The transport properties of a thermoelectric material of cross-section area A and length L are defined by the transport equations,in conformity with relations (11.92), where ∇_μe = 0, and (11.95). The efficiency η of the thermoelectric material is defined as,where P_Q is the heat entering at the hot end and P_q is the electric power defined as,Write the efficiency η in terms of the ratio [189],where I is the electric current flowing through the thermoelectric material. In the limit where the thermoelectric effect is much smaller than the thermal power, i.e. r ε The coefficient σ ε2/κ T+ is called the ‘ZT coefficient’ of the thermoelectric material. The term in brackets is the Carnot efficiency.

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