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business statistics
Statistics For Management And Economics 9th Edition Gerald Keller, Kenneth C Louden - Solutions
Indicate whether classical, empirical, or subjective probability should be used to determine each of the following:a. The probability that it will rain tomorrowb. The probability that you will roll doubles when throwing two dicec. The probability that I will pass tomorrow’s statistics examd. The
A survey was conducted in which 150 households were asked how many working televisions they owned. The results are as follows:Number of Televisions Number of Households 0 5 1 34 2 50 3 29 4 12 5 12 6 8 Total 150a. What is the probability that a randomly selected household has one television?b. What
A recent survey administered by ZoneDiet.com asked 1,000 adults, “How far are you from your ideal weight?”The results are shown in the following table:Response Frequency 1–5 lbs 150 6–10 lbs 140 11–15 lbs 90 16 or more 380 I’m content ?Total 1,000a. How many adults responded that they
The following table indicates the frequency of laptops sold per day at a local Best Buy store during a particular time period. During the period, there were never any days in which more than seven laptops were sold.Daily Demand Frequency 0 7 1 11 2 26 3 13 4 15 5 5 6 8 7 5a. What is the probability
Consider an experiment with the following two events:A = A statistics test is scheduled for 8:00 a.m.B = Every student arrives to class on time for the testa. Are these two events mutually exclusive?b. Are these two events independent?AppendixLO1
Consider the following experiment—a card is chosen randomly from a 52-card deck, observed, and then replaced.After shuffling the deck, a second card is drawn and observed.Consider the following events:A = The first card is the jack of diamonds B = The second card is the jack of diamondsa. Are
Consider the following experiment—a card is chosen randomly from a 52-card deck, observed, and not replaced.A second card is drawn and observed. Consider the following events:A = The first card is the jack of diamonds B = The second card is the jack of diamondsa. Are these two events mutually
A local university has a student population that is 57%male. Sixty-four percent of the students are undergraduates;40% are both male and undergraduates.a. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is both female and an undergraduate?b. What is the probability that a randomly selected
The airline industry defines an on-time flight as one that arrives within 15 minutes of its scheduled time. The following table shows the number of on-time and late flights leaving Philadelphia and arriving in Orlando during a recent time period by airline:Airline On-Time Late Southwest 239 68 US
A test has multiple-choice questions, with four choices of answers from which to choose. After reading the first four questions, you realize you have no idea what any of the correct answers are. Assume you randomly guess at the answers for all four questions.a. What is the probability that you
The following table shows the number of students who earned an A, B, C, and D grade in a business statistics class along with their year in their program.Grade Sophomore Junior A 14 30 B 31 38 C 20 16 D 11 5a. What percentage of students in this class are juniors?b. What percentage of students in
In college basketball, a turnover is defined as losing possession of the basketball to the opposing team without scoring a basket. In theory, reducing the number of turnovers increases the likelihood of winning a game. The following table categorizes the number of wins and losses by the number of
A snack-food company produces potato chips on three different production lines. Line 1 produces 20% of the total output, Line 2 produces 30%, and Line 3 produces the balance. Each line is sampled to ensure the salt content is within the proper range. Historically, 4% of Line 1’s output does not
A computer program consists of 1,000 lines of code. For the program to work properly, all 1,000 lines must be correct.Assume that the probability of any line of code being correct is 0.9999.a. What is the probability that the program will work properly?b. What assumptions do you need to make to
According to Internet World Stats, 79% of North American adults used the Internet in 2012. If five people are randomly chosen, what is the probability that all five use the Internet?AppendixLO1
A call center for customer support records the time each customer requires for service and whether the call occurred during the week (Monday through Friday) or during the weekend (Saturday and Sunday). The results are shown in the following table:Time (Minutes) Week Weekend Less than 5 15 3 5 to
I would like to order a car from the factory and I have to choose among the following categories:• exterior color (four choices)• interior color (four choices)• engine size (three choices)• transmission (two choices)• option packages (four choices)How many unique cars can I choose from
What is the probability of winning a 5/30 lottery game where 5 numbers are picked from a range of 30?AppendixLO1
A multiple-choice test has 10 questions, with each question having four choices.a. How many different ways can a student answer the 10 questions?b. What is the probability that a student who randomly answers each question will answer all of them correctly?AppendixLO1
How many different ways can 10 new movies be ranked first, second, and third by a movie critic?AppendixLO1
My bank requires me to establish a four-digit pin number for my debit card.a. How many possible pin numbers can I choose from?b. What is the probability that someone can correctly guess my pin number?AppendixLO1
A director for a play has to choose an actor to play a lead male role and an actress to play a lead female role. The director has to choose from among five males and seven females. Determine how many possible male–female combinations the director has to choose from for the two lead
If a salesperson is responsible for eight stores in her territory, determine how many different ways she can schedule a visit with five of them today.AppendixLO1
A graduate class has 12 students with A grades and 16 students with B grades. Calculate the number of ways in which 4 A students and 5 B students can be uniquely selected.AppendixLO1
The NFL has 32 teams that are evenly divided into two conferences, the NFC and the AFC. One team from each conference will play in the Super Bowl to determine the NFL champion.a. How many unique pairs of teams exist that can play in the Super Bowl?b. Do you have enough information from this problem
Using the 2k Ú n rule, determine the number of classes needed for the following data set sizes.a. n = 100b. n = 300c. n = 1,000d. n = 2,000 AppendixLO1
A data set that consists of 50 numbers has a minimum value of 16 and a maximum value of 74. Determine the class boundaries using the 2k Ú n rule if the data area. discreteb. continuous AppendixLO1
Consider the following discrete data:2 4 3 3 1 1 5 2 2 1 1 3 5 2 1 4 3 4 2 2 1 3 4 5a. Construct a frequency distribution.b. Construct a relative frequency distribution.c. Construct a cumulative relative frequency distribution.AppendixLO1
Consider the following continuous data. 17.5 19.8 29.9 28.1 15.7 21.7 33.6 21.1 19.8 32.7 15.1 13.9 31.8 39.8 33.1 19.6 23.5 42.8 21.7 36.8 35.6 14.5 24.2 14.7 19.2 21.8 20.7 26.9 26.7 35.2a. Construct a frequency distribution using the 2k Ú n rule.b. Construct a relative frequency distribution.c.
The results of a survey that collected the current credit card balances for 36 undergraduate college students are shown in the following table. These data can also be found in the Excel file college credit card.xlsx.$2,467 $3,373 $434 $1,426 $4,628 $167$5,927 $4,064 $4,503 $2,600 $3,673
The following table shows the number of students in the 25 classes being taught this semester at Goldey-Beacom College.32 42 42 24 33 25 37 23 35 18 46 37 34 25 45 38 28 42 32 43 43 36 28 27 40a. Using the 2k Ú n rule, construct a frequency distribution for these data.b. Using the results from
A major U.S. airline records the number of no-shows on a flight that operates each day from Philadelphia to Paris.A no-show is a passenger who purchases a ticket but fails to arrive at the gate at time of departure. The following table indicates the number of no-shows during the last 70
A major electronics retailer was recently sued by 40 employees who were laid off by the company. The employees claimed they were victims of age discrimination, which is illegal in the United States. The first of the two following tables shows the ages of the 40 employees who were laid off. The
The Excel file labeled Lowes.xlsx lists the receipt total for 350 randomly selected customers for Lowes, a home improvement store.a. Using Excel and the 2k Ú n rule, construct a frequency distribution for these data.b. Using the results from parta, calculate the relative frequencies for each
The Hawaii Island Chamber of Commerce collects ocean temperature data to help promote tourism for local businesses.The Excel file titled Hawaii ocean temps.xlsx lists daily ocean temperatures for the past 125 days.a. Using Excel, construct a frequency distribution for these data.b. Using the
The following table shows the results of a survey that asked users of the Internet to identify their favorite search engine. These data can be found in the Excel file search engine.xlsx. (For your information, Baidu is a Chineselanguage search engine.)Google Google Yahoo Google Google Bing Google
A restaurant manager surveys her customers after their dining experience. Customers rate their experience as Excellent (E), Good (G), Fair (F), or Poor (P). The following table records the experience of 60 customers and can be found in the Excel file dining experience.xlsx.G G E G F G G E G E F G P
Recently, a salary survey was conducted to measure the impact of having an MBA degree in various industries with four years of work experience. The following table summarizes these results:Four Years’ Experience Occupation No MBA MBA Consulting $66,271 $101,137 Energy $66,461 $84,701 Finance
A recent business trend is for companies to purchase online software applications (applications that can be run on the Internet) rather than to own and install the applications on their own computer systems. A recent survey asked 210 small business owners if they would pay a monthly subscription
The following table shows the number of graduating students in 2012 and 2013 with various majors at Sussex College.Major 2012 2013 Management 38 30 Marketing 24 39 Finance 31 40 Economics 13 16 Accounting 25 20 With the goal of comparing the number of graduating students from 2012 and 2013 for each
The following table shows the breakdown of gasoline prices in terms of its components.Component Percentage Crude oil 60.9 Taxes 15.1 Refining 13.7 Distribution and marketing 10.3 Based on: Energy Information Administration data.Construct a pie chart summarizing these data.AppehdixLO1
Opinion Research Corporation asked adults to describe the category that best describes their health care costs.The following table shows the number of adults in each category:Category Number of Adults Fairly priced 426 Expensive 274 Low cost 256 Don’t know 47 Construct a display that best
The following table shows the economic output, or gross domestic product (GDP), for various countries in 2002 and 2012:GDP ($ trillion)Country 2002 2012 United States $10.5 $15.7 Japan $4.0 $6.0 China $1.3 $8.3 Germany $2.0 $3.4 France $1.4 $2.6 United Kingdom $1.6 $2.4 Italy $1.2 $2.0 Construct a
The following table shows the final grades and genders of 24 students in a statistics class. These data can be found in the Excel file grade distribution.xlsx.Grade Gender Grade Gender B Male C Female A Female A Male B Female A Female C Male B Male B Male B Female B Female B Male A Female C Male C
A regional manager at Sears compares customer satisfaction ratings (1, 2, 3, or 4 stars) at the company’s Media,Pennsylvania, store (M); Exton, Pennsylvania, store (E);and Darby, Pennsylvania, store (D). The following table shows these data from 50 customers, which can also be found in the Excel
The following table shows the number of cars that arrived at a local Burger King drive-through during lunch hour(12:00–1:00 p.m.) over the past 39 days. These data can also be found in the Excel file Burger King.xlsx.50 27 52 22 29 54 44 37 35 40 55 40 24 51 42 49 48 44 38 67 23 43 45 59 41 50 21
The following table shows the ages of the top 25 golfers on the 2012 PGA money list which represents the top earners that year. These data can also be found in the Excel file PGA money list.xlsx.23 37 32 35 34 36 32 42 30 26 34 42 35 35 30 43 27 45 28 35 24 31 37 39 32 Based on: http://www.espn.com
Netflix is a company that provides online video streaming and a DVD-by-mail service for members since 1997. The following table shows the number of U.S. subscribers, in millions, each quarter from 2007 to 2012. These data can also be found in the Excel file Netflix subscribers.xlsx.Quarter 2007
Suppose the Internet retailer Buy.com would like to investigate the relationship between the amount of time in minutes a purchaser spends on its Web site and the amount of money he or she spends on an order. The following table shows the data from a random sample of 12 customers. These data can
Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc., produces video games such as Grand Auto Theft and NBA 2K9. The following table lists the company’s quarterly profits and losses from 2007 to 2012. These data can also be found in the Excel file Take Two.xlsx.Q 2007 ($) 2008 ($) 2009 ($) 2010 ($) 2011 ($) 2012
The following table shows the number of complaints received each day by a customer service department over the past 40 days. These data can also be found in the Excel file complaints.xlsx.8 10 8 2 4 13 23 10 6 3 18 16 11 3 3 17 12 8 10 6 3 19 9 10 21 11 8 10 0 7 20 13 18 3 5 19 2 8 10 9 a. Using
The Arizona Diamondbacks and the city of Phoenix are considering building a new baseball stadium for the Major League Baseball team. A decision needs to be made whether to enclose the new facility with a roof. To help make this decision, data were gathered on the number of days per month it rained
The following table shows the number of minutes that 48 Verizon Wireless customers used on their cell phone accounts last month. These data can also be found in the excel file wireless.xlsx.235 406 339 544 78 327 922 58 76 860 549 179 492 63 1,187 188 288 90 235 353 964 577 524 43 731 45 343 170
The following table lists the math SAT scores for 72 students.These data can also be found in the excel file math SAT scores.xlsx.586 621 613 493 552 449 559 672 428 409 571 449 498 457 578 369 511 726 566 412 795 382 607 701 739 359 354 517 384 196 496 515 439 493 508 535 507 509 428 612 530 556
The following data show the exam grades for two different sections of a statistics class that I teach. The first group of data is from a day section of traditional students. The second group of data is from my evening section, which is comprised mostly of older students who work full-time during
On-time arrival is a critical measurement in the airline industry.The Excel file titled airline arrivals.xlsx lists the number of minutes that a particular flight either arrived early (negative value) or late (positive value) over the past 300 days of operation.a. Using Excel and the 2k Ú n rule,
The following data show the average monthly revenue a store earned per customer by selling six different types of cell phones:Phone Average Revenue Per Customer ($)iPhone 95 Blackberry 85 LG 60 Samsung 55 Motorola 55 Prepaid 20 a. Construct a vertical bar chart for these data.b. Construct a
The recent downturn in the housing market can be measured by the number of days homes are on the market before they are sold. To compare the health of the housing market between the communities of Wayne, Pennsylvania,and Dover, Delaware, these data were collected for 100 homes from each city and
Charles Schwab conducted a survey that asked 1,252 young adults between the ages of 22 and 28 the following question:“What most surprised you as you began life on your own?” The following table summarizes the responses:Response Percentage High cost of living 26 Difficulty saving money 22 Number
The following table shows the number of wins for baseball teams in the National League Central Division for the 2011 and 2012 seasons:Team 2011 2012 St. Louis Cardinals 90 88 Chicago Cubs 71 61 Milwaukee Brewers 96 83 Cincinnati Reds 79 97 Houston Astros 56 55 Pittsburgh Pirates 72 79 Based on:
AutoBeef is a Web site to which customers post complaints about their cars. The following table lists the number of complaints and the type of complaints posted about used Ford Explorers:Complaint Frequency Transmission 721 Body 437 Wheels 164 Drivetrain 139 Windows 89 Engine 55 Interior 45
A survey conducted by NetApplications in January 2013 on the use of Internet browsers reported the following market shares:Browser Market Share (%)Internet Explorer 55.2 Firefox 20.0 Chrome 17.5 Safari 5.2 Opera 1.8 Other 0.3 Construct a pie chart to display these data.AppendixLO1
SnagAJob.com surveyed 551 hiring managers to ask them what recruiters looked for when hiring seasonal employees.The following table shows the results:Response Percentage Positive attitude 36 Ability to work the daily schedule 27 Previous experience in the industry 23 Commitment to work for the
The following table shows the sources of our electricity,according to the U.S. Department of Energy:Source Percentage Coal 48 Natural gas 21 Nuclear 20 Hydro 6 Other 4 Oil 1 Construct a pie chart to display these data.AppendixLO1
Data were collected about the time per day children 8 to 18 years old spent with various types of media. The following table reports the average time the children spent with each media category:Media Time Television content 4 hours 29 minutes Music/audio 2 hours 31 minutes Computer 1 hour 29
The following table shows the average number of viewers aged 18–49 who watch the ABC, CBS, FOX, or NBC networks at 10:00 p.m. The data were collected by Nielsen during the last week of January 2012 and 2013.Network Average Number of Viewers (Thousands)2012 2013 CBS 4,071 3,542 NBC 3,163 3,669 ABC
The following table indicates the market share for LCD televisions in the fourth quarter of 2011.Brand Market Share %Samsung 23.6 Vizio 15.4 LG 12.4 Sony 8.0 Toshiba 7.8 Construct a display that best describes these data.AppendixLO1
A Scottrade survey asked adults how much money they have saved for retirement. The data are as follows:How Much Percentage Less than $25,000 39$25,001 to $100,000 14$100,001 to $250,000 9$250,001 to $500,000 7 More than $500,000 7 Not sure 24 Construct a display that best describes these
The following table shows the average 401(k) balances, in thousands of dollars, by age group according to the AARP.Age Group Balance ($)50–54 224 55–59 250 60–64 234 65–69 228 70 and older 230 Construct a display that best describes these data.AppendixLO1
The following table displays the average mathematics scores from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) for fourth graders in 1995 and 2011 for various countries.Average Math Score Country 1995 2011 Singapore 590 606 Japan 567 585 Great Britain 484 542 United States 518
The following table provides the new housing starts, in thousands, in different regions in the United States over a three-year period.Region 2010 2011 2012 Northeast 71.6 67.7 77.8 Midwest 97.9 100.9 128.8 South 297.5 307.8 398.7 West 119.9 132.5 174.7 Based on: U.S. Department of
The following data shows the ages of 55 current BMW owners. These data can also be found in the Excel file BMW owners.xlsx.28 50 37 51 42 27 40 38 46 48 56 29 44 40 42 46 50 30 60 30 43 66 32 36 35 48 47 43 39 26 44 32 35 47 42 47 34 39 34 60 43 26 50 43 61 42 32 45 46 49 54 51 39 26 49 a. Using
A survey asked 614 small-business owners if they found their company’s Facebook presence valuable. The results are shown in the following table.Response Percentage Yes 42 No 30 Don’t have a presence 23 No longer have a presence 5 Construct a display that best presents these data.AppendixLO1
Xr14-76 Headaches are one of the most common, but least understood, ailments. Most people get headaches several times per month; over-the-counter medication is usually sufficient to eliminate their pain. However, for a significant proportion of people, headaches are debilitating and make their
Xr14-77 Most college instructors prefer to have their students participate actively in class. Ideally, students will ask their professor questions and answer their professor’s questions, making the classroom experience more interesting and useful. Many professors seek ways to encourage their
Xr14-81 Each year billions of dollars are lost because of worker injuries on the job. Costs can be decreased if injured workers can be rehabilitated quickly. As part of an analysis of the amount of time taken for workers to return to work, a sample was taken of male blue-collar workers aged 35 to
Xr14-82 In the past decade, American companies have spent nearly $1 trillion on computer systems. However, productivity gains have been quite small.During the 1980s, productivity in U.S. service industries (where most computers are used) grew by only .7% annually. In the 1990s, this figure rose to
Xr14-85 In marketing children’s products, it is extremely important to produce television commercials that hold the attention of the children who view them. A psychologist hired by a marketing research firm wants to determine whether differences in attention span exist between children watching
Xr14-86 On reconsidering the experiment in Exercise 14.85, the psychologist decides that the age of the child may influence the attention span. Consequently, the experiment is redone in the following way. Three children of each age (10 year olds, 9 year olds, 8 year olds, 7 year olds, 6 year olds,
Xr14-87 It is important for salespeople to be knowledgeable about how people shop for certain products.Suppose that a new car salesperson believes that the age and gender of a car shopper affect the way he or she makes an offer on a car. He records the initial offers made by a group of men and
Xr14-90 Increasing tuition has resulted in some students being saddled with large debts on graduation.To examine this issue, a random sample of recent graduates was asked to report whether they had student loans; if so, how much was the debt at graduation?Those who reported they owed money were
Xr14-91 Studies indicate that single male investors tend to take the most risk, whereas married female investors tend to be conservative. This raises the question, Which does best? The risk-adjusted returns for single and married men, and for single and married women were recorded. Can we infer
Xr14-92 Like all other fine restaurants Ye Olde Steak House in Windsor, Ontario, attempts to have three“seatings” on weekend nights. Three seatings means that each table gets three different sets of customers. Obviously, any group that lingers over dessert and coffee may result in the loss of
Xr14-93 When the stock market has a large 1-day decline, does it bounce back the next day or does the bad news endure? To answer this question, an economist examined a random sample of daily changes to the Toronto Stock Index (TSE). He recorded the percent change. He classified declines as down by
Xr14-94 Stock market investors are always seeking the“Holy Grail,” a sign that tells them the market has bottomed out or achieved its highest level. There are several indicators. One is the buy signal developed by Gerald Appel, who believed that a bottom has been reached when the difference
Xr14-95 Millions of North Americans spend up to several hours a day commuting to and from work.Aside from the wasted time, are there other negative effects associated with fighting traffic? A study by Statistics Canada may shed light on the issue.A random sample of adults was surveyed. Among other
Xr12-126* In Exercise 12.126, marketing managers for the JC Penney department store chain segmented the market for women’s apparel on the basis of personal and family values. The segments are labeled Conservative, Traditional, and Contemporary.Recall that the classification was done on the basis
Xr13-21* Exercise 13.21 addressed the problem of determining whether the distances young (less than 25) males and females drive annually differ.Included in the data is also the number of accidents that each person was involved in the past 2 years.Responses are 0, 1, or 2 or more. Do the data allow
Xr13-111* The objective in Exercise 13.111 was to determine whether various market segments were more likely to use the Quik Lube service. Included with the data is also the age (in months) of the car. Do the data allow us to conclude that there are differences in the age between the four market
XrA14-13 Does driving an ABS-equipped car change the behavior of drivers? To help answer this question, the following experiment was undertaken. A random sample of 200 drivers who currently operate cars without ABS was selected.Each person was given an identical car to drive for 1 year. Half the
XrA14-15 Researchers at the University of Washington conducted an experiment to determine whether the herbal remedy Echinacea is effective in treating children’s colds and other respiratory infection (National Post, December 3, 2003). A sample of 524 children was recruited.Half the sample treated
XrA14-18 Billions of dollars are spent annually by Americans for the care and feeding of pets. A survey conducted by the American Veterinary Medical Association drew a random sample of 1,328 American households and asked whether they owned a pet and, if so, the type of animal. In addition, each was
GSS2008* Can we infer from the data that the majority of Americans support capital punishment for murderers? (CAPPUN: 1 Favor, 2 Oppose)
GSS2008* Test to determine whether Democrats and Republicans differ in their answers to the question, Have you ever taken any drugs by injection (heroine, cocaine, etc.)? (EVIDU: 1 Yes, 2 No)
GSS2008* Is there enough evidence to infer that differences in the amount of television watched(TVHOURS) differs between classes (CLASS)?A14.22 GSS2008* Do the data provide enough statistical evidence to conclude that differences in number of hours worked (HRS) exist between the three races (RACE)?
GSS2006* GSS2008* Is there sufficient evidence to infer that on average Americans have aged (AGE)between 2006 and 2008?
ANES2008* Can we conclude that differences in having access to the Internet (ACCESS: 1 Yes, 5 No) differs between Republicans and Democrats(PARTY: 1 Democrat, 2 Republican)?A14.25 ANES2008* Can we conclude that differences in age(AGE) exist between liberals, moderates, and
Construct an Excel spreadsheet that performs the t-test of . Inputs: sample mean, sample standard deviation, sample size, hypothesized mean. Outputs: Test statistic, critical values, and one- and two-tail p-values. Tools: TINV, TDIST.
Create a spreadsheet that computes the t-estimate of . Inputs: sample mean, sample standard deviation, sample size, and confidence level. Outputs: Upper and lower confidence limits. Tools: TINV.
a. A random sample of 25 was drawn from a population.The sample mean and standard deviation are and s 125. Estimate with 95%confidence.b. Repeat part (a) with n 50.c. Repeat part (a) with n 100.d. Describe what happens to the confidence interval estimate when the sample size increases.x =
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