Using the extract above , Write a literature review on the topic, "Gender relations and dynamics of hiring women".

Economic crisis and structural adjustment in Ghana have put large numbers of formal sector employees and civil servants out of work. This informalisation process has gendered consequences. Unemployed people, rural-urban migrants and school-leavers of both genders seek employment in the urban informal economy, and increasingly take up 'female' occupations particularly in retail trade.Overcrowding in women's economic domains thus occurs. This study examines the livelihood strategies of informally employed men and women in Accra. It is argued that gender ideologies regarding appropriate occupations for women and men are continuously adapted in response to a changing political economy. Thus,even if female traders face competition,declining returns and a heavier dependency burden, frustration wth government policies failing to create decent jobs (for men) is more prevalent than gender antagonism and ridicule of those who find gender-atypical ways of eking out a living. Gender equality plays a very significant role in our socioeconomic development and corporate innovations. However, the multinational Ghanaian mining is dominated by men and a culture of masculinity. The current paper, therefore, studies the Ghanaian mines, exposes their homogeneous scopes, and examines the sociocultural barriers constraining effective participation of women in mine works. The paper further explores the transformations that have occasioned a shift in gender dynamics, leading to an increased participation of women in mines. The results of deploying a multiple case study, qualitative research design, and meta-narratives of the respondents, point to common prejudices, perceptions, and implicit stereotyped notions of gender roles in the mines, as the sociocultural factors constraining the effective participation of women in mine jobs. Beyond the barriers, the paper intuits a women's revolution in the mines due to the collective efforts of mining companies ana allied institutions, both adopting gender strategic measures such as the 'ore solidarity movement' gender mainstreaming in admission programs as well as gender equity-driven mining initiatives aimed at re-engineering a shift in gender dynamics of the mine jobs of Ghana. These change regimes among the mines imply inclusivity, de-feminization of poverty, a move towards achieving organizational modernization, competitiveness, and an assurance for gender equality-driven social innovative mining. References 1. Abrahamsson, L. (2008). Exploring construction of gendered identities at work. In S. Billet, T. Fenwick, & M. Somerville (Eds.), Work, subjectivity and learning understanding learning through working life (pp. 105-121). Dordrecht: Springer. 2. Abrahamsson, L. (2014). Gender and modern organizations, ten years after.Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies, 4,109-136. 3. Akabzaa, T. M., Armah, T. E. K., & Baneong Yakubo, B. K. (2007). Prediction of acid mine drainage generation potential in selected mines in the Ashanti Metallogenic Belt using static geochemical methods. Environmental Geology, 52, 957-964. 4. Alexander, P. (2007). Women and coal mining in India and South Africa. African Studies, 66, 201-222.5. Ampofo, A. A. (Ed.). (2014). Gender and society in Africa: An introduction. Accra:Sub Saharan Publishers