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Statistics For Management And Economics 9th Edition Gerald Keller, Kenneth C Louden - Solutions

Xr03-32 The number of earned degrees (thousands)for males and females is listed below for the years 1987 to 2006. Graph both sets of data. What do the graphs tell you?Year Female Male 1987 941 882 1988 954 881 1989 986 887 1990 1035 905 1991 1097 928 1992 1147 961 1993 1182 985 1994 1211 995 1995
Xr03-33 The number of property crimes (burglary, larceny, theft, car theft) (in thousands) for the years 1992 to 2006 are listed next. Draw a line chart and interpret the results.Year Crimes Year Crimes 1992 12506 2000 10183 1993 12219 2001 10437 1994 12132 2002 10455 1995 12064 2003 10443 1996
Xr03-34 Refer to Exercise 3.33. Another way of measuring the number of property crimes is to calculate the number of crimes per 100,000 of population.This allows us to remove the effect of the increasing population. Graph these data and interpret your findings.Year Crimes Year Crimes 1992 4868 2000
Xr03-35 The gross national product (GNP) is the sum total of the economic output of a the citizens(nationals) of a country. It is an important measure of the wealth of a country. The following table lists the year and the GNP in billions of current dollars for the United States.a. Graph the GNP.
Xr03-36 The average daily U.S. oil consumption and production (thousands of barrels) is shown for the years 1973 to 2007. Use a graphical technique to describe these figures. What does the graph tell you?Year 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Consumption 17,318 16,655 16,323 17,460
Xr03-37 Has housing been a hedge against inflation in the last 20 years? To answer this question, we produced the following table, which lists the average selling price of one-family homes in all of the United States, the Northeast, Midwest, South, and West for the years 1988 to 2007, as well as
Xr03-38 How has the size of government changed?To help answer this question, we recorded the U.S.federal budget receipts and outlays (billions of current dollars) for the years 1980 to 2007.a. Use a graphical technique to describe the receipts and outlays of the annual U.S. federal government
Repeat Exercise 3.39 using the CPI-Annual file to convert all amounts to constant 1982–1984 dollars.Draw a line chart to show these data.
Xr03-41 Refer to Example 3.5. The following table lists the average gasoline consumption in miles per gallon (MPG) and the average distance (thousands of miles) driven by cars in each of the years 1980 to 2006. (The file contains the average price for each year, the annual CPI, fuel consumption and
Xr03-42 The monthly value of U.S. exports to Canada (in $millions) and imports from Canada from 1985 to 2009 were recorded. (Source: Federal Reserve Economic Data.)a. Draw a line chart of U.S. exports to Canada.b. Draw a line chart of U.S. imports from Canada.c. Calculate the trade balance and draw
Xr03-43 The monthly value of U.S. exports to Japan(in $ millions) and imports from Japan from 1985 to 2009 were recorded. (Source: Federal Reserve Economic Data.)a. Draw a line chart of U.S. exports to Japan.b. Draw a line chart of U.S. imports from Japan.c. Calculate the trade balance and draw a
Xr03-44 The value of the Canadian dollar in U.S. dollars was recorded monthly for the period 1971 to 2009. Draw a graph of these figures and interpret your findings.
Xr03-45 The value of the Japanese yen in U.S.dollars was recorded monthly for the period 1971 to 2009. Draw a graph of these figures and interpret your findings.
Xr03-46 The Dow Jones Industrial Average was recorded monthly for the years 1950 to 2009.Use a graph to describe these numbers. (Source:Wall Street Journal.)
Refer to Exercise 3.46. Use the CPI-monthly file to measure the Dow Jones Industrial Average in 1982–1984 constant dollars. What have you learned?
A real estate agent wanted to know to what extent the selling price of a home is related to its size. To acquire this information, he took a sample of 12 homes that had recently sold, recording the price in thousands of dollars and the size in square feet. These data are listed in the accompanying
Xr03-48 Between 2002 and 2005, there was a decrease in movie attendance. There are several reasons for this decline. One reason may be the increase in DVD sales. The percentage of U.S. homes with DVD players and the movie attendance (billions) in the United States for the years 2000 to 2005 are
Xr03-49 Because inflation reduces the purchasing power of the dollar, investors seek investments that will provide higher returns when inflation is higher.It is frequently stated that common stocks provide just such a hedge against inflation. The annual percentage rates of return on common stock
Xr03-50 In a university where calculus is a prerequisite for the statistics course, a sample of 15 students was drawn. The marks for calculus and statistics were recorded for each student. The data are as follows:Calculus 65 58 93 68 74 81 58 85 Statistics 74 72 84 71 68 85 63 73 Calculus 88 75 63
Xr03-51 The cost of repairing cars involved in accidents is one reason that insurance premiums are so high. In an experiment, 10 cars were driven into a wall. The speeds were varied between 2 and 20 mph.The costs of repair were estimated and are listed here. Draw an appropriate graph to analyze the
Xr03-52 The growing interest in and use of the Internet have forced many companies into considering ways to sell their products on the Web.Therefore, it is of interest to these companies to determine who is using the Web. A statistics practitioner undertook a study to determine how education and
Xr03-53 A statistics professor formed the opinion that students who handed in quiz and exams early outperformed students who handed in their papers later. To develop data to decide whether her opinion is valid, she recorded the amount of time (in minutes)taken by students to submit their midterm
Xr03-54 In an attempt to determine the factors that affect the amount of energy used, 200 households were analyzed. The number of occupants and the amount of electricity used were measured for each household.a. Draw a graph of the data.b. What have you learned from the graph?
3.57 Xr03-57 Do chief executive officers (CEOs) of publicly traded companies earn their compensation?Every year the National Post’s Business magazine attempts to answer the question by reporting the CEO’s annual compensation ($1,000), the profit (or loss) ($1,000), and the three-year share
Xr03-58 Are younger workers less likely to stay with their jobs? To help answer this question, a random sample of workers was selected. All were asked to report their ages and how many months they had been employed with their current employers. Use a graphical technique to summarize these
Xr03-60 An analyst employed at a commodities trading firm wanted to explore the relationship between prices of grains and livestock.Theoretically, the prices should move in the same direction because, as the price of livestock increases, more livestock are bred, resulting in a greater demand for
Xr03-61 It is generally believed that higher interest rates result in less employment because companies are more reluctant to borrow to expand their business.To determine whether there is a relationship between bank prime rate and unemployment, an economist collected the monthly prime bank rate and
ANES2004* Do younger people have more education(EDUC) than older people (AGE)? Use the American National Election Survey from 2004 and a graphical technique to help answer the question.In the 2008 survey American adults were asked to report the amount of time (in minutes) that each person spent in
ANES2008* Use a graphical technique to determine whether people who spend more time reading news on the Internet also devote more time to watching news on television.
ANES2008* Analyze the relationship between the amount time reading news on the Internet and reading news in a printed newspaper. Does it appear that they are linearly related?
ANES2008* Refer to Exercise 3.64. Study the scatter diagram. Does it appear that something is wrong with the data? If so, how do you correct the problem and determine whether a linear relationship exists?
ANES2008* Graphically describe the relationship between the amount of time watching news on television and listening to news on the radio. Are the two linearly related?
ANES2008* Do younger people spend more time reading news on the Internet than older people? Use a graphical technique to help answer the question.
GSS2008* Do more educated people tend to marry people with more education? Draw a scatter diagram of EDUC and SPEDUC to answer the question.
GSS2008* Do the children of more educated men(PAEDUC) have more education (EDUC)?Produce a graph that helps answer the question.
GSS2008* Is there a positive linear relationship between the amount of education of mothers (MAEDUC)and their children (EDUC)? Draw a scatter diagram to answer the question.
GSS2008* If one member of a married couple works more hours (HRS) does his or her spouse work less hours (SPHRS)? Draw a graph to produce the information you need.
A computer company has diversified its operations into financial services, construction, manufacturing, and hotels. In a recent annual report, the following tables were provided. Create charts to present these data so that the differences between last year and the previous year are clear. (Note: It
Xr03-73 The following table lists the number (in thousands) of violent crimes and property crimes committed annually in 1985 to 2006 (the last year data were available).a. Draw a chart that displays both sets of data.b. Does it appear that crime rates are decreasing?Explain.c. Is there another
Xr03-74 Refer to Exercise 3.73. We’ve added the United States population.a. Incorporate this variable into your charts to show crime rate trends.b. Summarize your findings.c. Can you think of another demographic variable that may explain crime rate trends?
Xr03-75 Refer to Exercises 3.73 and 3.74.We’ve included the number of Americans aged 15 to 24.a. What is the significance of adding the populations aged 15 to 24?b. Include these data in your analysis. What have you discovered?
Xr03-76 To determine premiums for automobile insurance, companies must have an understanding of the variables that affect whether a driver will have an accident. The age of the driver may top the list of variables. The following table lists the number of drivers in the United States, the number of
Xr03-77 During 2002 in the state of Florida, a total of 365,474 drivers were involved in car accidents. The accompanying table breaks down this number by the age group of the driver and whether the driver was injured or killed. (There were actually 371,877 accidents, but the driver’s age was not
Xr03-78 The accompanying table lists the average test scores in the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) for the years 1967, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, and 1997 to 2007.Year Verbal All Verbal Male Verbal Female Math All Math Male Math Female 1967 543 540 545 516 535 595 1970 537 536 538 512
2006, Table
2009, Table 258.Draw a chart for each of the following.a. You wish to show that both verbal and mathematics test scores for all students have not changed much over the years.b. The exact opposite of part (a).c. You want to claim that there are no differences between genders.d. You want to
Xr03-79 The monthly unemployment rate in one state for the past 12 months is listed here.a. Draw a bar chart of these data with 6.0% as the lowest point on the vertical axis.b. Draw a bar chart of these data with 0.0% as the lowest point on the vertical axis.c. Discuss the impression given by the
Xr03-80 The accompanying table lists the federal minimum wage from 1955 to 2007. The actual and adjusted minimum wages (in constant 1996 dollars) are listed.a. Suppose you wish to show that the federal minimum wage has grown rapidly over the years.Draw an appropriate chart.b. Draw a chart to
Xr03-81 The following table shows school enrollment(in thousands) for public and private schools for the years 1965 to 2005.a. Draw charts that allow you to claim that enrollment in private schools is “skyrocketing.”b. Draw charts that “prove” public school enrollment is stagnant.Year
Xr03-82 The following table lists the percentage of single and married women in the United States who had jobs outside the home during the period 1970 to 2007.a. Construct a chart that shows that the percentage of married women who are working outside the home has not changed much in the past 47
Xr03-83 Gold and other precious metals have traditionally been considered a hedge against inflation. If this is true, we would expect that a fund made up of precious metals (gold, silver, platinum, and others) would have a strong positive relationship with the inflation rate. To see whether this is
Xr03-84 The monthly values of one Australian dollar measured in American dollars since 1971 were recorded. Draw a graph that shows how the exchange rate has varied over the 38-year period.(Source: Federal Reserve Economic Data.)
Xr03-86 An economist wanted to determine whether a relationship existed between interest rates and currencies(measured in U.S. dollars). He recorded the monthly interest rate and the currency indexes for the years 1982 to 2008. Graph the data and describe the results. (Source: Bridge Commodity
Xr03-87 One hundred students who had reported that they use their computers for at least 20 hours per week were asked to keep track of the number of crashes their computers incurred during a 12-week period. Using an appropriate statistical method, summarize the data. Describe your findings.
Xr03-88 In Chapters 16, 17, and 18, we introduce regression analysis, which addresses the relationships among variables. One of the first applications of regression analysis was to analyze the relationship between the heights of fathers and sons. Suppose that a sample of 80 fathers and sons was
Xr03-89 When the Dow Jones Industrial Averages index increases, it usually means that the economy is growing, which in turn usually means that the unemployment rate is low. A statistics professor pointed out that in numerous periods (including when this edition was being written), the stock market
Xr03-90 The monthly values of one British pound measured in American dollars since 1987 were recorded. Produce a graph that shows how the exchange rate has varied over the past 23 years.(Source: Federal Reserve Economic Data.)
Xr03-91 Do better golfers play faster than poorer ones? To determine whether a relationship exists, a sample of 125 foursomes was selected. Their total scores and the amount of time taken to complete the 18 holes were recorded. Graphically depict the data, and describe what they tell you about the
Xr03-92 The value of monthly U.S. exports to Mexico and imports from Mexico (in $ millions)since 1985 were recorded. (Source: Federal Reserve Economic Data.)a. Draw a chart that depicts exports.b. Draw a chart that exhibits imports.c. Compute the trade balance and graph these data.d. What do these
Xr03-94 Most publicly traded companies have boards of directors. The rate of pay varies considerably.A survey was undertaken by the Globe and Mail(February 19, 2001) wherein 100 companies were surveyed and asked to report how much their directors were paid annually. Use a graphical technique to
Xr03-95 Refer to Exercise 3.94. In addition to reporting the annual payment per director, the survey recorded the number of meetings last year. Use a graphical technique to summarize and present these data.
Xr03-96 Is airline travel becoming safer? To help answer this question, a student recorded the number of fatal accidents and the number of deaths that occurred in the years 1986 to 2007 for scheduled airlines.Use a graphical method to answer the question.(Source: Statistical Abstract of the United
Xr03-98 Several years ago, the Barnes Exhibit toured major cities all over the world, with millions of people flocking to see it. Dr. Albert Barnes was a wealthy art collector who accumulated a large number of impressionist masterpieces; the total exceeds 800 paintings. When Dr. Barnes died in
Xm03-03* Xm03-04* Examples 3.3 and 3.4 listed the final marks in the business statistics course and the mathematical statistics course. The professor also provided the final marks in the first-year required calculus course. Graphically describe the relationship between calculus and statistics
When will the world run out of oil? One way to judge is to determine the oil reserves of the countries around the world. The next table displays the known oil reserves of the top 15 countries.Graphically describe the figures.Country Reserves Brazil 12,620,000,000 Canada 178,100,000,000 China
Refer to Exercise 2.11. The total reserves in the world are 1,348,528,420,000 barrels. The total reserves of the top 15 countries are 1,232,210,000,000 barrels.Use a graphical technique that emphasizes the percentage breakdown of the top 15 countries plus others. Briefly describe your findings.
The following table lists the average oil consumption per day for the top 15 oil-consuming countries. Use a graphical technique to present these figures.Consumption Country (barrels per day)Brazil 2,520,000 Canada 2,260,000 China 7,850,000 France 1,986,000 Germany 2,569,000 India 2,940,000 Iran
There are 42 gallons in a barrel of oil. The number of products produced and the proportion of the total are listed in the following table. Draw a graph to depict these numbers. What can you conclude from your graph?Product Percent of Total (%)Gasoline 51.4 Distillate fuel oil 15.3 Jet fuel 12.6
The following table displays the energy consumption pattern of Australia. The figures measure the heat content in metric tons (1,000 kilograms) of oil equivalent. Draw a graph that depicts these numbers and explain what you have learned.Energy Sources Heat Content Nonrenewable Coal and coal
The planet may be threatened by global warming, which may be caused by the burning of fossil fuels (petroleum, natural gas, and coal) that produces carbon dioxide (CO2). The following table lists the top 15 producers of CO2 and the annual amounts(million of metric tons) from fossil fuels.
The production of steel has often been used as a measure of the economic strength of a country.The following table lists the steel production in the 20 largest steel-producing nations in 2008. The units are millions of metric tons. Use a graphical technique to display these figures.Steel Steel
In 2003 (latest figures available) the United States generated 251.3 million tons of garbage. The following table lists the amounts by source. Use one or more graphical techniques to present these figures.Amount Source (millions of tons)Paper and paperboard 85.2 Glass 13.3 Metals 19.1 Plastics 29.4
In the last five years, the city of Toronto has intensified its efforts to reduce the amount of garbage that is taken to landfill sites. [Currently, the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) disposes of its garbage in a dump site in Michigan.] A current analysis of GTA reveals that 36% of waste collected is
The following table lists the top 10 countries and amounts of oil (millions of barrels annually)they exported to the United States in 2007.Country Oil Imports Algeria 162 Angola 181 Canada 681 Iraq 177 Kuwait 64 Mexico 514 Nigeria 395 Saudi Arabia 530 United Kingdom 37 Venezuela 420 Source:
The following table lists the percentage of males and females in five age groups that did not have health insurance in the United States in September 2008. Use a graphical technique to present these figures.Age Group Male Female Under 18 8.5 8.5 18–24 32.3 24.9 25–34 30.4 21.4 35–44 21.3 17.1
The following table lists the average costs for a family of four to attend a game at a National Football League (NFL) stadium compared to a Canadian Football League (CFL) stadium. Use a graphical technique that allows the reader to compare each component of the total cost.NFL CFL Four tickets
Xr02-23 Productivity growth is critical to the economic well-being of companies and countries. In the table below we list the average annual growth rate(in percent) in productivity for the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development(OECD) countries. Use graphical technique to present
Xr02-24 In an attempt to stimulate the economy in 2008, the U.S. government issued rebate checks totaling $107 billion. A survey conducted by the National Retail Federation (NRF) asked recipients what they intended to do with their rebates. The choices are:1. Buy something 2. Pay down debt 3.
Xr02-25 Refer to Exercise 2.24. Those who responded that they planned to buy something were askedwhat they intended to buy. Here is a list of their responses.1. Home improvement project 2. Purchase appliances 3. Purchase automobles 4. Purchase clothing 5. Purchase electronics 6. Purchase furniture
What are the most important characteristics of colleges and universities? This question was asked of a sample of college-bound high school seniors.The responses are:1. Location 2. Majors 3. Academic reputation 4. Career focus 5. Community 6. Number of students The results are stored using the
Where do consumers get information about cars? A sample of recent car buyers was asked to identify the most useful source of information about the cars they purchased. The responses are:1. Consumer guide 2. Dealership 3. Word of mouth 4. Internet The responses were stored using the
A survey asked 392 homeowners which area of their homes they would most like to renovate.The responses and frequencies are shown next. Use a graphical technique to present these results.Briefly summarize your findings.Area Code Basement 1 Bathroom 2 Bedroom 3 Kitchen 4 Living/dining room 5
Xr02-29 Subway train riders frequently pass the time by reading a newspaper. New York City has a subway and four newspapers. A sample of 360 subway riders who regularly read a newspaper was asked to identify that newspaper. The responses are:1. New York Daily News 2. New York Post 3. New York Times
Xr02-30 Who applies to MBA programs? To help determine the background of the applicants, a sample of 230 applicants to a university’s business school was asked to report their undergraduate degrees.The degrees were recorded using these codes.1. BA 2. BBA 3 BEng 4. BSc 5. Othera. Determine the
Xr02-31 Many business and economics courses require the use of computer, so students often must buy their own computers. A survey asks students to identify which computer brands they have purchased.The responses are:1. IBM 2. Compaq 3. Dell 4. Othera. Use a graphical technique that depicts the
Xr02-32 An increasing number of statistics courses use a computer and software rather than manual calculations.A survey of statistics instructors asked them to report the software their courses use. The responses are:1. Excel 2. Minitab 3. SAS 4. SPSS 5. Othera. Produce a frequency distribution.b.
Xr02-33* The total light beer sales in the United States are approximately 3 million gallons annually. With this large of a market, breweries often need to know more about who is buying their product. The marketing manager of a major brewery wanted to analyze the light beer sales among college and
GSS2008* In the 2008 General Social Survey, respondents were asked to identify their race (RACE) using the following categories:1. White 2. Black 3. Other Summarize the results using an appropriate graphical technique and interpret your findings.
GSS2008* Several questions deal with education. One question in the 2008 survey asked respondents to indicate their highest degree (DEGREE). The responses are:0. Left high school 1. Completed high school 2. Completed junior college 3. Completed bachelor’s degree 4. Completed graduate degree Use a
GSS2006* Refer to the GSS in 2006. Responses to the question about marital status (MARITAL) were:1. Married 2. Widowed 3. Divorced 4. Separated 5. Never Marrieda. Create a frequency distributionb. Use a graphical method to present these data and briefly explain what the graph reveals.
GSS2004* Refer to the 2004 GSS, which asked about individual’s class (CLASS). The responses were:1. Lower class 2. Working class 3. Middle class 4. Upper class Summarize the data using a graphical method and describe your findings.
A major North American city has four competing newspapers: the Globe and Mail(G&M), Post, Star and Sun. To help design advertising campaigns, the advertising managers of the newspapers need to know which segments of the newspaper market are reading their papers. A survey was conducted to
Xr02-38 Has the educational level of adults changed over the past 15 years? To help answer this question, the Bureau of Labor Statistics compiled the following table; it lists the number (1,000) of adults 25 years of age and older who are employed. Use a graphical technique to present these
Xr02-39 How do governments spend the tax dollars they collect, and has this changed over the past 15 years? The following table displays the amounts spent by the federal, state, and local governments on consumption expenditures and gross investments.Consumption expenditures are services (such as
Xr02-15* The table below displays the energy consumption patterns of Australia and New Zealand.The figures measure the heat content in metric tons(1,000 kilograms) of oil equivalent. Use a graphical technique to display the differences between the sources of energy for the two countries.Energy
Xr02-41 The average loss from a robbery in the United States in 2004 was $1,308 (Source: U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation). Suppose that a government agency wanted to know whether the type of robbery differed between 1990, 1995, 2000, and 2006. A random sample of robbery reports was taken from
Xr02-42 The associate dean of a business school was looking for ways to improve the quality of the applicants to its MBA program. In particular, she wanted to know whether the undergraduate degree of applicants differed among her school and the three nearby universities with MBA programs. She
Xr02-43 Is there brand loyalty among car owners in their purchases of gasoline? To help answer the question, a random sample of car owners was asked to record the brand of gasoline in their last two purchases(1 Exxon, 2 Amoco, 3 Texaco, 4 Other). Use a tabular technique to formulate your
Xr02-44 The costs of smoking for individuals, companies for whom they work, and society in general is in the many billions of dollars. In an effort to reduce smoking, various government and nongovernment organizations have undertaken information campaigns about the dangers of smoking.Most of these
Xr02-45 In 2007, 3,882,000 men and 3,196,000 women were unemployed at some time during the year (Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). A statistics practitioner wanted to investigate the reasons for unemployment and whether the reasons differed by gender. A random sample of people 16 years of

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