The first-order differential equation dy/dx = x 2 + y 2 cannot be solved in terms of

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The first-order differential equation dy/dx = x2 + y2 cannot be solved in terms of elementary functions. However, a solution can be expressed in terms of Bessel functions.

(a) Show that the substitution y = -1/u du/dx leads to the equation u'' + x2u = 0.

(b) Use (18) in Section 6.4 to find the general solution of u'' + x2u = 0.

(c) Use (20) and (21) in Section 6.4 in the forms

J,(x) = J,(x) – Jrt1(x) and J',(x) = --J,(x) + J,-(x)


as an aid to show that a one-parameter family of solutions of dy/dx = x2 + y2 is given by

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