Consider the diff-amp shown in Figure P11.48. Assume \(\lambda_{1}=\lambda_{2}=0\) and assume the current source has an output resistance of \(R_{o}\).

(a) Derive the expression for the differential-mode voltage gain \(A_{d}=\Delta v_{O} / v_{d}\) where \(v_{d}=v_{1}-v_{2}\).

(b) Derive the expression for the common-mode voltage gain \(A_{c m}=\Delta v_{O} / v_{c m}\) where \(v_{c m}=\left(v_{1}+v_{2}\right) / 2\).

V+ www Rp1 ovo RL M M2 Figure P11.48