Blue Water Sails, Inc. (BWS), manufactures sailcloth used by sailmakers that produce sails for sailboats. BWS's sailcloth is the conventional polyester-based sail material and is used widely in recreational boating. Sailmakers throughout the world use BWS's sailcloth. The manufacture of sailcloth has a small number of processes, and BWS integrates them carefully so that there is very little work-in-process inventory. The product is measured in yards of cloth, which is prepared in rolls 42 inches wide. Because it has little work-in-process inventory, BWS also uses back flush accounting to simplify the accounting for its operations. BWS has the following information for the most recent accounting period. The beginning inventory of polyester fiber was $142,000 and the ending inventory was $185,000.

Polyester fiber purchased................................................ $710,000

Conversion cost incurred................................................$1,450,000

Direct materials standard cost............................ $4.25 per yard of cloth

Conversion standard cost................................. $8.50 per yard of cloth

Units produced........................................... 155,000 yards of cloth

Required

1. Show the entries for manufacturing costs, completion of 155,000 yards of product, and the closing entries.

2. Under what conditions is back flush costing used in practice?