Discuss two examples of reverse innovation for nontechnology products. Reverse innovation, innovation blowback, and trickle-up innovation are

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Discuss two examples of reverse innovation for nontechnology products. “Reverse innovation,” “innovation blowback,” and “trickle-up innovation” are terms used to describe the process by which innovations developed to meet the needs of emerging markets make their way into developed markets. Traditionally, innovations are birthed in developed countries, with older models later offered in lower-income markets, such as India and China. Although many “bottom of the pyramid” emerging markets are low on the economic food chain, they are large in numbers, providing opportunities for businesses that meet growing needs at an affordable price. GE, the dominant maker of expensive electrocardiograph (ECG) machines sold to hospitals, developed a lower-priced, small, battery-powered ECG machine for use in India and China. GE then marketed this product to primary care doctors, visiting nurses, and rural hospitals and clinics in the United States. Reverse innovation is not limited to technological products; it can apply to products as basic as yogurt.


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Principles of Marketing

ISBN: 978-0132167123

14th Edition

Authors: Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong

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