Monochlorobenzene (M) is produced commercially by the direct catalytic chlorination of benzene at 40?C and 120 kPa absolute. In the process, dichlorobenzene (D) is generated as a co product: Liquid and gas streams leave the reactor. The liquid contains 49.2 wt% M, 29.6% D, and the remainder un-reacted B. The gas, which is sent to a treatment facility, contains 92% (v/v) HC1 and 8% un-reacted chlorine.

(a) What volume of gas leaves the reactor (m³/kg B fed)?

(b) The pipe through which the gas is to flow is sized so that the gas velocity is no greater than 10m/s. Derive an expression relating pipe diameter d (cm) to benzene feed rate m_B0 (kg B/mm).

(c) In 1996, the demand for Monochlorobenzene was projected to decrease by 6%/year through the year 2000. What factors were contributing to the reduced demand when the projection was made?

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C6H6+ Cl₂ C6H₂Cl + Cl₂ → CH₂Cl₂ C6H₂Cl + HCI + HCl