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business statistics

Business Statistics A First Course 7th Global Edition Kathryn A. Szabat, David M. Levine, David F. Stephan - Solutions

In a one-way ANOVA, what is the difference between the among-groups variance MSA and the within-groups variance MSW?
Under what conditions should you use the paired t test for the mean difference between two related populations?
When you have two independent populations, explain the similarities and differences between the test of hypothesis for the difference between the means and the confidence interval estimate for the difference between the means.
What is the distinction between repeated measurements and matched items?
How can you test the difference between the proportions of two independent populations?
Under what conditions should you use the F test to examine possible differences in the variances of two independent populations?
Under what conditions should you use the pooled-variance t test to examine possible differences in the means of two independent populations?
What are some of the criteria used in the selection of a particular hypothesis-testing procedure?
level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the variation in the distances traveled by the golf balls with different designs?e. What golf ball design should the manufacturing manager choose? explain.
level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the mean distances traveled by the golf balls with different designs?b. If the results in (a) indicate that it is appropriate, use the Tukey-Kramer procedure to determine which designs differ in mean distances.c. What assumptions are
A sporting goods manufacturing company wanted to compare the distance traveled by golf balls produced using four different designs. Ten balls were manufactured with each design and were brought to the local golf course for the club professional to test. The order in which the balls were hit with
level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the variation in the amount of food eaten among the various products?d. What should the pet food company conclude? Fully describe the pet food company’s options with respect to the products.
level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the mean amount of food eaten among the various products?b. If appropriate, determine which products appear to differ significantly in the mean amount of food eaten.c. At the
A pet food company has a business objective of expanding its product line beyond its current kidney- and shrimp-based cat foods. The company developed two new products, one based on chicken liver and the other based on salmon. The company conducted an experiment to compare the two new products with
level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the mean soft-skill score reported by different groups?c. If the results in (b) indicate that it is appropriate, use the TukeyKramer procedure to determine which groups differ in mean soft-skill score. Discuss your findings.
Researchers conducted a study to determine whether graduates with an academic background in the discipline of leadership studies were better equipped with essential soft skills required to be successful in contemporary organizations than students with no leadership education and/or students with a
QSR magazine reports on the largest quick serve and fast casual restaurants in the United States. Do the various market segments (burger, chicken, sandwich, and pizza) differ in their mean sales per unit? The file FastFoodChain contains the mean sales in a recent year. (Data extracted
A manufacturer of pens has hired an advertising agency to develop an advertising campaign for the upcoming holiday season.To prepare for this project, the research director decides to initiate a study of the effect of advertising on product perception. An experiment is designed to compare five
A hospital conducted a study of the waiting time in its emergency room. The hospital has a main campus and three satellite locations. Management had a business objective of reducing waiting time for emergency room cases that did not require immediate attention. To study this, a random sample of 15
The more costly and time consuming it is to export and import, the more difficult it is for local companies to be competitive and to reach international markets. As part of an initial investigation exploring foreign market entry, 10 countries were selected from each of four global regions. The cost
Accounting Today identified the top accounting firms in 10 geographic regions across the United States. All 10 regions reported growth in 2013, including the Capital, Great Lakes, Mid- Atlantic, and New england regions which reported combined growths of 2.06%, 16.58%, 8.31%, and 9.49%,
You are working with the same experiment as in Problem 10.55.a. At the 0.05 level of significance, state the decision rule for testing the null hypothesis that all four groups have equal population means.b. What is your statistical decision?c. At the 0.05 level of significance, what is the
Consider an experiment with four groups, with eight values in each. For the ANOVA summary table below, fill in all the missing results:
Consider an experiment that has a single factor with eight groups and four values in each group.a. How many degrees of freedom are there in determining the among-group variation?b. How many degrees of freedom are there in determining the within-group variation?
You are working with the same experiment as in Problems 10.51 and 10.52.a. Construct the ANOVA summary table and fill in all values in the table.b. At the 0.05 level of significance, what is the upper-tail critical value from the F distribution?c. State the decision rule for testing the null
You are working with the same experiment as in Problem 10.51.a. If SSA = 60 and SST = 210, what is SSW?b. What is MSA?c. What is MSW?d. What is the value of FSTAT?
An experiment has a single factor with three groups and six values in each group.a. How many degrees of freedom are there in determining the among-group variation?b. How many degrees of freedom are there in determining the within-group variation?c. How many degrees of freedom are there in
The following data represent the yields for a sample of money market accounts and five-year CDs as of a certain date.At the 0.05 level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the variance of the yield between money market accounts and five-year CDs? Assume that the population yields
experian Marketing Services reported that the typical American spends 144 minutes (2.4 hours) per day accessing the Internet through a mobile device. (Source: The 2014 Digital Marketer, available at ex.pn/1kXJjfX.) You wonder if males and females spend differing amounts of time per day accessing
An important feature of tablets is battery life, the number of hours before the battery needs to be recharged. The file Tablets contains the battery life of 12 WiFi-only and 7 3G/4G/WiFi 9-through 12-inch tablets. (Data extracted from “Ratings and recommendations: Tablets,” Consumer Reports,
A bank with a branch located in a commercial district of a city has the business objective of improving the process for serving customers during the noon-to-1 p.m. lunch period. To do so, the waiting time (defined as the number of minutes that elapses from when the customer enters the line until he
Accounting Today identified the top accounting firms in 10 geographic regions across the United States.All 10 regions reported growth in 2013. The Southeast and Gulf Coast regions reported growth of 4.7% and 13.86%, respectively.A characteristic description of the accounting firms in the Southeast
A problem with a telephone line that prevents a customer from receiving or making calls is upsetting to both the customer and the telecommunications company. The file Phone contains samples of 20 problems reported to two different offices of a telecommunications company and the time to clear these
In Problem 10.43, assume that two samples are selected from independent normally distributed populations.a. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there evidence of a difference between s2 1 and s2 2?b. Suppose that you want to perform a one-tail test. At the 0.05 level of significance, what is the
The following information is available for two samples selected from independent but very right-skewed populations:Population A: n1 = 16 S2 1 = 47.3 Population B: n2 = 13 S2 2 = 36.4
In Problems 10.39 through 10.41, what is your statistical decision?
In Problems 10.39 and 10.40, what is the upper-tail critical value for F if the level of significance,a, is 0.05 and the alternative hypothesis is H1: s2 1 ≠ s2 2?
In Problem 10.39, how many degrees of freedom are there in the numerator and denominator of the F test?
The following information is available for two samples selected from independent normally distributed populations:Population A: n1 = 25 S2 1 = 161.9 Population B: n2 = 25 S2 2 = 133.7 What is the value of FSTAT if you are testing the null hypothesis H0: s2 1 = s2 2?
The following information is available for two samples selected from independent normally distributed populations.Population A: n1 = 25 S2 1 = 25 Population B: n2 = 25 S2 2 = 9a. Which sample variance do you place in the numerator of FSTAT?b. What is the value of FSTAT?
Determine the upper-tail critical value of F in each of the following one-tail tests.a. a = 0.05, n1 = 16, n2 = 21b. a = 0.01, n1 = 16, n2 = 21
Determine the upper-tail critical values of F in each of the following two-tail tests.a. a = 0.02, n1 = 10, n2 = 31b. a = 0.05, n1 = 10, n2 = 31c. a = 0.01, n1 = 10, n2 = 31
Suppose a study conducted on where people turn for news was based on 400 respondents who were between the ages of 36 and 50, and 400 respondents who were above age 50. Of the 400 respondents who were between the ages of 36 and 50, 199 got their news primarily from newspapers. Of the 400 respondents
Are women more risk averse in the stock market? A sample of men and women were asked the following question: “If both the stock market and a stock you owned dropped 25% in three months, would you buy more shares while the price is low?” Of 956 women, 309 said yes. Of 1012 men, 588 said yes.a.
What social media tools do marketers commonly use?A survey by Social Media examiner (data extracted from “2014 Social Media Marketing Industry Report,” April 2014) of B2B marketers (marketers that focus primarily on attracting businesses)and B2C marketers (marketers that primarily target
The consumer research firm Scarborough analyzed the 10% of American adults that are either “Superbanked” or “Unbanked.” Superbanked consumers are defined as U.S.adults who live in a household that has multiple asset accounts at financial institutions, as well as some additional
In an experiment, 50 individuals were told that they had just purchased a ticket to a concert and 50 were told that they had just purchased a personal digital assistant (PDA). The participants were then asked to indicate their preferences for attending the concert or receiving the PDA. The
Do social recommendations increase ad effectiveness? A study of online video viewers compared viewers who arrived at an advertising video for a particular brand by following a social media recommendation link to viewers who arrived at the same video by web browsing. Data were collected on whether
An online survey asked 1,000 adults “What do you buy from your mobile device?” The results indicated that 61% of the females and 39% of the males answered clothes. (Source: Ebates.com 2014 Mobile Shopping Survey: Nearly Half of Americans Shop from a Mobile Device, available from
Let n1 = 100, X1 = 45, n2 = 50, and X2 = 25.a. At the 0.01 level of significance, is there evidence of a significant difference between the two population proportions?b. Construct a 99% confidence interval estimate for the difference between the two population proportions.
Let n1 = 80, X1 = 70, n2 = 80, and X2 = 50.a. At the 0.10 level of significance, is there evidence of a significant difference between the two population proportions?b. Construct a 90% confidence interval estimate of the difference between the two population proportions.
The file Concrete1 contains the compressive strength, in thousands of pounds per square inch (psi), of 40 samples of concrete taken two and seven days after pouring. (Data extracted from O. Carrillo-Gamboa and R. F. Gunst, “Measurementerror-Model Collinearities,” Technometrics, 34 (1992):
To assess the effectiveness of a cola video ad, a random sample of 38 individuals from a target audience was selected to participate in a copy test. Participants viewed two ads, one of which was the ad being tested. Participants then answered a series of questions about how much they liked the ads.
Multiple myeloma, or blood plasma cancer, is characterized by increased blood vessel formulation (angiogenesis) in the bone marrow that is a predictive factor in survival. One treatment approach used for multiple myeloma is stem cell transplantation with the patient’s own stem cells. The data
What motivates employees? The Great Place to Work Institute evaluated nonfinancial factors both globally and in the United States. (Data extracted from L. Petrecca, “Tech Companies Top List of ‘Great Workplaces,’” USA Today, October 31, 2011, p. 7B.) The results, which indicate the
Super Target versus Walmart: Who has the lowest prices?Given Walmart’s slogan “Save Money—Live Better,” you suspect that Walmart does. The prices of 33 foods were compared(data extracted from “Supermarket Showdown,” The Palm Beach Post, February 13, 2011, pp. 1F, 2F) and the results are
How do the ratings of TV and Internet services compare?The file Telecom contains the rating of 14 different providers.a. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the mean service rating between TV and Internet services?b. What assumption is necessary about the
Nine experts rated two brands of coffee in a taste-testing experiment. A rating on a 17-point scale(1 = extremely unpleasing, 7 = extremely pleasing) is given for each of four characteristics: taste, aroma, richness, and acidity.The accompanying data table contains the ratings accumulated over all
Fifteen volunteers are recruited to participate in an experiment. A measurement is made (such as blood pressure) before each volunteer is asked to read a particularly upsetting passage from a book and after each volunteer reads the passage from the book. In the analysis of the data collected from
An experimental design for a paired t test has 23 pairs of identical twins. How many degrees of freedom are there in this t test?
Brand valuations are critical to CeOs, financial and marketing executives, security analysts, institutional investors, and others who depend on well-researched, reliable information needed for assessments, and comparisons in decision making.Millward Brown Optimor has developed the BrandZ Top 100
experian Marketing Services reported that the typical American spends 2.4 hours (144 minutes) per day accessing the Internet via a mobile device. (Source: The 2014 Digital Marketer, available at ex.pn/1kXJjfX.) You wonder if males and females spend differing amounts of time per day accessing the
Repeat Problem 10.14 (a), assuming that the population variances from developed and emerging countries are not equal.Compare these results with those of Problem 10.14 (a).
As a member of the international strategic management team in your company, you are assigned the task of exploring potential foreign market entry. As part of your initial investigation, you want to know if there is a difference between developed markets and emerging markets with respect to the time
Repeat Problem 10.12. (a), assuming that the population variances in the two branches are not equal. Compare these results with those of Problem 10.12. (a).
A bank with a branch located in a commercial district of a city has the business objective of developing an improved process for serving customers during the noon-to-1 p.m. lunch period.Management decides to first study the waiting time in the current process. The waiting time is defined as the
An important feature of tablets is battery life, the number of hours before the battery needs to be recharged. The file Tablets contains the battery life of 12 WiFi-only and 7 3G/4G/WiFi 9- through 12-inch tablets. (Data extracted from “Ratings and recommendations: Tablets,” Consumer Reports,
Accounting Today identified the top accounting firms in 10 geographic regions across the United States.All 10 regions reported growth in 2013. The Southeast and Gulf Coast regions reported growth of 4.7% and 13.86%, respectively.A characteristic description of the accounting firms in the Southeast
A problem with a phone line that prevents a customer from receiving or making calls is upsetting to both the customer and the telecommunications company. The file Phone contains samples of 20 problems reported to two different offices of a telecommunications company and the time to clear these
A recent study (data extracted frome. J. Boyland et al.,“Food Choice and Overconsumption: effect of a Premium Sports Celebrity endorser,” Journal of Pediatrics, March 13, 2013, bit.ly/16NR4Bi) found that 51 children who watched a commercial for Walker Crisps (potato chips) featuring a
When people make estimates, they are influenced by anchors to their estimates. A study was conducted in which students were asked to estimate the number of calories in a cheeseburger. One group was asked to do this after thinking about a calorie-laden cheesecake.A second group was asked to do this
Referring to Problem 10.2, if n1 = 5 and n2 = 4, at the 0.01 level of significance, is there evidence that m1 7 m2?
Referring to Problem 10.2, if n1 = 5 and n2 = 4, how many degrees of freedom do you have?
Referring to Problem 10.2, construct a 95% confidence interval estimate of the population mean difference between m1 and m2.
What assumptions about the two populations are necessary in Problem 10.2?
Assume that you have a sample of n1 = 8, with the sample mean X1 = 42, and a sample standard deviation S1 = 4, and you have an independent sample of n2 = 15 from another population with a sample mean of X2 = 34 and a sample standard deviation S2 = 5.a. What is the value of the pooled-variance tSTAT
If you have samples of n1 = 14 and n2 = 18, in performing the pooled-variance t test, how many degrees of freedom do you have?
referring to the results of Problems 9.76 through 9.78 concerning Boston and Vermont shingles, write a report that evaluates the moisture level, weight, and granule loss of the two types of shingles.
The manufacturer of Boston and Vermont asphalt shingles provides its customers with a 20-year warranty on most of its products. To determine whether a shingle will last through the warranty period, accelerated-life testing is conducted at the manufacturing plant. Accelerated-life testing exposes
Studies conducted by the manufacturer of Boston and Vermont asphalt shingles have shown product weight to be a major factor in the customer’s perception of quality. Moreover, the weight represents the amount of raw materials being used and is therefore very important to the company from a cost
An important quality characteristic used by the manufacturer of Boston and Vermont asphalt shingles is the amount of moisture the shingles contain when they are packaged. Customers may feel that they have purchased a product lacking in quality if they find moisture and wet shingles inside the
A manufacturing company produces electrical insulators. If the insulators break when in use, a short circuit is likely to occur.To test the strength of the insulators, destructive testing is carried out to determine how much force is required to break the insulators. Force is measured by observing
A bank branch located in a commercial district of a city has the business objective of improving the process for serving customers during the noon-to-1:00 p.m. lunch period. The waiting time (defined as the time the customer enters the line until he or she reaches the teller window) of a random
An auditor for a government agency was assigned the task of evaluating reimbursement for office visits to physicians paid by Medicare. The audit was conducted on a sample of 75 reimbursements, with the following results:• In 12 of the office visits, there was an incorrect amount of
The owner of a specialty coffee shop wants to study coffee purchasing habits of customers at her shop. She selects a random sample of 60 customers during a certain week, with the following results:• The amount spent was X = +7.25, S = +1.75.• Thirty-one customers say they “definitely will”
Salesforce ExactTarget Marketing Cloud conducted a study of U.S. consumers that included 205 tablet owners. The study found that 134 tablet owners use their tablet while watching TV at least once per day. (Source: “New Mobile Tracking & Survey Data: 2014 Mobile Behavior report,”
Financial institutions utilize prediction models to predict bankruptcy. One such model is the Altman Z-score model, which uses multiple corporate income and balance sheet values to measure the financial health of a company. If the model predicts a low Z-score value, the firm is in financial stress
In hypothesis testing, the common level of significance is a = 0.05. Some might argue for a level of significance greater than 0.05. Suppose that web designers tested the proportion of potential web page visitors with a preference for a new web design over the existing web design. The null
What test is used to find the mean of a population that is normally distributed, when the standard deviation is known?
What is the six-step critical value approach to hypothesis testing?
How can a confidence interval estimate for the population mean provide conclusions for the corresponding two-tail hypothesis test for the population mean?
What is meant by a p-value?
What is the difference between a one-tail test and a two-tail test?
What is meant by the power of a test?
What is the difference between a Type I error and a Type II error?
What is the difference between a null hypothesis, H0, and an alternative hypothesis, H1?
A study reported that 6% of the respondents were“Omnivores” who are gadget lovers, text messengers, and online gamers (often with their own blogs or Web pages), video makers, and YouTube posters. Suppose you believe that the percentage of students at your school who are Omnivores is greater
A cellphone provider has the business objective of wanting to determine the proportion of subscribers who would upgrade to a new cellphone with improved features if it were made available at a substantially reduced cost. Data are collected from a random sample of 500 subscribers. The results
How do professionals stay on top of their careers? Of 935 surveyed U.S. LinkedIn members, 543 reported that they engaged in professional networking within the last month. (Source: LinkedIn Talent Solutions, Talent Trends 2014, available at linkd.in/Rx7o5T.) At the 0.05 level of significance, is
One of the issues facing organizations is increasing diversity throughout an organization. One of the ways to evaluate an organization’s success at increasing diversity is to compare the percentage of employees in the organization in a particular position with a specific background to the

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