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Convert all many-to-various associations and ternary (three-way) associations with partnered components. Try to show any perceiving associations. Update: you don't need to name associations related with the agreeable components.

Guarantee each standard component has a reasonable identifier.

Show the most limit and least cardinality for each relationship.

Add identifiers where/if significant

Attempt to show multivalued and composite attributes. Guarantee trademark names are uncommon.

Recall that component names ought to be specific things.

Boise Mountain is an astonishing ski resort that needs an informational index. Assuming no one really minds, draw the ERD using the going with information: Our ski incline is divided into many ski runs. Each run is gotten to by one or no lift. Each lift gives permission to one of additional runs. Runs are portrayed by their name, length, and inconvenience. Lifts are isolated by lift name, kind of lift, number of seats and components. A lift can have different features.

Each lift is worked by one or various agents, every laborer could work none or different lifts. Laborers all have the going with information kept awake with the most recent: agent id, specialist name including first and last name, DOB, work title, and select date. For each lift, one agent is designtated to be the prosperity official. Each agent should be the prosperity official for one lift (but some are not security authorities). Since the lodging could have to oversee critical winter weather conditions, the retreat has spread out a degrees of initiative among the specialists. This degrees of administration can be used to show an organized overview of the delegates (for each specialist, we understand who is directly responsible for that agent and the agent that the agent is clearly liable for).

Multi day pass holders are seen as people. People are portrayed by part id, composite attribute of part name (first and last), DOB, home state (2 characters), and date the enlistment began. People can seek after models from a couple of staff people. Exactly when a section takes an outline from a staff part, the date and time are recorded. (Note: this is a ternary relationship)!!! Representation types have an ID, a depiction and a standard length. Each model sort has been held something like once. Basically, E is a bunch of encryption calculations, and the key K chooses one explicit calculation from the set. There are many sorts of encryption. In the following areas we check out at two straightforward types of encryption: replacements in which one letter is traded for one more and renderings, in which the request for the letters is adjusted. Cryptanalyst: cryptanalyst is an individual who concentrates on encryption and encoded message and attempts to track down the profound implications (to break an encryption). Disarray: it is a method for guaranteeing that ciphertext knows practically nothing about the first message. Dispersion: it builds the overt repetitiveness of the plaintext by spreading it across lines and segments.

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To permit the framework to work within the sight of transient disappointments of some imitation directors, a majority get together plan is utilized. Reproduction administrators are thought to be non-vindictive and fall flat stop. To refresh an oversaw information thing, the activities given by the overseeing system include: lock(item) update(item, esteem, timestamp) read(item, timestamp) unlock(item) (a) Suppose the information thing is an at first void rundown of values and the update activity attaches a worth. Represent the majority gathering plan for five imitations, showing various update and read activities. [8 marks] (b) How is a complete request of updates accomplished by majority gathering in the presence of simultaneous update demands by clients to the open gathering? Examine how any issues that could emerge can be settled. [4 marks] (c) When can unlock(item) be executed securely by the starting reproduction administrator? Depict any extra convention that is required. [5 marks] (d) Suppose that the cycle bunch is overseeing non-covering parcels of a conveyed data set rather than copies. Could majority at any point gathering have any impact in making the connected updates expected for circulated exchanges? Legitimize your response.

(a) Name three kinds of programming weakness; give an illustration of each and a brief portrayal of how each could be taken advantage of. (b) Alice needs to go after Bob's PC through the Internet, by sending IP parcels to it, straightforwardly from her own PC. She doesn't believe that Bob should find out the IP address of her PC. (I) Is this simpler to accomplish for Alice with TCP-or UDP-based application conventions? Make sense of why. [3 marks] (ii) For the more troublesome convention, make sense of one method that Alice could attempt to beat this hindrance and one countermeasure that Bob would be able carry out in his PC. [3 marks] (iii) Name three capacities that Alice's Internet specialist organization would be able execute to make it more challenging for Alice to accomplish her objective? [3 marks] (c) In what way are TCP/UDP port numbers under 1024 unique?

(a) Distributed capacity approaches can be isolated into network joined capacity (NAS) and capacity region organizations (SANs). Make sense of with the guide of a graph the fundamental distinctions between the two methodologies. [4 marks] (b) The organization record framework (NFS) is in many cases utilized in neighborhood. (I) Why is NFS not typically thought to be appropriate for wide region organizations? [2 marks] (ii) Briefly examine how one could adjust NFS to all the more likely help wide region networks. [2 marks] (c) Distributed shared virtual memory can be utilized inside a processing bunch to straightforwardly permit multi-strung projects to stumble into numerous machines. Sketch the plan of a DSVM framework. Make certain to make sense of what happens both whenever a memory read and when a memory compose happens. Remark on the anticipated execution and heartiness of your framework. [6 marks] (d) EROS is a capacity based working framework. (I) What is a capacity? [1 mark] (ii) Explain with the guide of a graph how EROS utilizes customary paging equipment to copy capacity equipment. [5 marks] 6 CST.2006.9.7 6 Computer Vision (a) Extraction of visual highlights from pictures frequently includes convolution with channels that are themselves built from blends of differential administrators. One model is the Laplacian 2 2 x2 + 2 y2 of a Gaussian G(x, y) having scale boundary , creating the channel 2G(x, y) for convolution with the picture I(x, y). Make sense of exhaustively every one of the accompanying three administrator groupings, where implies two-layered convolution. (I) 2 [G(x, y) I(x, y)] [2 marks] (ii) G(x, y) 2 I(x, y) [2 marks] (iii)

2G(x, y)

I(x, y) [2 marks] (iv) What are the distinctions among their impacts on the picture? [2 marks] (b) In human vision, the photoreceptors liable for variety (cones) are various just close to the fovea, chiefly in the focal 10 degrees. In like manner high spatial goal is just tracked down there. So why does the visual world appear to us consistently hued? For what reason does it additionally appear to have uniform spatial goal? What suggestions and plan standards for PC vision may be drawn from these perceptions? [4 marks] (c) Outline a plan for achieving record of penmanship (not cursive, that is, with letters previously isolated). Make sense of the center modules in your framework, from low-level element extraction to undeniable level arrangement of letters. At the most significant level of the classifier, make sense of how the framework could utilize Bayesian techniques to consolidate master information like a vocabulary of real words and information about relative letter frequencies. [4 marks] (d) How can dynamic data about facial appearance and posture in video arrangements (rather than simple actually outline picture data), be utilized in a face acknowledgment framework? Which center troublesome parts of face acknowledgment with still edges become more manageable with dynamic arrangements? Are a few viewpoints made more troublesome? [4 marks] 7 Advanced Graphics Depict, exhaustively, the radiosity technique for computing enlightenment. Guarantee that your response gives an outline of the calculation, portrays an implementable technique of working out structure factors, and makes sense of a proficient approach to emphasizing to an answer.

(a) Hidden Markov models (HMM) are generally utilized in Bioinformatics. (I) In a HMM when might you utilize the Baum-Welch calculation, and when the Viterbi calculation, and why? Give organically inspired models. [8 marks] (ii) Any AI model (like a HMM) for protein optional structure assurance or quality tracking down depends on finding trademark measurable properties of protein successions. Name a property (and legitimize your response) that assists with confining (and recognize) transmembrane portions and loops in a protein arrangement, or exon/intron limits in a genomic district. [2 marks] (b) Discuss the intricacy of a calculation to recreate a hereditary organization from microarray irritation information. [7 marks] (c) What is the distinction as far as availability between a without scale organization what's more, an arbitrary organization? Give organic instances of without scale organizations. [3 marks] 14 Denotational Semantics (a) State cautiously, without evidence, the sufficiency and ampleness results for PCF. (You really want not portray the grammar, functional and denotational semantics of PCF in any detail.) [3 marks] (b) Define the intelligent connection you would use in demonstrating sufficiency for PCF. State cautiously without verification the "crucial hypothesis" for the coherent connection. [5 marks] (c) Define logical comparability for PCF. [2 marks] (d) Explain cautiously the troubles in getting a completely theoretical denotational semantics for PCF. [7 marks] (e) Describe how PCF punctuation and functional semantics can be stretched out to get full deliberation. [3 marks] 13 (TURN OVER) CST.2006.9.14 15 Specification and Verification II A JK flip-flop has inputs J, K and a result Q, which is driven by a put away worth, what's more, conduct determined by the accompanying table. J K Q Qnext 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 X 0 1 0 X 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 Accept that the put away worth is at first 0. (a) Describe the succession of results on Q in the event that the J and K information sources are 1 all the time. [2 marks] (b) Define a predicate JK with the end goal that JK(j,k,q) models the way of behaving of a JK flipflop. Depict and legitimize the sensible kind of JK. [6 marks] (c) Write down a conventional determination of a gadget COUNT with the end goal that the result at time t will be t mod 4. [2 marks] (d) Design an execution of COUNT utilizing JK back-peddles, depict how it works also, draw a graph of your plan. [4 marks] (e) How you could demonstrate that your plan meets its particular?

(a) Define the M/M/1 queueing model and infer the consistent state dispersion for the quantity of clients present when the traffic power is short of what one. [5 marks] (b) For the M/M/1 model in consistent state, determine the mean number of clients present and the interim spent by a client in the framework. What is the usage of the server? [5 marks] (c) Now think about the M/M/1/K queueing model with K limited and again determine the consistent state dissemination for the quantity of clients present. For what upsides of the traffic power does your consistent state dissemination exist? What is the usage of the server and make sense of how this analyzes for the M/M/1 queueing model. [5 marks] (d) Give an illustration of the utilization of the M/M/m/m misfortune model. Determine Erlang's recipe for the consistent state likelihood that a showing up client sees as all m servers involved.

The improvement chief of a site for online book-purchasing has asked you to do a heuristic assessment of its ease of use. He has explicitly proposed the three heuristics recorded beneath. 1. "There ought to be somewhere in the range of five and nine route choices on each page." 2. "There ought to be a decent match between the route buttons and the clients' objectives." 3. "It ought to be simple for clients to change their arrangements." (a) Has the chief gotten heuristic assessment wrong? Momentarily legitimize your reply. [2 marks] (b) Please remark on the over three heuristics proposed by the chief. For every one of the proposed heuristics, your remarks ought to include: (I) any hypothetical legitimization possibly in support this heuristic; (ii) any extra assessment steps that may be expected in applying it; and (iii) the probable effect of such assessment on the framework plan. [6 imprints each] 2 CST.2006.9.3 2 VLSI Design (a) What is double rail rationale? For what reason is it helpful in self-coordinated circuits? [4 marks] (b) Using double rail rationale, sketch circuits for (I) an inverter; [2 marks] (ii) an AND entryway; [3 marks] (iii) a restrictive OR entryway. [3 marks] (c) The accompanying circuit shows a powerful double rail entryway: 0/ T F0 F1 A0 A1 A0 A1 B0 B1 Which

1. The APCalendar class contains methods used to work out information about a timetable. You will create two methodologies for the class. public class APCalendar { /** Regardless, returns legitimate accepting year is a leap year and sham. */ private static boolean isLeapYear(int year) { /* execution not shown */} /** Returns the amount of hop seemingly forever some place in the scope of year1 and year2, thorough. * Precondition: 0 <= year1 <= year2 */ public static int numberOfLeapYears(int year1, int year2) { /* to be executed somewhat (a) */} /** Returns the value tending to the day of the week for the principle day of year, * where 0 methods Sunday, 1 means Monday, ..., and 6 demonstrates Saturday. */ private static int firstDayOfYear(int year) { /* execution not shown */} /** Returns n, where month, day, and year demonstrate the nth day of the year. * Returns 1 for January 1 (month = 1, day = 1) of any year. * Precondition: The date tended to by month, day, year is a real date. */ private static int dayOfYear(int month, int day, int year) { /* execution not shown */} /** Returns the value tending to the day of the week for the given date * (month, day, year), where 0 demonstrates Sunday, 1 connotes Monday, ..., * additionally, 6 shows Saturday. * Precondition: The date tended to by month, day, year is a genuine date. */ public static int dayOfWeek(int month, int day, int year) { /* to be executed somewhat (b) */} // There may be event variables, constructors, and various systems not shown.

(a) Write the static strategy numberOfLeapYears, which returns the quantity of jump a very long time somewhere in the range of year1 and year2, comprehensive.

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