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computer sciences
systems analysis and design

Questions and Answers of Systems Analysis And Design

Describe the primary deliverable produced during program design. What does it include and how is it used?
What is the purpose of the structure chart in program design?
Where does the analyst find the information needed to create a structure chart?
Distinguish between a control module, subordinate module, and library module on a structure chart. Can a particular module be all three? Why or why not?
What does a data couple depict on a structure chart? A control couple?
It is preferable for a control couple to flow in one particular direction on the structure chart. Which direction is preferred, and why?
What is the difference between a transaction structure and a transform structure? Can a module be a part of both types of structures? Why or why not?
What is meant by the characteristic of module cohesion? What is its role in structure chart quality?
List the seven types of cohesion. Why do the various types of cohesion range from good to bad? Give an example of good coupling and an example of bad coupling.
What is meant by the characteristic of module coupling? What is its role in structure chart quality?
What are the five types of coupling? Give an example of good coupling and an example of bad coupling.
What is meant by the characteristics of fan-in and fan-out? What are their roles in structure chart quality?
List and discuss three ways to ensure the overall quality of a structure chart.
Describe the purpose of program specifications.
What is the difference between structured programming and event-driven programming?
Is program design more or less important when using event-driven languages such as Visual Basic?
Draw a physical level 0 data flow diagram (DFD) for the following dentist office system, and compare it with the logical model that you created in Chapter 5: Whenever new patients are seen for the
Create a physical level 0 DFD for the following, and compare it with the logical model that you created in Chapter 5: A Real Estate Inc. (AREI) sells houses. People who want to sell their houses sign
Draw a physical level 0 DFD for the following system and compare it with the logical model that you created in Chapter 5. A Video Store (AVS) runs a series of fairly standard video stores. Before a
What symbols would you use to depict the following situations on a structure chart?• A function occurs multiple times before the next module is invoked.• A function is continued on the bottom of
Describe the differences in the meanings between the two structure charts shown. How have the symbols changed themeanings?
Create a structure chart based on the data flow diagrams (DFDs) that you created for the following exercises in Chapter 5:• Question D• Question E• Question F• Question G• Question H
Critique the structure chart shown, which depicts a guest making a hotel reservation. Describe the chart in terms of fan-in, fan-out, coupling, and cohesion. Redraw the chart to improve thedesign.
Identify the kinds of coupling that are represented in the followingsituations:
Identify whether the following structures are transaction or transform and explain the reasoning behind your answers.
Create a program specification for module 1.1.3.1 on the structure chart inFigure.
Create a program specification for module 1.2.3.4 on the structure chart in Figure.
Create pseudocode for the program specification that you wrote in Exercise K.
Create pseudocode for the program specification that you wrote in Exercise L.
In the new system for Holiday Travel Vehicles, the system users follow a two-stage process to record complete information on all of the vehicles sold. When an RV or trailer first arrives at the
Develop a program specification for Module 4.2.5 (Calculate Dealer Cost) in minicase 1.
Pretend that you are building a Web-based system for the admissions office at your university. The system will be used to accept electronic applications from students. All the data for the system
In Chapter 6, you were asked to create a logical entity relationship diagram (ERD) for a charter company that owns boats that are used to charter trips to the islands ("Your Turn 6-8"). The company
A major public university graduates approximately 10,000 students per year, and its development office has decided to build a Web-based system that solicits and tracks donations from the university's
A Virginia-based mail-order company sends out approximately 25 million catalogs each year, using a customer table with 10 million names. Although the primary key of the customer table is customer
Describe the two steps to data storage design.
How are a file and a database different from each other?
What is the difference between an end-user database and an enterprise database? Provide an example of each one.
Name five types of files, and describe the primary purpose of each type.
Name two types of legacy databases and the main problems associated with each type.
What is the most popular kind of database today? Provide three examples of products that are based on this technology.
What is referential integrity, and how is it implemented in a relational database?
What is the biggest strength of the object database? Describe two of its weaknesses.
How does the multidimensional database store data?
What are the two most important factors in determining the type of data storage format that should be adopted for a system? Why are these factors so important?
Why should you consider the storage formats that already exist in an organization when deciding on a storage format for a new system?
What are the differences between the logical and physical ERDS?
Describe the metadata associated with the physical ERD.
Describe the purpose of the primary and foreign keys.
Name three ways that null values in a database can be interpreted. Why is this problematic?
What are the two dimensions in which to optimize a relational database?
What is the purpose of normalization?
Describe three situations that can be good candidates for denormalization.
Describe several techniques that can improve performance of a database.
What is the difference between interfile and intrafile clustering? Why are they used?
What is an index, and how can it improve the performance of a system?
Describe what should be considered when estimating the size of a database.
Why is it important to understand the initial and projected size of a database during the design phase?
What are the key issues in deciding between using perfectly normalized databases and denormalized databases?
Visit a commercial Web site (e.g., CDnow, Amazon. com). If files were being used to store the data supporting the application, what types of files would be needed? What data would they contain?
You have been given a file that contains fields relating to CD information. Using the steps of normalization, create a logical data model that represents this file in third normal form. The fields
Jim Smith's dealership sells Fords, Hondas, and Toyotas. The dealership keeps information about each car manufacturer with whom it deals so that employees can get in touch with manufacturers easily.
Describe how you would denormalize the model that you created in question E. Draw the new physical model on the basis of your suggested changes. How would performance be affected by your suggestions?
Examine the physical data model that you created in question F. Develop a clustering and indexing strategy for this model. Describe how your strategy will improve the performance of the database.
Calculate the size of the database that you created in question F. Provide size estimates for the initial size of the database as well as for the database in one year's time. Assume that the
Draw a physical process model (just the processes and data stores) for the following CRUDmatrix:
In the new system under development for Holiday Travel Vehicles, seven tables will be implemented in the new relational database. These tables are New Vehicle, Trade-in Vehicle, Sales Invoice,
Pretend that you are a project manager for a bank developing software for automated teller machines (ATMs). Develop a unit test plan for the user interface component of the ATM.
Pretend that you are a project manager for a bank, developing software for automated teller machines. Develop an online help system.
My first programming job in 1977 was to convert a set of application systems from one version of COBOL to another version of COBOL for the government of Prince Edward Island. The testing approach was
A consulting project involved a credit card “bottom feeder” (let’s call it Credit Wonder). This company bought credit card accounts that were written off as uncollectable debts by major banks.
Systems integration across platforms and companies grows more complex with time. In a case study from Florida in 2008, an electrical company realtime system detected a minor problem in the power grid
Discuss the issues the project manager must consider when assigning programming tasks to the programmers.
If the project manager feels that programming is falling behind schedule, should more programmers be assigned to the project? Why or why not?
Describe the typical way that project managers organize the programmers' work storage areas. Why is this approach useful?
What is meant by change control? How is it helpful to the programming effort?
Discuss why testing is so essential to the development of the new system.
Explain how a test case relates to a test plan.
What is the primary goal of unit testing?
How are test cases developed for unit tests?
What is the primary goal of integration testing?
Describe the four approaches to integration testing.
How are the test cases developed for integration tests?
Compare and contrast black-box testing and whitebox testing.
Compare and contrast system testing and acceptance testing.
Describe the five approaches to systems testing.
Discuss the role user’s play in testing.
What is the difference between alpha testing and beta testing?
Explain the difference between user documentation and system documentation.
What are the reasons underlying the popularity of online documentation?
Are there any limitations to online documentation? Explain.
Distinguish between these types of user documentation: reference documents, procedures manuals, and tutorials.
Describe the five types of documentation navigation controls.
What are the commonly used sources of documentation topics? Which is the most important? Why?
What are the commonly used sources of documentation navigation controls? Which is the most important? Why?
What do you think are three common mistakes made by novice systems analysts during programming and testing?
What do you think are three common mistakes made by novice systems analysts in preparing user documentation?
In our experience, documentation is left to the very end of most projects. Why do you think this happens? How could it be avoided?
In our experience, few organizations perform as thorough testing as they should. Why do you think this happens? How could it be avoided?
Create several guidelines for developing good documentation.

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