A start-up company is based on the development of a material that can be used to make recyclable carbon fiber composites. This allows snowboards and scraps from snowboard production to be recycled to be used again. The recycled materials are sent back into the snowboard industry and other industries that use the same material in production. The recycling process produces water containing sodium acetate, which is considered waste. 

1. What level of industrial symbiosis is presented in the example?

2. Propose a way in which the sodium acetate water could be used again instead of being waste. 

3. Why might another business be hesitant to use the wastewater and recycled materials? 

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Table 19.5 Industrial processes in an eco-industrial park in Kymenlaasko, Finland [9]. Process Pulp and paper plant Chlorine dioxide plant Power plant Local energy plant Calcium carbonate plant Municipal waste water treatment plant Hydrogen peroxide plant Landfill Inputs Outputs Chlorine dioxide, sodium Steam, water, sodium hydroxide, chlorine, steam, hydroxide, biomaterials (fuel), electricity, heat, water (fresh or sewage sludge, miscellaneous waste), hydrogen peroxide, inert waste, electricity, carbon dioxide calcium carbonate Steam, water, external inputs Chlorine, sodium hydroxide, chlorine dioxide, waste water, waste District heat and electricity, waste water, steam, electricity, heat Sewage sludge, sodium hydroxide, biomaterials as fuel District heat and electricity Carbon dioxide, steam, electricity, water Electricity None Miscellaneous waste, miscellaneous inert waste, waste, ash Electricity Waste water, calcium carbonate, miscellaneous waste Sewage sludge Hydrogen peroxide, waste water None