The Internet Engineering Task Force $($IETF$)$ allocates IP space to Regional Internet Registries $($RIRs$)$ such as RIPE

b$.$

An Autonomous System $($AS$)$ is a type of critical infrastructure that connects multiple Internet eXchange Points $($IXPs$)$

c$.$

Internet eXchange Points $($IXPs$)$ are protocols standardised by the Internet Engineering Task Force $($IETF$)$

d$.$

Internet Engineering Task Force $($IETF$)$ interconnects Autonomous Systems $($ASes$)$

e$.$

Many critical Internet protocols $($eg$,$ IPv$4,$ UDP, TCP$)$ are standardised in the Internet Engineering Task Force $($IETF$)$

f$.$

The Internet Engineering Task Force $($IETF$)$ organises the Regional Internet Registries $($RIRs$)$