Questions and Answers of Artificial Intelligence

What is the control step in DMAIC?
What is a robust design in Taguchi's quality engineering?
What is ISO 9000?
What are the three main objectives of Total Quality Management?
What do the terms external customer and internal customer mean?
Manufacturing process variations can be divided into two types: (1) random and (2) assignable. Distinguish between these two types.
What is meant by the term process capability?
What is a control chart?
What are the two basic types of control charts?
What is a histogram?
A turning process is in statistical control and the output is normally distributed, producing parts with a mean diameter = 30.020 mm and a standard deviation = 0.040 mm. Determine the process
A p chart is to be constructed. Six samples of 25 parts each have been collected, and the average number of defects per sample = 2.75. Determine the center, LCL and UCL for the p chart.
Ten samples of equal size are taken to prepare a p chart. The total number of parts in these ten samples was 900 and the total number of defects counted was 117. Determine the center, LCL and UCL for
The yield of good chips during a certain step in silicon processing of integrated circuits averages 91%. The number of chips per wafer is 200. Determine the center, LCL, and UCL for the p chart that
The upper and lower control limits for a p chart are: LCL = 0.10 and UCL = 0.24. Determine the sample size n that is used with this control chart.
The upper and lower control limits for a p chart are: LCL = 0 and UCL = 0.20. The center line of the p chart is at 0.10. Determine the sample size n that is compatible with this control chart.
Twelve cars were inspected after final assembly. The number of defects found ranged between 87 and 139 defect per car with an average of 116. Determine the center and upper and lower control limits
For each of the three control charts, identify whether or not there is evidence that the process depicted is out of control.
A garment manufacturer produces 22 different coat styles, and every year new coat styles are introduced and old styles are discarded. Whatever the style, the final inspection department checks each
A producer of cell phones checks each phone prior to packaging, using seven critical-to-quality (CTQ) characteristics that are deemed important to customers. Last year, out of 205,438 phones produced
The inspection department in an automobile final assembly plant checks cars coming off the line against 85 features that are considered critical-to-quality characteristics for customer satisfaction.
In previous problem 20.1, the design specification on the part is that the diameter = 30.000 ( 0.150 mm. (a) What proportion of parts fall outside the tolerance limits? (b) If the process is adjusted
A digital camera maker produces three different models: (1) base model, (2) zoom model, and (3) zoom model with extra memory. Data for the three models are shown in the table below. The three models
A certain part dimension on a power garden tool is specified as 25.50 ( 0.30 mm. Company repair records indicate that if the (0.30 mm tolerance is exceeded, there is a 75% chance that the product
The design specification on the resistance setting for an electronic component is 0.50 (0.02 ohm. If the component is scrapped, the company suffers a $200 cost. (a) What is the implied value of the
The Taguchi quadratic loss function for a particular component in a piece of earth moving equipment is L(x) = 3500(x - N)2 , where x = the actual value of a critical dimension and N is the nominal
The Taguchi loss function for a certain component is given by L(x) = 8000(x - N)2, where x = the actual value of a dimension of critical importance and N is its nominal value. Company management has
Two alternative manufacturing processes, A and B, can be used to produce a certain dimension on one of the parts in an assembled product. Both processes can produce parts with an average dimension at
Solve previous problem 20.25, except that the tolerance on the dimension is ( 0.30 mm rather than ( 0.15 mm. Problem 20.25 Two alternative manufacturing processes, A and B, can be used to produce a
Solve previous problem 20.25, except that the average value of the dimension produced by process B is 0.10 mm greater than the nominal value specified. The average value of the dimension produced by
Two different manufacturing processes, A and B, can be used to produce a certain component. The specification on the dimension of interest is 100.00 mm ( 0.20 mm. The output of process A follows the
An automated tube bending operation produces parts with an included angle = 91.2(. The process is in statistical control and the values of included angle are normally distributed with a standard
A plastic extrusion process is in statistical control and the output is normally distributed. Extrudate is produced with a critical cross-sectional dimension = 28.6 mm and standard deviation = 0.53
In previous problem 20.4, the design specification on the part is that the critical cross-sectional dimension = 28.0 ( 2.0 mm. (a) What proportion of parts fall outside the tolerance limits? (b) If
Seven samples of 5 parts each have been collected from an extrusion process which is in statistical control, and the diameter of the extrudate has been measured for each part.
Ten samples of size n = 8 have been collected from a process in statistical control, and the dimension of interest has been measured for each part.
(b) Lower and upper control limits for the R chart.
(b) Lower and upper control limits for the R chart.
What is inspection?
What is the difference between off-line inspection and on-line inspection?
Under what circumstances is process monitoring a suitable alternative to actual inspection of the quality characteristic of the part or product?
What is the difference between distributed inspection and final inspection in quality control?
Briefly define the two basic types of inspection.
What are the four steps in a typical inspection procedure?
What are the Type I and Type II errors that can occur in inspection?
What is quality control testing as distinguished from inspection?
What are the Type I and Type II statistical errors that can occur in acceptance sampling?
Describe what an operating characteristic curve is in acceptance sampling.
What are the two problems associated with 100% manual inspection?
What are the three ways in which an inspection procedure can be automated?
(a) An inspector reported a total of 18 defects out of a total batch size of 250 parts. On closer examination, it was determined that 5 of these reported defects were in fact good pieces, while a
A certain industrial process can be depicted by the diagram below. Operation 1 is a disassembly process in which each unit of raw material is separated into one unit each of parts A and B. These
A certain component is produced in three sequential operations. Operation 1 produces defects at a rate q1 = 5%. Operation 2 produces defects at a rate q2 = 8%. Operation 3 produces defects at a rate
An industrial process can be depicted as in the diagram below. Two components are made, respectively, by operations 1 and 2, and then assembled together in operation 3. Scrap rates are as follows: q1
Two inspection alternatives are to be compared for a processing sequence consisting of 20 operations performed on a batch of 100 starting parts: (1) one final inspection and sortation operation
In the preceding problem, instead of inspecting and sorting after every operation, the 20 operations will be divided into groups of five, with inspections after operations 5, 10, 15, and 20.
A processing sequence consists of 10 operations, each of which is followed by an inspection and sortation operation to detect and remove defects generated in the processing operation. Defects in each
This problem is intended to show the merits of a partially distributed inspection systems in which inspections are placed after processing steps that generate a high fraction defect rate. The
A batch of 1000 parts has been produced and a decision is needed whether to 100% inspect the batch or not. Past history with this part suggests that the fraction defect rate is around 0.02.
Given the data from the preceding problem, sampling inspection is being considered as an alternative to 100% inspection. The sampling plan calls for a sample of 50 parts to be drawn at random from
For the preceding problem, develop a table of outcomes similar in format in the text. The entries in the table should represent the probabilities of the various possible outcomes in the inspection
Develop a table of outcomes similar in format in the text. The entries will be the probabilities of the various possible outcomes in the inspection operation.
An inspector's accuracy has been assessed as follows: p1 = 0.94 and p2 = 0.80. The inspector is given the task of inspecting a batch of 200 parts and sorting out the defects from good units. If the
An inspector must 100% inspects a production batch of 500 parts using a gagging method. If the actual fraction defect rate in the batch is q = 0.02, and the inspector's accuracy is given by p1 = 0.96
A batch of 10,000 raw work units is processed through 15 operations, each of which has a fraction defect rate of 0.03. How many defect-free units and how many defects are in the final batch?
A silicon wafer has a total of 400 integrated circuits (ICs) at the beginning of its fabrication sequence. A total of 80 operations are used to complete the integrated circuits, each of which
A batch of work parts is processed through a sequence of nine processing operations, which have fraction defect rates of 0.03, 0.05, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.01, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.07, respectively. A
A production line consists of six workstations, as shown in the accompanying figure. The six stations are as follows: (1) First manufacturing process, scrap rate is q1 = 0.10; (2) Inspection for
Name the four categories into which the methods of operating and controlling a CMM can be classified.
What does the term reverse engineering mean in the context of coordinate measuring machines?
The text lists seven characteristics of potential applications for which CMMs are most appropriate. Name four of the seven characteristics.
What are some of the arguments and objections to the use of inspection probes mounted in tool holders on machine tools?
What is the most common method used to measure surfaces of a part?
The operation of a machine vision system can be divided into three functions. Name and briefly describe them.
What is an optical comparator?
What is the difference between accuracy and precision in measurement? Define these two terms.
What is meant by the term contact inspection?
What are some of the advantages of noncontact inspection?
What is meant by the term coordinate metrology?
What are the two basic components of a coordinate measuring machine?
Two point locations corresponding to a certain length dimension have been measured by a coordinate measuring machine in the x-y plane. The coordinates of the first end are (12.511, 2.273), and the
A solid-state camera has a 256 x 256 pixel matrix. The analogtodigital converter takes 0.20 microseconds (0.20 x 10-6 sec) to convert the analog charge signal for each pixel into the corresponding
The pixel count of a solid-state camera is 500 x 582. Each pixel is converted from an analog voltage signal to the corresponding digital signal by an analogtodigital converter. The conversion
A high-resolution solid state camera is to have a 1035 x 1320 pixel matrix. An image processing rate of 30 times per second must be achieved, or 0.0333 sec per frame. To allow for time lost in other
A solid-state camera system has 512 x 512 picture elements. All pixels are converted sequentially by an ADC and read into the frame buffer for processing. The machine vision system will operate at
A scanning laser device, similar to the one shown in Figure 22.12, is to be used to measure the diameter of shafts that are ground in a center less grinding operation. The part has a diameter of
Triangulation computations are to be used to determine the distance of parts moving on a conveyor. The setup of the optical measuring apparatus is as illustrated in the text. The angle between the
The coordinates at the two ends of a certain length dimension have been measured by a CMM. The coordinates of the first end are (120.5, 50.2, 20.2), and the coordinates of the opposite end are (23.1,
Three point locations on the surface of a drilled hole have been measured by a CMM in the x-y axes. The three coordinates are: (16.42, 17.17), (20.20, 11.85), and (24.08, 16.54), where the units are
Three point locations on the surface of a cylinder have been measured by a coordinate measuring machine. The cylinder is positioned so that its axis is perpendicular to the x-y plane. The three
Two points on a line have been measured by a CMM in the x-y plane. The point locations have the following coordinates: (12.257, 2.550) and (3.341, -10.294), where the units are inches and the
Two points on a line are measured by a CMM in the x-y plane. The points have the following coordinates: (100.24, 20.57) and (50.44, 60.46), where the units are mm. The given coordinates have been
The coordinates of the intersection of two lines are to be determined using a CMM to define the equations for the two lines. The two lines are the edges of a machined part, and the intersection
Two of the edges of a rectangular part are represented by two lines in the x-y plane on a CMM worktable, as illustrated in. It is desired to mathematically redefine the coordinate system so that the
Three point locations on the flat surface of a part have been measured by a CMM. The three point locations are (225.21, 150.23, 40.17), (14.24, 140.92, 38.29), and (12.56, 22.75, 38.02), where the
What are manufacturing support systems?
What is the difference between CAD/CAM and CIM?
What is quality function deployment?
What are the six phases of the general design process?
What is computer-aided design?

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