Some bacteria acquire new genes through a process called $.$ Staphylococcus and Enterococcus in proximity can swap genes. Some bacteria may carry extra loops of DNA called that carry genes for vancomycin resistance. These genes can be transferred through a$($n$).$ One strand is transferred to the recipient, which then uses that strand as a$($n$)$ to synthesize a second strand. In this way, both cells have the same resistance gene. If treated with the antibiotic, they will and pass on the gene to their $.$ This genetic change to a population of bacteria is an example of $.$