Catalytic antibodies catalyze a reaction by binding to the transition state, thereby stabilizing it. As a result, the energy of activation is lowered and the reaction goes faster. The synthesis of the antibody is carried out in the presence of a transition state analog-a stable molecule that structurally resembles the transition state. This causes an antibody to be generated that will recognize and bind to the transition state. For example, the following transition state analog has been used to generate a catalytic antibody that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the structurally similar ester:

a. Draw the transition state for the hydrolysis reaction.
b. The following transition state analog is used to generate a catalytic antibody for the catalysis of ester hydrolysis. Give the structure of an ester whose rate of hydrolysis would be increased by this catalytic antibody.

c. Design a transition state analog that would catalyze amide hydrolysis at the amide group indicated

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0 O HO NO, transition state analog 0 HO Ho H20 0 NO2 OH HO NO -No, но НС NH- hydrolyze here