 7.5 cmol(+) kg-1 and an aluminum saturation of 58%?

Consider the chair conformation below CH, When the chair fips One methyl group becomes axial, the other methyt group equatorial and the bromine becomes equatoriat. The bromine atom becomes equatorial and methyl groups axial All groups become axial The bromine atom becomes axial and the methyl groups become equatorial.

Arange the following compounds in the inoreasing order of pka vatues 1.4 Methylphenal 24 Nitrophenet 3 Phenal 4.2Nitropropanol 5 Eihanoic acd 14125 41125 41.235

,59. A fuel gas is known to contain methane, ethane, and carbon monoxide. A sample of the gas is charged into an initially evacuated 2.000liter vessel at 25C and 2323 mm Hg absolute. The vessel is weighed before and after being charged, and the mass difference is found to be 4.929 g. Next, the higher heating value of the gas is determined in a

. A fuel gas is known to contain methane, ethane, and carbon monoxide. A sample of the gas is charged into an initially evacuated 2.000liter vessel at 25C and 2323 mm Hg absolute. The vessel is weighed before and after being charged, and the mass difference is found to be 4.929 g. Next, the higher heating value of the gas is determined in a

The following data apply to a column length of packing 40 cm. 3D Vs 19.6 ml VM 62.6 ml A chromatogram of mixture of A and B give the following data Compound tr. min W min Air 1.9 A 10.0 0.76 B 10.9 0.82 Calculate i) No of plates (N) for the component A. (Give your answer to 4 significant figures) 2. Plate height (H) for the column for component

Report the amount of precipitate as a function of the pH for the protein tried.

Report the amount of precipitate as a function of the pH for the protein tried.

The rate of effusion of unknown gas was measured and found to be 34.9mLmin. Under the same conditions, the rate of effusion of O, was found to be 24.6mLmin. Calculate the molar mass of the unknown gas (in gmol). Select one . 54.2 b. 15.9 . 37.9 d. 43.9 ,In the following reaction, what ions, if any, are spectators ions AGNO, KI AgI 2KNO, Select

Vintage Furniture constructs and sells executive style conference tables. The selling price is $10,000 per table. A unique feature is that the only raw material used in the construction of each table, other than indirect materials like glues and screws, comes entirely from a single tree. Tree prices and other costs of production have remained

Explain what happens to the affinity of myoglobin and hemoglobin towards oxygen and the pH change based on the oxygen binding curves below. Myoglobin 100 80 60 Hemoglobin 40 20 0. 20 40 60 80 100 120 Po, (mmHg) 0, saturation ()

8. Rank the following compounds from lowest to highest boiling point CHe, CaHOH, CHOCH).

7. Rank the following compounds from weakest intermolecular forces to strongest. Justify your answers. CaHs, CaHsCOOH CH,CHCHOH, CH,CH,OCH,

6. Arrange the following compound according to increasing water solubility. H H H H HHH H OH H H H HCCCoH H H H HH HCCCCCOH HHH HCE H H HHH

b) Salt enhances bioavailability. Taking a weak acid as an example, explain how salt in gastric fluid has better absorption compared to its acid form.

a) The total amount excreted into urine as unchanged drug after an oral tablet (A) of 50 mg was 36.4 mg. After an oral capsule dose (B) of 25 mg the Uo was 20.3 mg. Calculate the relative bioavailability of the tablet A with respect to capsule B. If the absolute bioavailability of the oral capsule is determined to be 0.86 calculate the absolute

Estimate how much the salinity of the surface water of the Arctic Ocean would need to increase before the surface density would equal the potential density at 1000-m depth. how does this compare with the average salinity of the ocean? (Good values might be T=-1.5C, S = 32.8, and potential density about 24.5.)

Nitroglycerin decomposes to form carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrogen, and oxygen. Suppose 2.27 grams of nitroglycerin (227g/mol) decomposes at constant volume and the energy released is completely transferred to 1.50 kg water {c=4.18 J/g C). The temperature increases by 2.547 C. calculate delta H for the reaction below 4C3H5N3O9 ----- 12CO2+

3) to what symmetry species does the dz and dx2 v belong in point group C2nprove 4) to what symmetry species does the d,z and dy2 v2 belong in point group C2,prove y dyz d,2.y2

1. The case refers to the classic trap of borrowing short and lending long. Explain what this means. What are the advantages of borrowing short and lending long? What are the disadvantages? 2. Why did the sovereign wealth funds of Singapore Abu Dhabi and China choose to invest in UBS Citigroup and Morgan Stanley at a time when they were performing

Show that the translational motion makes the greatest contribution to the internal energy and enthalpy and explain clearly why this is the case. . hco x kT RTx Evib e 1, h 6.626 x 1034 J s k 1.38 x 1023 J K1 c 2.998 x 10 m s

The rate of effusion of unknown gas was measured and found to be 34.9mLmin. Under the same conditions, the rate of effusion of o, was found to be 24.6mLmin. Calculate the molar mass of the unknown gas (in gmol). Select one . 54.2 b. 15.9 . 37.9 d. 43.9 ,Citric acid, C,H,0,, is found in many fruits How many H atoms are contained in 0.1g of citric

2. At 10.C, 20.g of oxygen gas exerts a pressure of 2.1atm in a rigid, 7.0L cylinder. Assuming ideal behavior, if the temperature of the gas was raised to 40.C, which statement indicates the new pressure and explains why?

When a solid dissolves in water, heat may be evolved or absorbed. The heat of dissolutlon (dissolving) can be determined using a coffee cup calorimeter. Thermometer Cardboard or In the laboratory a general chemistry student finds that when 3.98 g of CsCIO,) are dissolved in 113.50 g of water, the temperature of the solution drops from 22.76 to

Briefly explain the surface chemistry of granular silica particles used in normal-phase liquid chromatography and state how surface chemistry is changed in reverse phase chromatography.

1. From the 0.25% stock solution of Bromophenol Blue(BPB), prepare 8mL of 0.1% BPB working solution in a large test tube. When preparing solutions, always transfer water to the tube first, then add any additional reagents. 2. Prepare six dilutions of the 0.1% BPB working solution as indicated in the table below. Be sure you actually watch the

Volume Volume Total Absorbance BPBinitial Dilution of 0.1 of H20 Final BPBinal (590 nm) Volume 0.1 BPB 0.1 BPB 0.1 BPB 0.1 0.1 BPB 0.1 BPB 110000 150 1100 1250 1500 11000

Which reactions are possible or not possible for a successful titration in the following cases. Explain the details. a) 0.1 M NaCH3OO 0.2 M HOOH, b) 106 M NaCl 106 M KOH, c) 0.5 M NH4CI 1 M KOH, d) 102 M LIOH 0.1M , ) 1 (NH4)2CO3 1M NH3, f) 1 M NH4OH 0.5 . (NH3) 1.8x105 () 1.8105 ()1.8104 For H2CO3 ( Ka14.2x107 Ka2 4.68x1011)

What volume of O2 is formed from the decomposition of 3.009 g of HgO if the gas has a pressure of 744 torr and a temperature of 122C?

2. By using the Transition State Theory, calculate the preexponential factor, A, at 298 K for the following reaction K (BrCICI) (g) Br(g) Cl2(g) BrCl(g)Cl(g) Assume that the activated complex is linear with the moment of inertia, I 1.14 x 10 44 kg m, wavenumbers, vi 160 cm1 and v2 110 cm (two bending vibrations). For Cl2 (g), the moment of

a. The heterocyclic compounds shown below are important biological and medicinal drugsproducts. Provide one method only to synthesize only the heterocyclic core. i. CI CO.H Fantiazac ii. NH, N. NH, Meo Trimethoprim OMe ii. N NH CO H Histidine a. Show how the heterocycle shown below, could be synthesized from the starting compounds shown. Several

8. Predict the number of signals and the multiplicity of each signal in the H NMR spectra of compounds AD each recorded in D.0 so as to eliminate signals due to protons attached to oxygen and nitrogen atoms. COOH H2N COOH H COOH H2N A. B O Me H H2N COOH D

2. Identify all prostereogenic features in the following compounds and deter mine which of the prostereogenic features are prochiral. CH,(OMe), CH,CH,CH,CH,CH, CH,CH,CH(CH,)CH,CH, Me H. CH,Br CH,Br Me H. H. H. Br H. Br Br Br Br. H. Br Br Me H CH,Br Br CH2Br Me H. COMM Me OMe H COOME H. COME H. COME COOH Me COOME H. CH,COOH H COOH CME2COOH COME Fe

Complete the reaction given below:

i. LDA il. Mel ix. i. nBuli il. Boc20, DMAP N I LDA ii, nBuli iv. Br v. 1 M HCI ii. H3o X. Br 1. Meli 1. IBuLI il. HCO,Et ili. H,O il. DDQ

Complete the following reactions schemes by drawing the messing intermediateproducts SeO2 i) Ethanol H ii) H20 OH H OH 1) 4 equivqalents of H2 Pd ii) 2) KMNO,H O3 iv) Zn excess Mel Ag,O H2O K2CO3 eat v) CH3

wwww Please, provide a synthetic scheme that includes suitable conditions and regents for converting the three starting materials to the depicted product. Also, provide a detailed rational for the stereochemical outcome in all steps and comment on any competing reaction pathways. OMe Br OMe

A Hydrogen atom absorbs a photon of UV light and its electron enters the n= 4 energy level. Calculate the change in energy of the H atom and also calculate the wavelength (in nm) of the photon. (RH= 2.18 X 10-18 J, h = 6.63x 10-34 J.s)

(b) Draw a table with approximate chemical shifts, integration and multiplicity of the signals corresponding to the molecule below.

Calculate the band structure of 2H-NbS2 (Niobium disulfide) in the tight-binding approximation with Slater-Koster parametrization. - Make an analysis of symmetries and degeneracies at the high symmetry points. - Do a Berry curvature analysis

A process stream consisting of solvent A with a flow of 3500 kg / h must be evaporated at a pressure of 5 bar so that a saturated steam is obtained. The process stream maintains the temperature at 20 C. Determine the heating effect which must be added to the process. Other information: cp (liquid) = 2.5 kJ kg -1 K -1 Steam generation heat at the

In P A C T

Solve for the amount of firm ABCs cash given the following data: ABC Current Ratio is equal to 2.5 ABC Quick Ratio is equal to 1.2 ABC Current Liabilities is equal to $12K ABC Credit Sales is equal to $98K ABC Average Collection Period is equal to approximately 40 days.

2. You will use the following for titration calculations Trial Vol HCI, mL Vol NaOH, mL MNaOH calc. 1 21.43 19.26 0.223 18.57 16.73 0.222 3. 22.20 21.14 0.210 2.

In todays world and as the eCommerce network continues to grow on a global scale it will encompass a greater and greater share of total retail sales The fact is it is no longer a novelty and sellers are finding innovative new ways to make their online business important for future growth As we have discussed traditional businessbuilding approaches

Calculate the volume of the air required to burn 10 L of SO 2 2SO 2 + O 2 2SO 3 PERCENTAGE OF O 2 IN AIR IS 20 PERCENT BY VOLUME

3. An equilibrium mixture contains 1.0 mol of iron metal, Fe(s) 1.0 x 10 mol of oxygen gas 2.0 mol of solid iron(III) oxide, Fe,O,(s), in a 2.0 L container. The reaction is represented by the balanced chemical equation and 4 Fe(s) 3 0,(g) 2 Fe,O,(s) Calculate the value of K for this reaction. T

Dehydration of an Alcohol Are you completing this experiment online Yes Data Collection Amount of reactant used in grams (g) 1.546 Product obtained in grams (g) 1.207 (24pts) Calculations and Analysis (55pts) Amount of reactant in moles 0.01546 (05pts) Product obtained in moles 0.01207 (5 pts) Incorrect. 1.26772 (55pts) Product theoretical yield

5. Phosphorus pentachloride gas, PCl(g), will decompose to phosphorous trichloride, PCI,(g), and chlorine, Cl,(g), at 160 C. In a sealed vessel, the reaction will proceed to equilibrium PCI, (g) PCI,(g) Cl,(g) A chemist places 3.00 mol of phosphorous penta chloride gas into a sealed 1.50 L flask at 160 C. At equilibrium, he observes there is

Your network consists of a single Active Directory domain. All network servers run Windows Server 2016. 30 client computers run Windows 7, 150 client computers run Windows 8.1 and the remaining client computers run Windows 10. A new employee named Danielle Chip is hired to assist you in installing Windows 10 on 50 new client computers. You need to

(b) An experiment was carried out as follows 1.5766 g of an ammonium salt was placed in a beaker and 60 mL of 1.182 M sodium hydroxide was added. The resulting mixture was heated for about an hour and then left to cool to room temperature. The reaction mixture was then titrated with sulfuric acid and required 18.35 mL of the acid for complete

When referring to a 211 phylosilicate colloid, the numbers refer to O2 tetrahedral sheets to 1 octahedral sheet to 1 Mg hydroxide sheet 02 octahedral sheets to 1 tetrahedral sheet to 1 Ca hydroxide sheet 02 octahedral sheets to 1 tetrahedral sheet to 1 Mg hydroxide sheet 02 tetrahedral sheets to 1 octahedral sheet to 1 Ca hydroxide sheet

Explain the following graph and how the explained concept will affect soil structure. 3.0 1.0 cations C, 0.1 Co0.1 Cs C2 Co 0.01 0.01 anions 0.001 0.0001 2 6. 8. 10 12 14 Distance from surface (nm) DDL thickness Co 0.01 DDL thickness Co 0.1 Concentration (M)

(a) Examine the synthetic scheme below and identify (i) Reagents and Conditions (i) (v) (ii) Structures AE () CH, (i) (iv) NH, 2 og, CH,CI (H) D. (v) OH

Seaview is a small resort community on the Gulf of Mexico. Blessed with nice beaches and a good location, Seaview has grown rapidly over the last decade. The growth has not been explosive, so that Seaview has maintained a semblance of "good taste." Seaview's city engineer, Ramon Martinez, had a number of sleepless nights during Hurricane Harvey

The rate of disappearance of HCl was measured for the following reaction CHOH(aq) HCI(aq) CHCl(aq) H,0() The following data were collected Time (min) HCI (M) 0.0 1.85 54.0 1.58 107.0 1.36 215.0 1.02 430.0 0.580 a. Calculate the average rate of the reaction in Mmin, for the time interval between each measurement (similar to the rate data in

The following is a list of controls (numbered 1 through 7 below) typically implemented in the revenue cycle. a. For each control identified, briefly indicate the financial misstatement that could occur if the control is not implemented effectively. b. Identify a test of control that the auditor can perform to determine the operating effectiveness

Net income was $513,500 in 2012, $480,000 in 2013, and $537,700 in 2014. What is the percentage of change from (a) 2012 to 2013, and (b) from 2013 to 2014? Is the change an increase or a decrease? (If amount and percentage are a decrease show the numbers as negative, e.g. -55,000, -20% or (55,000), (20%). Round percentages to 0 decimal places,

A coal has 10 moisture, 39 volatile matter and 41 ash. Calculate volatile matter and fixed carbon on (dry, mineralmatter free) dmmf basis and determine the ASTM Group to which the coal belongs. Table 2 Characterization of different types of coal TYPE OF COAL VOLATILE SUBTYPE FIXED CARBON CALORIFIC (wt) MATTER (wt) VALUE (MJkg) Anthracite

The current sections of Birmingham Inc.s balance sheets for December 31, 2016, and 2017, are presented here. Birminghams net income for 2017 was $193,000. The income statement included depreciation expense, $25,000, amortization expense, $10,000, and a gain on disposal of equipment, $7,000. The equipment was sold for $47,000. Birmingham also

The response area during an analysis of compound A in river water samples for five replications using HPLCDAD were tabulated below. No. of trial 1 3 4 Area of metoprolol 424 540 428 431 532 (i) Based on the tabulated data, calculate the RSD (ii) Comment on the precision obtained from the analysis.

4. in terms of reaction kinetics, explain how a catalyst increases the reaction rate. Include either a Kinetic Energy Graph or a Potential Energy Graph to illustrate how a catalyst increases the reaction rate. Make re your anes are labelled. (2) n

12. Which picture shows an example of a chemical change taking place PCORV A D Whatever your response please explain why you choose the answer. Also can you please explain what is happening in each option.

The instability constant expression for the complex ion [Cd(NH3)4]2+?

Consider production ratios of 2:1:1, 3:2:1, and 5:3:2 for oil, gasoline, and heating oil. Assume that other costs are the same per gallon of processed oil. a. Which ratio maximizes the per-gallon profit if oil costs $80/barrel, gasoline is $2/gallon, and heating oil is $1.80/gallon? b. Suppose gasoline costs $1.80/gallon and heating oil

For a protein containing no -sheet secondary structure the CD spectrum gives [] 222 = -29,750 deg.cm 2 .decimole -1 . Given from reference spectra that 100% helix has a [] 222 = -36,000 deg.cm 2 .decimole -1 and 100% coil has a [] 222 = +3,000 deg.cm 2 .decimole -1 . a). What is the percentage alpha-helical content of the protein? b.) The protein

1. The rate of the homogeneous gasphase reaction A 3B 2X Y has been studied. Some of the data are Initial total pressure change rate (dPdt) (torrs) Initial pressure A P torr 352 Initial pressure B P torr Run 289 247 153 392 3.44 6.55 8.14 3 4 617 (a) What are the orders of the reaction with respect to A and with respect to B (b) Assume that

Which type of gas chromatographic column consists of a tube that is densely packed with uniform, finely divided solid support that is coated with a thin layer of stationary phase A ) SCOT B) Packed column C) BPOT D) WCOT

A chemical reaction is and the products are In the law of conservation of mass, the total mass The reactants are of the reactants must equal Chemical reactions are described by which represents Indications of a Chemical Reaction To know if a chemical reaction has taken place requires that a substance has Proof requires of undergone a the products,

Which, if any, of the following items characterizes the election to defer Federal estate tax payments relative to an interest in a closely held business? a. The estate tax is paid over the last 10 years or less. b. Interest must be paid during the complete deferral period. c. Interests in closely held businesses can be aggregated only if the 20%

The most suitable liquid stationary phase for separation of hydrocarbons is A Trifluoropropyl polydiemthyl siloxane B) Cyanopropyl polydiemthyl siloxane C) Polyethylene glycol Polydimethyl siloxane E) Phenylpolydiemthyl siloxane

A compound contains 24.27 of Carbon, 4.07 hydrogen, and 71.65 of chlorine. Its molar is 98.96 g (C 12.011g, H1.008g, Cl 35.453 g) How many moles of Hydrogen are there in the compound

Which one of the following is the formula is perchloric a acid A) HCIO3 B) HCIO4 C) HCIO D) HC1 E) HCIO2

Methane, CHa is a tetrahedral molecule and does not exhibit a pemanent dipole moment (i.e. it has a dipole moment of 0). Nonetheless, in microwave spectroscopy methane does exhibit a weak, but measurable absorbance. Explain why you think this is the case a 1(b) 40 Marks) The diatomic molecule 12CS has been detected in interstellar gas clouds by

An experiment is designed to measure the viscosity of an unknown liquid as a function of temperature. The flow time, 1, of a specific volume of the liquid through a viscometer is Temperature (K) Flow time (s) 100.0 26.92 200.0 20.52 measured at various temperatures, T. The data collected are 300.0 15.61 given in the table. 400.0 11.47 When

325 mL of solution was prepared by dissolving an 8.475 g sample containing sodium nitrate (NaNO3) and sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) in water. The analysis of the sodium content led to the formation of 0.2924 g NaCl after extraction of the analyte for a 50 mL sample. Phosphates from a second 50 mL sample was precipitated as MgNH4PO4. After calcination,

Given caesium has a body-centred cube with density of 1.93 g/cm3. i. Determine the lattice constant of caesium if the molar mass of caesium is 132.9 g mol-1. (NA = 6.022 x 1023 atom mol-1) ii. Assuming the body-centred caesium is replaced by an anion, X, suggest the type of structure of this derivative. iii. Determine coordination environment for

The figure below shows the fluorescence emission spectra of fluorescein (FI) and Texas-Red (TR) when covalently attached to the catalytic (C) or regulatory (R) subunit of d cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKI). When the subunits are associated, resonance energy transfer (RET) occurs from FL to TR. The associated from is C2R2. Read the figure legend

80 60 40 20 520 580 640 700 WAVELENGTH (nm) FLUORESCENCE

Polson Company adopted the dollarvalue LIFO method for inventory valuation at the beginning of 2015 The following information about the inventory at the end of each year is available from Polsons records Year Current Cost Index 2014 51000 100 2015 62000 108 2016 71000 115 2017 74000 124 2018 79000 136 Required 1 Prepare a ninecolumn worksheet in

A neutralization reaction occurs when 100.0 mL of 0.500 mol/L lithium hydroxide and 100.0 mL of 0.500 mol/L of nitric acid are mixed in an insulated cup. Initially, the solutions are at the same temperature. If the highest temperature reached during mixing was 24.5 oC, what was the initial temperature of the solutions? Include a balanced equation

explain chiral carbon molecular 3D model with (picture)?

Q1) The vapour pressure, p, of nitric acid varies with temperature as follows 0C 0 20 40 50 70 80 90 100 pkPa 1.92 6.38 17.7 27.7 62.3 89.3 124.9 170.9 What are (a) the normal boiling point (b) the enthalpy of vaporization of nitric acid Q2) Calculate the melting point of ice under a pressure of 50 bar. Assume that the density of ice under these

Metallopolymers can be formed through the complexation of metal ions with the carboxylate groups of the polysaccharide illustrated below The table below contains Log K values for selected metal ions, where K is the formation constant for the metal complex. Metal lon Pb2 Cd Cul Zn Log K 7.930.04 1.300.02 3.3610.06 0.71 0.03 Q 2(a) 5 Marks With aid

Assume that the following phrases appear in complete sentences. Write the letter of the phrase that is appropriately expressed. a)in the nineteenth century (b) in the 19th century___________

Fill in the blanks whether it is covalent or ionic compound based on their properties:

What I Can Do Covalent and ionic compounds can be differentiated easily because of their different physical properties based on the nature of their bonding. Fillin the blank whether it is covalent or ionic compound based on their properties When (1) are formed, we are almost never dealing with just a single positive ion and a single negative ion.

Positivelycharged and negativelycharged aminoacid residues on different subunits of the same protein forms a salt bridge. Describe the role of the salt bridges in CO2 transportation using appropriate diagrams.

1. Draw all the forms of Tyrosine at pH 10.5. I have the predominant form and the protonation and deprotonation values written out, but I'm not sure how to draw the other forms now. 2. Draw the peptide chain arginyl-alanyl-histidyl-cysteinyl-isoleucyl-asparagine at pH 7

Ib. LTyrosine at pH 10,5 101. deprotonatedH pKa 9.5 HN CH R pka a.a HCH H. C. C. H. C. C. C. 507. protonated H. pka 10.5

2. Which of the following molecules are chiral? Identify the chirality center(s) in each.

CH3 (b) CH2CH2CH3 (c) CH3CH2 H. Coniine (from poison hemlock) Toluene .N. H. N. Phenobarbital (tranquilizer)

Predict the products of the following reactions. a) CH3CH2CH2I + OH_____________________________________ b) (CH3)2CHBr + I ________________________________________ c) CH3Br + CN________________________________________ d) CH3CH2I + HS ________________________________________ Write the mechanism for the following reaction.

CH3 CH3 CHBr CH3 CH2C, CH3 CH3

Identify the compound in each of the following pairs that react at the faster rate in an SN1 reaction: (a) Isopropyl bromide or isobutyl bromide (b) Cyclopentyl iodide or 1-methyl cyclopentyl iodide (c) Cyclopentyl bromide or 1-Bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane (d) tert-Butyl chloride or tert-butyl iodide Predict whether the following reactions are more

() Br NH, (b) Br H20 () Br

The morning after Britain voted to exit the EU the British pound lost 0.15 of its value and was trading at 1.20 By how much has the pound depreciated overnight?

2. In a laboratory experiment you react 20.0 mL of 25 by mass C2HN2 with 8.000 NiCl2.6H20 to obtain the product Ni(NH2CH2CHNH213Cl2 complex. The C2HN2 solution used in this experiment is 25.0 by mass, with a density (d) of 0.950 gmL. (MW NICI2.6H20 237.69 gmole, MW C2HN260.10 gmole, MW tris(ethylenediamine)nickel(II)chloride 309.89 gmole) a.

Jose is subject to the top marginal federal income tax rates. Carlita is considering establishing a trust in which Jose would be an income beneficiary. Considering only income tax consequences, Jose should be designated as: a. A first-tier beneficiary. b. A second-tier beneficiary. c. Only a remainder beneficiary. d. Both a first- and a

Evaluate the following using thermodynamic reasoning i. Addition of salt in 7up results in intense bubbling. i. Entropy favors random mixing. Yet we may observe that surface has more solute than the bulk. This effect diminishes as temperature increases. i. Itis expected thata defect free solid should have lower energy. Yet we talk about

3. Since the half life of U235 (7.13E8 yrs.) is less than the half life of U238 (4.51E9 yrs.) the isotopic abundance of U235 has been decreasing relative to U238 since the earth was formed about 4.5 billion years ago. Fission products have been found which indicate that natural reactors have existed in Africa (read Sec 4.9). This would likely have

If the moon's orbit carries it completely into the umbra of Earth's shadow, then which of the following would you see? a. the sun has fully hidden behind the moon b. all of these c. the moon partially dimmed d. a total lunar eclipse

Which of the following molecules are chiral? a. 3-Bromopentane b. 1,3-Dibromopentane c. 3-Methylhex-1-ene d. cis-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane e. 2,4-Dimethylheptane f. 5-Ethyl-3,3-dimethylheptane g. 4,5-Dimethylocta-2,6-diene Assign R,S configurations to the following molecules:

(a) Br (b) H (c) NH2 HOCCO2H CH3 H3CCCO2H NCCCH3 H H

Draw a tetrahedral representation of (S)-pentan-2-ol (2-hydroxypentane). Assign R or S configuration to each chirality center in the following molecules:

() Br (b) CH3 (c) CH3 H CH3 HaBr Br H H3C H H .C CH3 HO. H3

Which of the compounds in the above problem are enantiomers, and which are diastereomers? There are eight alcohols with the formula C5H12O. Draw them, and tell which are chiral. Write the mechanism for the following reaction.

CH3 CH3 CH3Br CH3 H3H Br CH3 CH3