Mind On Statistics 4th Edition David D Busch, Jessica M Utts, Robert F Heckard - Solutions

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Construct an ordered array, given the following data from a sample of n = 7 midterm exam scores in accounting:68 94 63 75 71 88 64
Do social recommendations increase ad effectiveness? A study of online video viewers compared viewers who arrived at an advertising video for a particular brand by following a social media recommendation link to viewers who arrived at the same video by web browsing. Data were collected on whether
A study of Kickstarter projects showed that 54.2% were successful, that is, achieved its goal and raised at least the targeted goal amount. In an effort to identify network dynamics that influences success, projects were subdivided into projects of owners who had backed other projects before,
A survey of 1,085 adults asked “Do you enjoy shopping for clothing for yourself?” The results indicated that 51% of the females enjoyed shopping for clothing for themselves as compared to 44% of the males. (Data extracted from “Split Decision on Clothes Shopping,” USA Today, January 28,
Visier’s Survey of Employers explores how North American organizations are solving the challenges of delivering workforce analytics. Employers were asked what would help them be successful with human resources metrics and reports. The responses (stored in needs ) were as follows:
The following table represents world oil production in millions of barrels a day in 2013:a. Compute the percentage of values in each category.b. What conclusions can you reach concerning the production of oil in 2013?
The 2013 Mortimer Spinks and Computer Weekly Technology Survey reflects the views of technology and digital experts across the United Kingdom (bit.ly/WS4jg3). Respondents were asked, “What is the most important factor influencing the success of a tech start-up?” Assume the following results:
The Edmunds.com NhTSA Complaints Activity Report contains consumer vehicle complaint submissions by automaker, brand, and category (data extracted from edmu.in/Ybmpuz). The following table, stored in automaker1 , represents complaints received by automaker for January 2013.
The following table, stored in Smartphone Sales , represents the annual market share of smartphones, by type, for the years 2011, 2012, and 2013.a. What conclusions can you reach about the market for smartphones in 2011, 2012, and 2013?b. What differences are there in the market for smartphones in
The following data represent the responses to two questions asked in a survey of 40 college students majoring in business:What is your gender? 1M = male; F = female2 and What is your major? (A = Accounting; C = Computer Information Systems; M = Marketing):
A categorical variable has three categories, with the following frequencies of occurrence:a. Compute the percentage of values in each category.b. What conclusions can you reach concerning the categories?
Which variables are discrete numerical variables?
Which variables in the survey are numerical?
Which variables in the survey are categorical?
In their suggestions and directions, the AMS managers have named a number of possible variables to study, but offered no operational definitions for those variables.What types of possible misunderstandings could arise if the team and managers do not first properly define each variable cited?
What type of data collection techniques might the team employ?
What type of data source would the company’s own historical data be? Identify other possible data sources that the research team might use to examine the current marketplace for residential broadband services in a city such as Ashland.
A manufacturer of cat food is planning to survey households in the United States to determine purchasing habits of cat owners.Among the variables to be collected are the following:i. The primary place of purchase for cat food ii. Whether dry or moist cat food is purchased iii. The number of cats
Three professors examined awareness of four widely disseminated retirement rules among employees at the University of Utah.These rules provide simple answers to questions about retirement planning (r. N. Mayer, C. D. Zick, and M. Glaittle, “public Awareness of retirement planning rules of
Download and examine the U.S. Census Bureau’s “Business and professional Classification Survey (SQ-CLASS),” available through the Get Help with Your Form link at www.census.gov/econ/.a. Give an example of a categorical variable included in the survey.b. Give an example of a numerical variable
The Data and Story Library (DASL) is an online library of data files and stories that illustrate the use of basic statistical methods. Visit lib.stat.cmu.edu/index.php, click DASL, and explore a data set of interest to you.a. Describe a variable in the data set you selected.b. Is the variable
A recent pwC Supply Global Chain survey indicated that companies that acknowledge the supply chain as a strategic asset achieve 70% higher performance. The “Leaders” in the survey point to nextgeneration supply chains, which are fast, flexible, and responsive. They are more concerned with
The Gallup organization releases the results of recent polls at its website, www.gallup.com. Visit this site and read an article of interest.a. Describe the population of interest.b. Describe the sample that was collected.c. Describe a parameter of interest.d. Describe the statistic used to
results of a 2013 Adobe Systems study on retail apps and buying habits reveals insights on perceptions and attitudes toward mobile shopping using retail apps and browsers, providing new direction for retailers to develop their digital publishing strategies.Increased consumer interest in using
Visit the official website for either Excel (www.office.microsoft.com/excel) or Minitab (www.minitab.com/products/minitab). read about the program you chose and then think about the ways the program could be useful in statistical analysis.
What is the difference between probability sampling and nonprobability sampling?
What is the difference between a discrete numerical variable and a continuous numerical variable?
What is the difference between a categorical variable and a numerical variable?
What is the difference between a statistic and a parameter?
What is the difference between a sample and a population?
A recent survey points to a next generation of consumers seeking a more mobile TV experience. The 2013 KpMG International Consumer Media Behavior study found that while TV is still the most popular media activity with 88% of U.S.consumers watching TV, a relatively high proportion of U.S. consumers,
A recent pwC Supply Global Chain survey indicated that companies that acknowledge the supply chain as a strategic asset achieve 70% higher performance (pwc.to/VaFpGz). The“Leaders” in the survey point to next-generation supply chains, which are fast, flexible, and responsive. They are more
The results of a 2013 Adobe Systems study on retail apps and buying habits reveal insights on perceptions and attitudes toward mobile shopping using retail apps and browsers, providing new direction for retailers to develop their digital publishing strategies (adobe.ly/11gt8Rq). Increased consumer
A simple random sample of n = 300 full-time employees is selected from a company list containing the names of all N = 5,000 full-time employees in order to evaluate job satisfaction.a. Give an example of possible coverage error.b. Give an example of possible nonresponse error.c. Give an example of
A survey indicates that the vast majority of college students own their own personal computers. What information would you want to know before you accepted the results of this survey?
Suppose that 10,000 customers in a retailer’s customer database are categorized by three customer types: 3,500 prospective buyers, 4,500 first time buyers, and 2,000 repeat (loyal) buyers.A sample of 1,000 customers is needed.a. What type of sampling should you do? Why?b. Explain how you would
prenumbered sales invoices are kept in a sales journal. The invoices are numbered from 0001 to 5000.a. Beginning in row 16, column 01, and proceeding horizontally in a table of random numbers (Table E.1), select a simple random sample of 50 invoice numbers.b. Select a systematic sample of 50
The registrar of a university with a population of N = 4,000 full-time students is asked by the president to conduct a survey to measure satisfaction with the quality of life on campus. The following table contains a breakdown of the 4,000 registered full-time students, by gender and class
with the procedure described in this problem.)
A population has four members (called A, B, C, and D). You would like to select a random sample of n = 2, which you decide to do in the following way: Flip a coin; if it is heads, the sample will be items A and B; if it is tails, the sample will be items C and D.Although this is a random sample, it
You want to select a random sample of n = 1 from a population of three items (which are called A, B, and C). The rule for selecting the sample is as follows: Flip a coin; if it is heads, pick item A; if it is tails, flip the coin again; this time, if it is heads, choose B; if it is tails, choose C.
For a study that consists of personal interviews with participants (rather than mail or phone surveys), explain why simple random sampling might be less practical than some other sampling methods.
Given a population of N = 93, starting in row 29, column 01 of the table of random numbers (Table E.1), and reading across the row, select a sample of N = 15a. without replacement.b. with replacement.
For a population of N = 902, verify that by starting in row 05, column 01 of the table of random numbers (Table E.1), you need only six rows to select a sample of N = 60 without replacement.
For a population containing N = 902 individuals, what code number would you assign fora. the first person on the list?b. the fortieth person on the list?c. the last person on the list?
Visit the opening page of the Statistics portal “Statista” at(statista.com). Examine the “CHArT OF THE DAY” panel on the page. What type of data source is the information presented here based on?
Transportation engineers and planners want to address the dynamic properties of travel behavior by describing in detail the driving characteristics of drivers over the course of a month. What type of data collection source do you think the transportation engineers and planners should use?
Visit the website of the pew research organization at www.pewresearch.org. read today’s top story. What type of data source is the top story based on?
Visit the website of the Gallup organization at www.gallup.com. read today’s top story. What type of data source is the top story based on?
The Data and Story Library (DASL) is an online library of data files and stories that illustrate the use of basic statistical methods. Visit lib.stat.cmu.edu/index.php, click DASL, and explore a data set of interest to you. Which of the five sources of data best describes the sources of the data
The director of market research at a large department store chain wanted to conduct a survey throughout a metropolitan area to determine the amount of time working women spend shopping for clothing in a typical month.a. Indicate the type of data the director might want to collect.b. Develop a first
If two students score a 90 on the same examination, what arguments could be used to show that the underlying variable—test score—is continuous?
One of the variables most often included in surveys is income. Sometimes the question is phrased “What is your income(in thousands of dollars)?” In other surveys, the respondent is asked to “Select the circle corresponding to your income level”and is given a number of income ranges to
Suppose the following information is collected from Simon Walter on his application for a home mortgage loan.a. Annual personal income: $216,370b. Number of times married: 1c. Ever convicted of a felony: Nod. Own a second car: No Classify each of the responses by type of data.
For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous.a. Number of shopping trips a person made in the past monthb. A person’s preferred brand of coffeec. Time a
For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous.a. Number of students in a classb. Volume of water in gallons used by an individual showering per weekc. Name of a
The following information is collected from students as they exit the campus bookstore during the first week of classes.a. Number of computers ownedb. Nationalityc. Heightd. Dorm hall of residence Classify each of these variables as categorical or numerical. If the variable is numerical, determine
For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous.a. Number of cellphones in the householdb. Whether the cellphone owned in the household is a smartphonec. Distance
The time it takes to download a video from the Internet is measured. Explain why the download time is a continuous numerical variable.
U.S. businesses are listed by size: small, medium, and large. Explain why business size is an example of a categorical variable.
Four different beverages are sold at a fast-food restaurant:soft drinks, tea, coffee, and bottled water. Explain why the type of beverage sold is an example of a categorical variable.
Use the Student2010 dataset. The variable LiveWhere indicates whether a student lives in a dorm or off-campus. The variable AlcMissClass indicates whether a student has ever missed a class due to drinking alcohol.a. Create a two-way table that summarizes the relationship between LiveWhere and
This is also Exercise 4.80. Use the Student2010 dataset. The variable UseCell gives student responses to a question that asked students how they mainly used a cell phone (to talk, to text).a. Create a two-way table that summarizes the relationship between Sex and UseCell.b. Fill in the following
For this exercise, use the UCDavis2 dataset. Identify two variables for which it would be of interest to you to test whether there is a relationship. Carry out the five steps of the chi-square test. If one or both of the variables are quantitative, create reasonable categories. For instance, you
For this exercise, use the UCDavis2 dataset. Two variables that were measured were whether the respondent was leftor right-handed (Hand) and whether the respondent finds it easier to make friends with people of the same or opposite sex (Friends). Carry out the five steps to determine whether there
For this exercise, use the UCDavis2 dataset. Respondents were categorized as male or female (Sex) and were asked whether they typically sit in the front, middle, or back of the classroom (Seat).a. Carry out the five steps to determine whether there is a significant relationship between these two
For this exercise, use the GSS-08 dataset on the companion website. The variable owngun indicates whether or not the respondent owns a gun, and the variable polparty contains the respondent’s political party preference. Is there a significant relationship between owngun and polparty?a. Determine
Gillespie (1999) and Chambers (2000) reported on two Gallup polls, taken in August 1999 and August 2000 using independent samples, which asked parents the question, “How satisfied are you with the quality of education your oldest child is receiving? Would you say completely satisfied, somewhat
Refer to Exercise 15.61. Using the original data (not combining green and hazel), construct a contingency table for the two variables:Explanatory variable: Eye color.Response variable: Finds own eye color most attractive, yes or no.a. Conduct a chi-square test to determine if these two variables
Students (n 5 183) were asked to identify their own eye color as well as the eye color to which they are most attracted. The results are shown here:
Explain why a chi-square test statistic cannot be negative.
Refer to Exercise 15.58. Suppose that the same question were to be asked in many independent surveys. Assuming that the null hypothesis is true, into what range should the test statistic fall about 95% of the time, where 0 is at the lower end of the range?
In the 2008 General Social Survey, participants were asked,“Should divorce in this country be easier or more difficult to obtain than it is now?” The results are shown in the following table and Minitab output.
In a class survey, statistics students were asked, “Which one of these choices describes your perception of your weight: about right, overweight, or underweight?” The table in Exercise 4.12 displayed the results by sex. Displayed below are those results along with the Minitab output for a
Wilding and Cook (2000) asked 352 males and 376 females to listen to a male voice and a female voice. One week later, they attempted to identify the voices they had heard in lineups of six male and six female voices. The results are shown in the following table. Using appropriate subsets of the
Refer to Exercise 15.54. Use the shortcut formula for 2 3 2 tables to compute the chi-square statistic. Show the formula with all numbers entered.
(p. 392) described a survey in which students in a statistics class were asked, “Would you date someone with a great personality even though you did not find them attractive?” The results were that 80 of 131 women answered “yes” and 26 of 61 men answered “yes.”a. Construct a contingency
Household sizes for the households participating in the 1996 General Social Survey conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago are shown in the following table. The table also shows the proportion of households of each size in the survey and the corresponding
Refer to Exercise 15.49, in which each student guessed the results of ten coin flips. If all students are just guessing, and if the coins are fair, then the number of correct guesses for each student should follow a binomial distribution.a. What are the parameters n and p for the binomial
The data in this exercise were first presented in Exercise 4.8.In the 2008 General Social Survey, religious preference and opinion about when premarital sex is wrong were among the measured variables. The contingency table of counts for these variables is shown in Exercise 4.8 and again here:
In a study reported in the Annals of Internal Medicine (Lotufo et al., 2000), the investigators examined the possible relationship in men between baldness and the risk of coronary heart disease. Other researchers have reported a possible link between these two variables (see Case Study 6.4, for
(p. 595) described an experiment in which students were classified as “Sheep” who believe in ESP or as“Goats” who do not. Each student then guessed the results of ten coin tosses. We classify students as “Stars” if they guessed five or more correctly and as “Duds” if they did
Refer to Exercise 15.45. Note that the “contributions to chi-square” are given in the output for all cells. For instance, the “contribution to chi-square” for the row “18–29” and the column “Very” is 0.175, and for the row “18–29” and the column “Not at All” it is
Exercise 4.61 gave data on ear pierces and tattoos for a sample of 1375 college women. The data are presented again in the following table. The ear-pierce response is the total numbera. Describe the relationship with relevant percentages.b. Write null and alternative hypotheses for the relationship
on page 590.
Answer Thought Question
In a survey reported in a special issue of Newsweek magazine (Special Edition: Health for Life, Spring/Summer 1999), n 5 747 randomly selected women were asked, “How satisfied are you with your overall appearance?” There were four possible responses to this question, and the following table
(p. 602). The following table contains the observed distribution of all digits drawn in the California Daily 3 on the 200 days between May 14, 2000, and November 29, 2000.Three digits are drawn each day, so the sample size is n 5 600 for this table.
The California Daily 3 lottery game is identical to the Pennsylvania Daily Number game described in Example
One of the authors of this book purchased four 1-pound bags of plain M&Ms at different stores in Pennsylvania to compare the color distribution to the one stated on the manufacturer’s website in 2000. The observed results for the combined bags and the proportions alleged by the manufacturer are
The following table contains the observed distribution of the last digit of the forecasted high temperature on December 10, 2000, for n 5 150 U.S. and international cities. (Source:New York Times, December 10, 2000, p. 47.)a. Compute expected counts for the null hypothesis that all digits 0, 1, ...
Refer to Exercise 15.40. Suppose that a car manufacturer had hypothesized that 50% would prefer silver, 30% would prefer blue, and 20% would prefer green. Test the manufacturer’s hypothesis. Use a 5 .05.
In a class survey done in a statistics class, students were asked, “Suppose that you are buying a new car and the model you are buying is available in three colors: silver, blue, or green. Which color would you pick?” Of the n 5 111 students who responded, 59 picked silver, 27 picked green, and
Suppose that a statistics teacher assigns her class of 60 students the homework task of flipping a coin two times, counting the number of heads, and submitting that number to her during the next class period.a. List the possible sequences of results for two flips of a coin. Using this list,
Suppose that on a typical day, the proportion of students who drive to campus is .30 (30%), the proportion who bike is.60 (60%), and the remaining .10 (10%) come to campus in some other way (e.g., walk, take the bus, get a ride). The campus sponsors a “spare the air” day to encourage people not
◆ The following table shows the results from 190 students“randomly” choosing among the integers from 1 to 10. For example, there were two students who chose the digit 1 and nine students who chose the digit 2. (Raw data are in the pennstate1 dataset on the companion website.)
In a chi-square goodness-of-fit test, is it possible for all of the expected counts to be larger than the corresponding observed counts? Explain.
Explain whether each of these is possible in a chi-square goodness-of-fit test.a. The chi-square statistic is negative.b. The chi-square statistic is 0.c. The expected counts are not whole numbers.d. The observed counts are not whole numbers.e. The probabilities specified in the null hypothesis sum
In the following situations, give the expected count for each of the k categories.a. k 5 4, H0: p1 5 .2, p2 5 .4, p3 5 .1, p4 5 .3, and n 5 2000.b. k 5 5, H0: all pi are the same, and n 5 2500.
In the following situations, give the expected count for each of the k categories.a. k 5 3, H0: p1 5 p2 5 p3 5 1/3, and n 5 300.b. k 5 3, H0: p1 5 1/4, p2 5 1/4, p3 5 1/2, and n 5 1000.

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Mind On Statistics 4th Edition David D Busch, Jessica M Utts, Robert F Heckard - Solutions

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