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business statistics

Business Statistics A First Course 7th Global Edition Kathryn A. Szabat, David M. Levine, David F. Stephan - Solutions

The worldwide market share for the Mozilla Firefox web browser was 17% in a recent month. (Data extracted from netmarketshare.com.) Suppose that you decide to select a sample of 100 students at your university and you find that 22 use the Mozilla Firefox web browser.a. Use the five-step p-value
According to a recent National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) report, 48% of college student internships are unpaid. (Source: “Just 38 Percent of Unpaid Internships Were Subject to FLSA Guidelines,” bit.ly/Rx76M8.) A recent survey of 60 college interns at a local university found
In Problems 9.52 and 9.53, suppose you are testing the null hypothesis H0 : p = 0.20 against the two-tail alternative hypothesis H1 : p ≠ 0.20 and you choose the level of significance a = 0.05. What is your statistical decision?
In Problem 9.52, if the null hypothesis is that 20% of the items in the population are defective, what is the value of ZSTAT?
If, in a random sample of 400 items, 88 are defective, what is the sample proportion of defective items?
The population mean waiting time to check out of a supermarket has been 4 minutes. recently, in an effort to reduce the waiting time, the supermarket has experimented with a system in which infrared cameras use body heat and in-store software to determine how many lanes should be opened. A sample
A survey of nonprofit organizations showed that online fundraising has increased in the past year. Based on a random sample of 55 nonprofit organizations, the mean one-time gift donation in the past year was $75, with a standard deviation of $9.a. If you test the null hypothesis at the 0.01 level
You are the manager of a restaurant that delivers pizza to college dormitory rooms. You have just changed your delivery process in an effort to reduce the mean time between the order and completion of delivery from the current 25 minutes. A sample of 36 orders using the new delivery process yields
A quality improvement project was conducted with the objective of improving the wait time in a county health department (CHD) Adult Primary Care Unit(APCU). The evaluation plan included waiting room time as one key waiting time process measure. Waiting room time was defined as the time elapsed
CarMD reports that the cost of repairing a hybrid vehicle is falling even while typical repairs on conventional vehicles are getting more expensive. The most common hybrid repair, replacing the hybrid inverter assembly, had a mean repair cost of $2,826 in 2013. (Data extracted from 2014 CarMD
In a recent year, it was reported that the mean wait for repairs for a phone company’s customers was 36.1 hours. In an effort to improve this service, suppose that a new repair service process was developed. This new process, used for a sample of 100 repairs, resulted in a sample mean of 34.6
In Problem 9.44, what is your statistical decision if tSTAT = -1.15?
In a one-tail hypothesis test where you reject H0 only in the lower tail, what is the critical value of the tSTAT test statistic with 20 degrees of freedom at the 0.01 level of significance?
In Problem 9.42, what is your statistical decision if tSTAT = +2.39?
In a one-tail hypothesis test where you reject H0 only in the upper tail, what is the critical value of the t-test statistic with 10 degrees of freedom at the 0.01 level of significance?
In Problem 9.40, what is the statistical decision if you test the null hypothesis at the 0.01 level of significance?
In a one-tail hypothesis test where you reject H0 only in the lower tail, what is the p-value if ZSTAT = +1.38?
In Problem 9.38, what is your statistical decision if you test the null hypothesis at the 0.01 level of significance?
In a one-tail hypothesis test where you reject H0 only in the lower tail, what is the p-value if ZSTAT = -1.38?
In Problem 9.36, what is your statistical decision if you test the null hypothesis at the 0.05 level of significance?
In a one-tail hypothesis test where you reject H0 only in the upper tail, what is the p-value if ZSTAT = +2.00?
A sample of 25 people is selected, and the length of time to prepare and cook dinner (in minutes) is recorded, with the results shown in the accompanying tablea. Is there evidence that the population mean time to prepare and cook dinner is different from 45 minutes? Use the p-value approach and a
In Problem 3.63 on page 156, you were introduced to a tea-bag-filling operation. An important quality characteristic of interest for this process is the weight of the tea in the individual bags. The file Teabags contains an ordered array of the weight, in grams, of a sample of 50 tea bags produced
The data for a sample of 80 steel parts, given in the accompanying table, show the reported difference, in inches, between the actual length of the steel part and the specified length of the steel part. For example, a value of -0.002 represents a steel part that is 0.002 inch shorter than the
A manufacturing company produces steel housings for electrical equipment. The main component part of the housing is a steel trough that is made out of a 14-gauge steel coil. It is produced using a 250-ton progressive punch press with a wipe-down operation that puts two 90-degree forms in the flat
Last year a company received 50 complaints concerning carpet installation. The data in the accompanying table represents the number of days between the receipt of a complaint and the resolution of the complaint.a. The supervisor claims that the mean number of days between the receipt of a complaint
The following data (in Drink ) represent the amount of soft drink filled in a sample of 50 consecutive 2-liter bottles. The results, listed horizontally in the order of being filled, were:a. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there evidence that the mean amount of soft drink filled is different
An insurance company has the business objective of reducing the amount of time it takes to approve applications for life insurance. The approval process consists of underwriting, which includes a review of the application, a medical information bureau check, possible requests for additional medical
The following data table contains the amounts that a sample of nine customers spent for lunch (in dollars) at a fast-food restaurant.
A government’s department of transportation requires tire manufacturers to provide performance information on tire sidewalls to help prospective buyers make their purchasing decisions.One very important piece of information is the tread wear index, which indicates the tire’s resistance to tread
A stationery store wants to estimate the mean retail value of greeting cards that it has in its inventory. A random sample of 100 greeting cards indicates a mean value of $2.56 and a standard deviation of $0.41.a. Is there evidence that the population mean retail value of the greeting cards is
A manufacturer of chocolate candies uses machines to package candies as they move along a filling line. Although the packages are labeled as eight ounces, the company wants the packages to contain a mean of 8.17 ounces so that virtually none of the packages contain less than eight ounces. A sample
You are the manager of a restaurant for a fastfood franchise. Last month, the mean waiting time at the drive-through window for branches in your geographic region, as measured from the time a customer places an order until the time the customer receives the order, was 3.7 minutes. You select a
If, in a sample of n = 76 selected from a right-skewed population, X = 65 and S = 24, would you use the t test to test the null hypothesis H0 : m = 63?
If, in a sample of n = 16 selected from a left-skewed population, X = 65, and S = 21, would you use the t test to test the null hypothesis H0 : m = 60? Discuss.
In Problems 9.18, 9.19, and 9.20, what is your statistical decision if the alternative hypothesis, H1, is m ≠ 50?
In Problems 9.18 and 9.19, what are the critical values of t if the level of significance,a, is 0.05 and the alternative hypothesis, H1, is m ≠ 50?
In Problem 9.18, how many degrees of freedom does the t test have?
If, in a sample of n = 16 selected from a normal population, X = 58 and S = 20, what is the value of tSTAT if you are testing the null hypothesis H0 : m = 50?
Suppose that in Problem 9.16, the standard deviation is 0.012 gallon.a. repeat (a) through (d) of Problem 9.16, assuming a standard deviation of 0.012 gallon.b. Compare the results of (a) to those of Problem 9.16.
The manager of a paint supply store wants to determine whether the mean amount of paint contained in 1-gallon cans p urchased from a nationally known manufacturer is actually 1 gallon. You know from the manufacturer’s specifications that the standard deviation of the amount of paint is 0.03
Suppose that in Problem 9.14, the standard deviation is 1,200 hours.a. repeat (a) through (d) of Problem 9.14, assuming a standard deviation of 1,200 hours.b. Compare the results of (a) to those of Problem 9.14.
The quality-control manager at a compact fluorescent light bulb (CFL) factory needs to determine whether the mean life of a large shipment of CFLs is equal to 7,500 hours. The population standard deviation is 1,000 hours.A random sample of 64 CFLs indicates a sample mean life of 7,250 hours.a. At
Do business seniors at your school prepare for class more than, less than, or about the same as business seniors at other?
As a result of complaints from both students and faculty about lateness, the registrar at a large university is ready to undertake a study to determine whether the scheduled break between classes should be changed. Until now, the registrar has believed that there should be 20 minutes between
Many consumer groups feel that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug approval process is too easy and, as a result, too many drugs are approved that are later found to be unsafe. On the other hand, a number of industry lobbyists have pushed for a more lenient approval process so that
Suppose the defendant in Problem 9.9 is presumed guilty until proven innocent. How do the null and alternative hypotheses differ from those in Problem 9.9? What are the meanings of the risks of committing either a Type I or Type II error here?
In the U.S. legal system, a defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty. Consider a null hypothesis, H0, that a defendant is innocent, and an alternative hypothesis, H1, that the defendant is guilty. A jury has two possible decisions: Convict the defendant(i.e., reject the null hypothesis)
What is the p-value if, in a two-tail hypothesis test, ZSTAT = -1.38?
In Problem 9.6, what is your statistical decision if you test the null hypothesis at the 0.10 level of significance?
What is the p-value if, in a two-tail hypothesis test, ZSTAT = +2.00?
What is your decision in Problem 9.4 if ZSTAT = -2.61?
If you use a 0.01 level of significance in a two-tail hypothesis test, what is your decision rule for rejecting H0 : m = 12.5 if you use the Z test?
If you use a 0.10 level of significance in a (two-tail) hypothesis test, what is your decision rule for rejecting a null hypothesis that the population mean is 350 if you use the Z test?
If you use a 0.05 level of significance in a two-tail hypothesis test, what decision will you make if ZSTAT = +2.21?
If you use a 0.05 level of significance in a (two-tail)hypothesis test, what will you decide if ZSTAT = -1.52?
Referring to the results in Problem 8.66 concerning the width of a steel trough, write a report that summarizes your conclusions.
The manufacturer of Boston and Vermont asphalt shingles provides its customers with a 20-year warranty on most of its products. To determine whether a shingle will last the entire warranty period, accelerated-life testing is conducted at the manufacturing plant. Accelerated-life testing exposes the
The manufacturer of Boston and Vermont asphalt shingles knows that product weight is a major factor in a customer’s perception of quality. The last stage of the assembly line packages the shingles before they are placed on wooden pallets. Once a pallet is full (a pallet for most brands holds 16
A manufacturing company produces steel housings for electrical equipment. The main component part of the housing is a steel trough that is made from a 14-gauge steel coil. It is produced using a 250-ton progressive punch press with a wipe-down operation that puts two 90-degree forms in the flat
A quality characteristic of interest for a tea-bag-filling process is the weight of the tea in the individual bags. In this example, the label weight on the package indicates that the mean amount is 5.5 grams of tea in a bag. If the bags are underfilled, two problems arise. First, customers may not
Claims fraud (illegitimate claims) and buildup (exaggerated loss amounts) continue to be major issues of concern among automobile insurance companies. Fraud is defined as specific material misrepresentation of the facts of a loss; buildup is defined as the inflation of an otherwise legitimate
The manufacturer of Ice Melt claims that its product will melt snow and ice at temperatures as low as 0° Fahrenheit. A representative for a large chain of hardware stores is interested in testing this claim. The chain purchases a large shipment of 5-pound bags for distribution. The representative
Scarlett and Heather, the owners of an upscale restaurant in Dayton, Ohio, want to study the dining characteristics of their customers. They decide to focus on two variables: the amount of money spent by customers and whether customers order dessert.The results from a sample of 60 customers are as
The branch manager of an outlet (Store 1) of a nationwide chain of pet supply stores wants to study characteristics of her customers. In particular, she decides to focus on two variables: the amount of money spent by customers and whether the customers own only one dog, only one cat, or more than
The financial impact of IT systems downtime is a concern of plant operations management today. A survey of manufacturers examined the satisfaction level with the reliability and availability of their manufacturing IT applications. The variables of focus are whether the manufacturer experienced
A national association devoted to HR and workplace programs, practices, and training wants to study HR department practices and employee turnover of its member organizations.HR professionals and organization executives focus on turnover not only because it has significant cost implications but also
The human resource (HR) director of a large corporation wishes to study absenteeism among its mid-level managers at its central office during the year. A random sample of 25 mid-level managers reveals the following:• Absenteeism: X = 6.2 days, S = 7.3 days.• 13 mid-level managers cite stress as
An information technology (IT) consulting firm specializing in health care solutions wants to study communication deficiencies in the health care industry. A random sample of 70 health care clinicians reveals the following:• Time wasted in a day due to outdated communication technologies: X = 45
A market researcher for a consumer electronics company wants to study the media viewing behavior of residents of a particular area. A random sample of 40 respondents is selected, and each respondent is instructed to keep a detailed record of time spent engaged viewing content across all screens
What proposals for dealing with energy and the environment do Americans favor? Gallup conducted a survey of 1,048 adults, ages 18+ in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia and found the following:Spending more government money on developing solar and wind power: 702 Setting higher
The Pew Internet Project survey of 1,006 American adults found the following:906 have a cell phone 584 have a smartphone 322 have an ebook reader 423 have a tablet computer Source: “Device Ownership Over Time,” bit.ly/1fvWYrL.a. Construct 95% confidence interval estimates for the population
Which major ethical issue is concern by selection of sample and inferences that accompany them?
What are the quantities essential to compute the sample size for the mean?
When should you use the t distribution to develop the confidence interval estimate for the mean?
Why can you never really have 100% confidence of correctly estimating the population characteristic of interest?
What prevents consumers from sharing data with retailers?A recent ClickFox Consumer Behavior Survey (bit.ly/1fAfJAI)found that 32% of consumers responded “breaches of consumer data.”a. To conduct a follow-up study that would provide 99% confidence that the point estimate is correct to within
According to a study released by The Financial Brand, an online publication focusing on branding issues and advice affecting retail banks and credit unions, 68% of financial institutions use churn rate (attrition) to gauge the effectiveness of their marketing efforts. (Source: “2014 State of Bank
A study of 667 CEOs reported that 214 stated that their company’s greatest concern was sustained and steady top-line growth.a. Construct a 99% confidence interval for the proportion of CEOs whose greatest concern was sustained and steady topline growth.b. Interpret the interval constructed in
A Nielsen Mobile Shopping Report looks at how consumers are using mobile devices throughout their purchase journey.In response to a survey question about shopping, 27% of tablet owners said they use mobile devices for payment, 21% said they use such devices to make social media comments about their
What proportion of people get most of their news on the Internet? According to a recent poll 44% get most of their news from the Internet.a. To conduct a follow-up study that would provide 95% confidence that the point estimate is correct to within {0.05 of the population proportion, how large a
A growing niche in the restaurant business is gourmet-casual breakfast, lunch, and brunch. Chains in this group include EggSpectation and Panera Bread. Suppose that the mean per-person check for breakfast at EggSpectation is approximately $14.50.a. Assuming a standard deviation of $2.00, what
An advertising agency that serves a major radio station wants to estimate the mean amount of time that the station’s audience spends listening to the radio daily. From past studies, the standard deviation is estimated as 50 minutes.a. What sample size is needed if the agency wants to be 95%
An advertising executive wants to estimate the mean weekly amount of time consumers spend watching traditional television daily. Based on previous studies, the standard deviation is assumed to be 20 minutes. The executive wants to estimate, with 99% confidence, the mean weekly amount of time to
If the inspection division of a county weights and measures department wants to estimate the mean amount of soft-drink fill in 2-liter bottles to within {0.01 liter with 95% confidence and also assumes that the standard deviation is 0.05 liter, what sample size is needed?
Find the sample size necessary to estimate the mean IQ score of statistics students such that it can be said with 90% confidence that the sample mean is {5 IQ points of the true mean. Assume that the standard deviation is 11 and determine the required sample size.
If the manager of a paint supply store wants to estimate the mean amount of paint in a 1-gallon can to within {0.005 gallons with 99% confidence, and also assumes that the standard deviation is 0.045 gallons, what sample size is needed?
A survey is planned to determine the mean annual family medical expenses of employees of a large company. The management of the company wishes to be 95% confident that the sample mean is correct to within { +50 of the population mean annual family medical expenses. A previous study indicates that
If you want to be 95% confident of estimating the population proportion to within a sampling error of {0.02 and there is historical evidence that the population proportion is approximately 0.40, what sample size is needed?
If you want to be 95% confident of estimating the population proportion to within a sampling error of {0.04, what sample size is needed?
If you want to be 99% confident of estimating the population mean to within a sampling error of {20 and the standard deviation is assumed to be 100, what sample size is required?
If you want to be 99% confident of estimating the population mean to within a sampling error of {4 and the standard deviation is assumed to be 12, what sample size is required?
What are the global trends that technology CEOs believe will transform their business? According to a PwC white paper, 105 of 117 technology CEOs from around the world responded that technological advances will transform their business and 42 responded that resource scarcity and climate change will
In a Pew Research Center survey of 960 Facebook users, 452 cited “seeing photos or videos” as a major reason why they use Facebook, while 298 cited “keeping up with news and current events” as a major reason why they use Facebook. (Source: “6 new facts about Facebook,”
In a survey of 239 organizations, 75 responded that “the need for collaboration among increasing number of locations” is a business driver that led them to implement cloud solutions. Cloud solutions enable more effective employee communication and higher decision maker visibility into real-time
In a survey conducted by a business management company, 52% of workers from the United States said they have negotiated a pay raise at least once in their lives. The sample size used in the study was not disclosed.a. Suppose that the survey had a sample size of n = 600. Construct a 95% confidence
In a survey of 1,000 social media users, 78% said it was okay to friend co-workers, but 60% said it was not okay to befriend your boss.a. Construct a 90% confidence interval estimate for the population proportion of social media users who would say it is okay to friend co-workers.b. Construct a 90%
A cellphone provider has the business objective of wanting to estimate the proportion of subscribers who would upgrade to a new cellphone with improved features if it were made available at a substantially reduced cost. Data are collected from a random sample of 500 subscribers. The results
If n = 400 and X = 25, construct a 99% confidence interval estimate for the population proportion.
If n = 200 and X = 40, construct a 90% confidence interval estimate of the population proportion.

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