Data And Computer Communications 10th Edition William Stallings - Solutions

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■ The captain of Rottingdale Cricket Club wants a website to show visitors results of matches this season and forthcoming fixtures. They have two teams, the first XI and the second XI and they play matches every Saturday and Sunday throughout the summer.
■ A local hot-food, take-away restaurant requires a website to display prices, photos, opening times, delivery costs and how to get to the restaurant.
■ Uncle Horace wants to store his digital holiday photos in a format in which he can easily see them.
2. Choose one of the scenarios below and produce the screen designs:
1. Produce a design for the Germany page of the Perfect Cottages website. Remember that there are 19 cottages.It needs to include the company logo, a thumbnail and a small amount of text for each cottage, and a link back to the home page.
When your designs are finished, you should be able to give them to a third party (such as someone else in your class) and they should be able to implement the solution if required.
How big should the designs be?
■ The West Gower Youth Centre wants to set up a website so that youngsters can find out what is happening at the centre in the next month
■ The Bridge Hotel near Snowdon in North Wales would like a small website to advertise their 12 single and 23 double rooms.
■ The captain of Rottingdale Cricket Club wants a website to show visitors results of matches this season and forthcoming fixtures. They have two teams, the first XI and the second XI and they play matches every Saturday and Sunday throughout the summer.
■ A local hot-food, take-away restaurant requires a website to display prices, photos, opening times, delivery costs and how to get to the restaurant.
Uncle Horace wants to store his digital holiday photos in a format in which he can easily see them.
■ What image do you want the site to have? Reliable? Conservative?Modern?
■ Who is the intended audience for this website?
■ Is there a company font?
■ What are the company colours?
■ If yes, do you have an electronic version of it?
■ Does the company have a logo?
■ What contact details do you want on the site?
■ How many forthcoming show dates are there?
■ Who will provide the text for the images and other wording for the site?
■ Is there text to go with the images?
How big are these images?
■ How many are there likely to be?
■ What images do you think you want on the site?
Do you want a home page and several other pages?
■ How often will the site be updated?
■ Are they logical and organised?
■ Are they computer literate?
■ Have they ever updated a website before?
7. Who will keep the site up to date?
6. Read case study 4. Describe four actions that Andrea Osbourne could have taken to prevent the injury occurring.
5. A clerk working in the accounts department of a large company spends all day entering employee timesheet data into the company’s payroll system. The clerk uses a terminal linked to the company’s main computer.To ensure the health and safety of the clerk, state, with reasons:a) two work
4. Mr Hadawi is setting up a new office for his car-hire business. He needs to equip the office with a computer that will be used all day by his employee. Mr Hadawi wishes to ensure the health and safety of his employee.Describe two features that Mr Hadawi should consider when buying and installing
3. An ICT professional within a company has been asked to produce health and safety guidelines for employees working with ICT. The guidelines will be stored on the company’s intranet so that all employees can access them at all times.State four guidelines that you would include and explain the
2. If software is not designed properly, it can cause stress in a user. For example, if a data entry screen is cluttered with multi-coloured and unnecessary images, the user can become confused and disoriented.Describe three other features in the design of a software package that could cause stress
1. Your sister has just left university and has got a job creating websites and animations. This means that she will be sitting at a computer for most of her working day.What advice would you give her about protecting her health while at work? (3)
2. How you can reduce the risk of health problems?
1. What advice would you give to Isabelle’s mother to reduce the risk of damage to her daughter’s health?
Prior to persistent connections, one separate TCP connection was used to fetch each URL. Analyze the advantages of persistent connections over the old HTTP paradigm of one connection per data transfer.
Before the deployment of DNS, a simple text file (HOSTS.TXT) centrally maintained at the SRI Network Information Center was used to enable mapping between host names and addresses. Each host connected to the Internet had to have an updated local copy of it to be able to use host names instead of
A user on the host 170.210.17.145 is using a Web browser to visit www.example.com.In order to resolve the “www.example.com” domain to an IP address, a query is sent to an authoritative name server for the “example.com” domain. In response, the name server returns a list of four IP addresses
Secondary name servers periodically query the primary to check whether the zone data has been updated. Regardless of how many resource records the zone data contains, the secondary name servers need to query the primary only one resource record to detect any changes on the zone data. Which resource
With the widespread use of x-DSL and cable-modem technologies, many home users now host Web sites on their own desktop computers. As their IP addresses are dynamically assigned by their Internet service providers (ISPs), users must update their DNS records every time their IP addresses change
Type dig www.example.com A in order to get the IP address of www.example.com.What’s the TTL of the A record returned in the response? Wait a while, and repeat the query. Why has the TTL changed?
Choose a root server, and use the dig tool to send it a query for the IP address of www.example.com, with the RD (Recursion Desired) bit set. Does it support recursive lookups? Why or why not?
Discuss the advantages of using several stub resolvers along with a caching-only name server, instead of several full resolvers.
The dig tool provides easy interactive access to the DNS. The dig tool is available for UNIX and Windows operating systems. It can also be used from the Web. Here are two sites that, at the time of this writing, provided free access to dig:http://www.gont.com.ar/tools/dig
We query an authoritative name server for the example.com zone in order to get the IP address of www.example.com, the Web site of a large company. We get eight A records in response to our query. We repeat this query several times, and note that we continue getting the same eight A records, but in
Name servers can be accessed on UDP port 53 as well as on TCP port 53. When is each protocol used, and why?
What’s the main difference between a primary and a secondary name server?
A DNS resolver typically issues a query using UDP but may also use TCP. Is there a problem using TCP for this purpose? If so, what do you suggest is the solution? Hint:Consider the TCP and UDP headers.
Classify a DNS resolver and a DNS name server as client, server, or both.
Although TCP is a full-duplex protocol, SMTP uses TCP in a half-duplex fashion.The client sends a command and then stops and waits for the reply. How can this halfduplex operation fool the TCP slow-start mechanism when the network is running near capacity?
Users are free to define and use additional header fields other than the ones defined in RFC 822. Such header fields must begin with the string “X-”. Why?
We’ve seen that the character sequence “.” indicates the end of mail data to an SMTP-server. What happens if the mail data itself contains that character sequence?
Suppose you need to send one message to three different users: http://user1@example.com, user2@example.com, and user3@example.com. Is there any difference between sending one separate message per user and sending only one message with multiple(three) recipients? Explain.
Explain the differences between the intended use for the quoted-printable and base64 encodings.
Excluding the connection establishment and termination, what is the minimum number of network round trips to send a small e-mail message using SMTP?
Electronic mail systems differ in the manner in which multiple recipients are handled.In some systems, the originating user agent or mail sender makes all the necessary copies and these are sent out independently. An alternative approach is to determine the route for each destination first. Then a
What is the function of the cache in HTTP?
Explain the difference between the recursive technique and the iterative technique in DNS.
What is the difference between a domain and a zone?
What is a DNS resource record?
What is the difference between a name server and a resolver in DNS?
What is DNS?
Briefly explain radix-64 encoding.
What is the difference between a MIME content type and a MIME transfer encoding?
What is the difference between RFC 821 and RFC 822?
Consider that we have two applications using MPLS with traffic engineering. One application is delay sensitive (DS), such as a real-time voice or video application. The other application is throughput sensitive (TS), such as a file transfer application or a high-volume remote sensor feed. Now
In an MPLS-enabled IP network, isn’t it the case that the IP layer at each router still has to examine the IP header to make a routing decision? Explain.
Figure 23.5 indicates that the topmost label in a label stack is adjacent to the encapsulating layer 2 header and the label at the bottom of the stack is adjacent to the header of the transported protocol (e.g., IP header). Explain why this is the proper order, rather than the reverse.
In the TCP/IP protocol suite, it is standard practice for the header corresponding to a given protocol layer to contain information that identifies the protocol used in the next higher layer. This information is needed so that the recipient of the PDU, when stripping off a given header, knows how
The MPLS specification allows an LSR to use a technique known as penultimate hop popping. With this technique, the next-to-last LSR in an LSP is allowed to remove the label from a packet and send it without the label to the last LSR in that LSP.a. Explain why this action is possible; that is, why
What is meant by a constraint-based routing algorithm?
Explain label stacking.
What is an MPLS label switched path?
What is an MPLS forwarding equivalence class?
What is traffic engineering?
RFC 2679 defines the inverse percentile of x for a set of measurements to be the percentage of all values … x. What is the inverse percentile of 103 ms for the measurements in Problem 22.14?
RFC 2330 defines the median of a set of measurements to be equal to the 50th percentile if the number of measurements is odd. For an even number of measurements, sort the measurements in ascending order; the median is then the mean of the two central values. What is the median value for the
For the one-way and two-way delay metrics, if a packet fails to arrive within a reasonable period of time, the delay is taken to be undefined (informally, infinite).The threshold of reasonable is a parameter of the methodology. Suppose we take a sample of one-way delays and get the following
RFC 2330 (Framework for IP Performance Metrics) defines percentile in the following way. Given a collection of measurements, define the function F(x), which for any x gives the percentage of the total measurements that were … x. If x is less than the minimum value observed, then F(x) = 0,. If it
A single video source transmits 30 frames per second, each containing 2 Mbits of data. The data experiences a delay jitter of 1s. What size of delay buffer is required at the destination to eliminate the jitter?
Now consider an alternative set of equations for EF PHB:where Dj = departure time of the jth EF packet to arrive at this node and destined to depart from I; measured at the time the last bit leaves the node Fj = target departure time for the jth EF packet to arrive at this node and destined to
One way to quantify the EF PHB performance requirement is with the following set of equations relating to packets leaving a node through some interface I to an external communications link:where dj = departure time of the jth EF packet to depart from I; measured at the time the last bit leaves the
In RSVP, because the UDP/TCP port numbers are used for packet classification, each router must be able to examine these fields. This requirement raises problems in the following areas:a. IPv6 header processingb. IP-level security Indicate the nature of the problem in each area, and suggest a
Provide three examples (each) of elastic and inelastic Internet traffic. Justify each example’s inclusion in their respective category.
It is clear that if a router gives preferential treatment to one flow or one class of flows, then that flow or class of flows will receive improved service. It is not as clear that the overall service provided by the internet is improved. This question is intended to illustrate an overall
When multiple equal-cost routes to a destination exist, OSPF may distribute traffic equally among the routes. This is called load balancing. What effect does such load balancing have on a transport layer protocol, such as TCP?
What is meant by per-hop behavior?
What is the difference between FIFO queueing and WFQ queueing?
List and briefly describe the three categories of service offered by ISA.
What are the major functions that are part of an ISA?
What is the difference between elastic and inelastic traffic?
What is the Integrated Services Architecture?
In a typical Mobile IP implementation in a foreign agent, the agent maintains a visitor table that contains information about the mobile nodes currently visiting this network.What entries are essential for each row of the table?
In a typical Mobile IP implementation in a home agent, the agent maintains a mobility binding table to map a mobile node’s home address to its care-of address for packet forwarding. What entries are essential for each row of the table?
Again referring to Figure 21.12, assume that A is a mobile node and that LAN X is a foreign network for A. Assume that an IP datagram arrives at R1 from the Internet to be delivered to A. Show the format of the IP datagram arriving at R1 and the MAC frame leaving R1 (include the IP header or
This problem refers to Figure 21.12. Suppose that LAN Z is the home network for host E and that D sends a block of data to E via IP.a. Show the PDU structure, including the fields of the IP header and the lower-level headers (MAC, LLC) with the contents of address fields indicated for the case in

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Data And Computer Communications 10th Edition William Stallings - Solutions

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