What are the four important elements of African American policing? Long-term struggles for social change, desire for acceptance, motivations of white authorities, specific hiring criteria Long-term struggles for social change, lack of training, motivations of white authorities, specific hiring criteria Desire for acceptance, motivations of white authorities, specific hiring criteria, lack of training Desire for acceptance, motivations of white authorities, lack of training, specific hiring criteria

Long-term struggles for social change, desire for acceptance, motivations of white authorities, specific hiring criteria

What was the fulcrum of political power in May 1867 regarding African American police officers? The New Orleans Tribune's concern about lack of Black officers and threat to elect an African American Mayor The creation of African American-led political parties The appointment of African American judges in southern states The establishment of the first African American police force in New York

The New Orleans Tribune's concern about lack of Black officers and threat to elect an African American Mayor

What strategies were used to make African American officers virtually invisible to the white public? Patrolling in plainclothes, assigning them to administrative duties, different application positions Requiring a white officer to arrest a white person, assigning them to administrative duties, different application positions Assigning them to administrative duties, requiring a white officer to arrest a white person, different application positions Patrolling in plainclothes, requiring a white officer to arrest a white person, different application positions

Patrolling in plainclothes, requiring a white officer to arrest a white person, different application positions

How did the reform movement negatively impact African American police employment? By reducing the number of available positions By enforcing stricter uniform policies By increasing the number of required training hours By introducing biased civil service testing and physical exams, except in Chicago

By introducing biased civil service testing and physical exams, except in Chicago

What actions did African Americans take in the 1940s-1950s to challenge segregation and discrimination in policing? Establishing independent African American police forces Lobbying for federal intervention in local police matters Organizing protests and boycotts against police departments Pressuring black politicians and organizations to increase the number and duties of African American officers

Pressuring black politicians and organizations to increase the number and duties of African American officers

Why did many African American civilians view Black police officers as part of the problem? Because they enforced segregation laws and were seen as betraying their race Because they were often corrupt Because they were not visible in the community Because they were not effective in reducing crime

Because they enforced segregation laws and were seen as betraying their race

What role did early formed associations for Black officers play in conflicts? They remained neutral and did not participate They were often forced to choose sides, such as the Texas Peace Officers Assoc. and Miami Colored Police Benevolent Assoc. They dissolved due to internal disagreements They mediated between conflicting parties

They were often forced to choose sides, such as the Texas Peace Officers Assoc. and Miami Colored Police Benevolent Assoc.

What was the Texas Peace Officer's Association's role in the struggle for African American police status? It organized community outreach programs It focused on social events and networking It provided legal assistance to officers It was heavily involved in increasing African American police officer status in the south

It was heavily involved in increasing African American police officer status in the south

What was the Miami Colored Police Benevolent Association's contribution to improving conditions for Black officers? It filed one of the earliest racial discrimination civil rights suits against a police department It provided scholarships for police training It organized annual conferences for Black officers It established a pension fund for retired officers

It filed one of the earliest racial discrimination civil rights suits against a police department

African American Policing History: Challenges, Organizations, and Civil Rights Struggles

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Sociology - Ethnic Studies

jake12testoswi Created by 10 mon ago

Cards in this deck(38)

What are the four important elements of African American policing?

What was the fulcrum of political power in May 1867 regarding African American police officers?

What strategies were used to make African American officers virtually invisible to the white public?

How did the reform movement negatively impact African American police employment?

Is it true that racism and racial conflict remain a serious problem?

What actions did African Americans take in the 1940s-1950s to challenge segregation and discrimination in policing?

Why did many African American civilians view Black police officers as part of the problem?

What role did early formed associations for Black officers play in conflicts?

What was the Texas Peace Officer's Association's role in the struggle for African American police status?

What was the Miami Colored Police Benevolent Association's contribution to improving conditions for Black officers?

What was the mission of the Guardians Association formed between 1943-1949?

What was the goal of the Guardians Civil League formed in 1956 in Philadelphia?

What was the purpose of the Officers for Justice Peace Officers' Association in San Francisco?

What did the 1983 investigation by the House Judiciary Committee reveal about racial tension in the NYPD?

How did putting African Americans into high-power positions help in the advancement of young police officers?

With more African Americans gaining authority, there was more _____?

What factors influenced the decision-making of African Americans as social control agents?

Who was strongly against African Americans gaining representation in police departments?

What was a reason for objection to African American police during the Preindustrial Era?

What were Black police and militia effective at during the Preindustrial Era?

What role did African American police play during Reconstruction?

Why did police chiefs in the South justify retaining African Americans on the force in the 1940s?

In whose eyes is legitimacy important for policing?

Why was establishing goodwill and legitimacy in police important in urban minorities after the 1960s rebellions?

Why were African American officers employed according to the text?

What did the Kerner Report (1968) recommend regarding African American police officers?

Who influences whom in the context of African American policing?

Is it true that Black communities often thought of Black officers as a betrayal?

What values and principles are Black police officers more likely to exhibit?

How did the departmental subculture affect African American officers' behavior towards Black citizens?

Who was Clarence White and what was his significance?

What impact did the appointment of African American police chiefs have on police accountability?

What happened to Chief Willie Williams and what does it signify about structural conditions in policing?

What is the stereotype about African American police officers and what is the reality?

According to Michael Birzer's 2008 study, what characteristics define a 'good police officer'?

What are Black officers more likely to exhibit according to the text?

How do White officers view the Black community in terms of policing?

How have police shooting deaths of African Americans affected Black officers?

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African American Policing History: Challenges, Organizations, and Civil Rights Struggles

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