The new$-$product development process should

a$.$ avoid applying quantitative screening criteria, since applying such criteria tends to eliminate most of the "really new" ideas.

b$.$ be informal$-$to encourage creativity.

c$.$ start whenever the majority of current products are in the market maturity stage of the product life cycle.

d$.$ be $90\%$ of an employee's job.

e$.$ have ongoing support from top management.