Which is the correct answer?

The Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC):

1. suggests that as country's per capita GDP continues to rise from having started at a low level, environmental degradation initially declines and later rises as it becomes rich
2. should it accurately depict the relationship between per capita GDP and and environmental degradation, offers hope to a poor country seeking to increase its per capita GDP since, once it becomes rich, it should enjoy a lower level of environmental degradation as its per capita GDP rises.
3. is supported by empirical and statistical analyses whenever a broad indicator is used to represent environmental damage, such as total energy consumption
4. suggests there is an N-shaped relationship between environmental degradation and rising per capita GDP