Which scenario best describes an escalation of commitment error?

• When a manager is in a heated discussion about gun control and looks up statistics that support his opinion.

  When a manager is in a heated discussion about gun control and looks up statistics that support his opinion.

• When a manager decides not to fly because so many people die in plane crashes, even though more people die in automobile crashes.

  When a manager decides not to fly because so many people die in plane crashes, even though more people die in automobile crashes.

• When a manager wears a tie and receives a promotion, and then he wears that tie the next time he wants to experience a good outcome.

  When a manager wears a tie and receives a promotion, and then he wears that tie the next time he wants to experience a good outcome.

• When a manager makes a decision to invest resources in producing CDs and continues to do so long after he sees that customers arent buying them.

If an organization wants to foster a more creative atmosphere, they can develop a questioning attitude, leaders and cultures that dont emphasize tradition, and what other characteristic?

• A willingness to take risks

  A willingness to take risks

• Increased motivation for employees

  Increased motivation for employees

• An atmosphere of brainstorming

  An atmosphere of brainstorming

• Technical and intellectual knowledge

When an organization sets stringent deadlines and quick turnaround times, it will likely ________.

• foster a creative environment

  foster a creative environment

• support decision making

  support decision making

• Foster a creative environment

  Foster a creative environment

• hinder decision making

The distinctive feature of linear model of decision making is:

• that the decision maker identifies the problem and reviews a few reasonable alternatives.

  that the decision maker identifies the problem and reviews a few reasonable alternatives.

• when past experience and gut feelings are used to make the decision because no other options are available

  when past experience and gut feelings are used to make the decision because no other options are available

• when an individual lists pros and cons and adds numerical value or weight to each.

  when an individual lists pros and cons and adds numerical value or weight to each.

• when problems, solutions, participants and choice opportunities inform decisions

Vesna is taking a look at different aspects of her organization in order to determine what they do well and what they dont. Shes also studying the market for distraction and underserved areas in order to focus specifically on their competition. Which tool would help Vesna best with this project?

• Vroom-Yetton-Jago Decision Making Model

  Vroom-Yetton-Jago Decision Making Model

• Feasibility report

  Feasibility report

• Pareto diagram

  Pareto diagram

• SWOT analysis

• When an employee removes outlying data from a set to make it ready for decision-making use, he is completing which step in using data for decision making?

• Deciding on a strategy

  Deciding on a strategy

• Analyzing the data

  Analyzing the data

• Collecting the data

  Collecting the data

• Making a decision about the data

When we use the term veracity, with regards to data, we are we referring to?

• The speed at which data is generated

  The speed at which data is generated

• The type of datastructured or unstructured

  The type of datastructured or unstructured

• How much data there is

  How much data there is

• How accurate the data is

Why is the concept of managerialism important to the topic of decision making?

• It deprives individuals with expertise of all decision-making powers

  It deprives individuals with expertise of all decision-making powers

• It focuses on citizens and their needs rather than business

  It focuses on citizens and their needs rather than business

• its not a very well studied concept

  its not a very well studied concept

• Its pejorative