Consider the problem from genetics of crossing two types of peas. The Mendelian theory states that the probabilities of the classifications 

(a) Round and yellow, 

(b) Wrinkled and yellow, 

(c) Round and green,

(d) Wrinkled and green are 9/16 , 3/16 , 3/16, and 1/16 , respectively. If, from 160 independent observations, the observed frequencies of these respective classifications are 86, 35, 26, and 13, are these data consistent with the Mendelian theory? That is, test, with α = 0.01, the hypothesis that the respective probabilities are 9/16 , 3/16 , 3/16, and 1/16.