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Modern Database Management 12th Global Edition Topi Hoffer, Venkataraman - Solutions
Briefly describe four major characteristics of heterogeneous distributed databases.
Briefly describe five major characteristics of homogeneous distributed databases.
Explain two types of homogeneous distributed databases.
Briefly describe six business conditions that are encouraging the use of distributed databases.
Contrast the following terms:a. distributed database; decentralized databaseb. homogeneous distributed database; heterogeneous distributed databasec. location transparency; local autonomyd. asynchronous distributed database; synchronous distributed databasee. horizontal partition; vertical
Define each of the following terms:a. distributed databaseb. location transparencyc. two-phase commitd. global transactione. local autonomyf. time-stamping g. transaction manager
Outline the steps involved in processing a query in a distributed database and several approaches used to optimize distributed query processing.
State the relative advantages of synchronous and asynchronous data replication and partitioning as three major approaches for distributed database design.
Explain four strategies for the design of distributed databases, options within each strategy, and the factors to consider in selecting among these strategies.
Explain the potential advantages and risks associated with distributed databases.
Describe the salient characteristics of a variety of distributed database environments.
Explain the business conditions that are drivers for the use of distributed databases in organizations.
Visit an organization that uses an open source DBMS.Why did the organization choose open source software?Does it have other open source software besides a DBMS? Has it purchased any fee-based components or services? Does it have a DA or DBA staff, and, if so, how do these people evaluate the open
Visit an organization that relies heavily on Web-based applications. Interview the database administrator (or a senior person in that organization) to determine the following:a. What is the organizational goal for system availability?(Compare with Table 12-3.)b. Has the organization estimated the
Databases tend to grow larger over time, not smaller, as new transaction data are added. Interview at least three companies that use databases extensively and identify their criteria and procedures for purging or archiving old data. Find out how often data are purged and what type of data are
Identify an organization that handles large, sporadic data loads. For example, organizations that have implemented data warehouses may have large data loads as they populate their data warehouses. Determine what measures the organization has taken to handle these large loads as part of its capacity
Visit an organization that has implemented a database approach and interview individuals there about the security measures they take routinely. Evaluate each of the following at the organization:a. Database security measuresb. Network security measuresc. Operating system security measuresd.
Visit an organization that has implemented a database approach and interview an MIS department employee who has been involved in disaster recovery planning.Before you go for the interview, think carefully about the relative probabilities of various disasters for the organization you are visiting.
Visit an organization that has implemented a database approach. Evaluate each of the following:a. The organizational placement of data administration, database administration, and data warehouse administrationb. The assignment of responsibilities for each of the functions listed in part ac. The
Based on the table above as well as additional research, write a memo in support of or against the following statement: “Cloud databases will increasingly eliminate the need for data/database administrators in corporations.”
Visit the Web sites of one or more popular cloud service providers that provide cloud database services. Use the table below to map the features listed on the Web site to the major concepts covered in this chapter. If you are not sure where to start, try aws.amazon.com or cloud.oracle.com.
Identify possible locations of data security threats at your institute. List at least two measures to secure the data.
Visit some Web sites for open source databases, such as www.postgresql.org and www.mysql.com. What do you see as major differences in administration between open source databases, such as MySQL, and commercial database products, such as Oracle? How might these differences come into play when
Search the Internet for available README files for any DBMS installation. Review its content and report your findings.
Examine the two applications shown in Figures 8-9a and 8-9b. Identify the various security considerations that are relevant to each environment.?
How would Fitchwood’s security have to be different if the data mart were made available to customers via the Internet?
Referring to the Fitchwood Insurance Company case study at the end of Chapter 9, what types of security issues would you expect to encounter when building a data warehouse? Would there be just one set of security concerns related to user access to the data warehouse, or would you also need to be
The average annual revenue per customer for the mail order firm described in Problems and Exercises 30-43 and 30-45 is $100. The organization is planning a data quality improvement program that it hopes will increase the average revenue per customer by 5 percent per year.If this estimate proves
The mail order firm described in Problem and Exercise 30-43 has about 1 million customers. The firm is planning a mass mailing of its spring sales catalog to all of its customers. The unit cost of the mailing (postage and catalog)is $6.00. The error rate in the database (duplicate records,
Review the tables for data availability (Tables 12-2 and 12-3). For the travel firm shown in Table 12-2, calculate the expected annual cost of downtime for the following availability levels: 99 percent and 99.5 percent. Do you think that either of these levels are acceptable for this organization?
An e-business operates a high-volume catalog sales center. Through the use of clustered servers and mirrored disk drives, the data center has been able to achieve data availability of 99.5 percent. Although this exceeds industry norms, the organization still receives periodic customer complaints
You have been hired as a database consultant by a bank which currently uses MS access for maintaining its data.However, owing to massive expansion globally, it needs to switch to a new database with higher scalability and reliability. You have three options available – Open source databases,
Identify different roles to manage database at your university. Is there a separate role for data administrator, database administrator and data warehouse administrator?What is the difference in their roles and responsibilities?What different skills do they require to perform their roles? Are all
Revisit the four issues identified in Problem and Exercise 30-9.What risk, if any, do each of them pose to the firm?
For each scenario listed, identify which locking scheme should be applied:a. Modification is to be made to a table, such as Create, Alter or Dropping the table.b. An order from a particular client involves a number of line items. The database administrator wishes to verify a particular line item in
What concerns would you have if you accept a job as a database administrator and discover that the database users are entering one common password to log on to the database each morning when they arrive for work? You also learn that they leave their workstations connected to the database all day,
Referring to Problem and Exercise 30-5, rank the four candidates for the position of database administrator at Metro Marketing. Again, support your rankings.
Referring to Problem and Exercise 30-5, rank the four candidates for the position of data warehouse administrator at Metro Marketing. Again, support your rankings.
Metro Marketers, Inc., wants to build a data warehouse for storing customer information that will be used for data marketing purposes. Building the data warehouse will require much more capacity and processing power than it has previously needed, and it is considering Oracle and Red Brick as its
Which integrity control, domain, assertions ,or triggers, would you apply in each of the following scenario listed below and how?• Authorization rules• Encryption• Authentication schemesa. A field salary for all employees in a firm can only take values between $5000 and $50000.b. A table
The following are some scenarios of database failures.Identify the type of failure, probable outcome, and how it can be resolved:• Payment of $500.00• Purchase on credit of $100.00• Merchandise return (credit) of $50.00 Each of the three transactions read the customer record when the balance
In each of the given scenario, a security measure has been used. Based on knowledge from the chapter, you have to identify which measure has been deployed and how:• Backward recovery• Forward recovery (from latest checkpoint)• Forward recovery (using backup copy of database)• Reprocessing
What is the purpose of the GRANT and REVOKE SQL commands? List some actions that can be granted to or revoked from a user.
How can views be used as part of data security? What are the limitations of views for data security?
Explain the purpose of heartbeat queries.
How do DBAs manage availability issues in the present environment?
Discuss how storage space can be managed in a database.
List and briefly explain the ACID properties of a database transaction.
What do you understand by tuning database for performance? What you might consider while installation of DBMS?
Briefly describe four threats to high data availability and at least one measure that can be taken to counter each of these threats.
List and describe four common types of database failure.
What do you understand by locking levels or lock granularity?
Briefly describe four DBMS facilities that are required for database backup and recovery.
What is the difference between deadlock prevention and deadlock resolution?
What are the issues which concurrency control should address?
What is the advantage of optimistic concurrency control compared with pessimistic concurrency control?
What are the two key types of security policies and procedures that must be established to aid in SarbanesOxley compliance?
What are the key areas of IT that are examined during a Sarbanes-Oxley audit?
What is the difference between an authentication scheme and an authorization scheme?
List and briefly explain how integrity controls can be used for database security.
Which new issues arise in three-tier applications security? What are the different methods of Web security?
Which features should you consider while choosing a database management system?
What changes can be made in data administration at each stage of the traditional database development life cycle to deliver high-quality, robust systems more quickly?
What is the W3C P3P standard? How can cookies cause breach of data privacy?
List four job skills necessary for data administrators. List four job skills necessary for database administrators.
List four common problems of ineffective data administration.
How can sensitive static HTML files be protected?Why does securing dynamic Web page need a different approach.
Indicate whether data administration or database administration is typically responsible for each of the following functions:a. Managing the data repositoryb. Installing and upgrading the DBMSc. Conceptual data modelingd. Managing data security and privacye. Database planningf. Tuning database
Discuss the difference in the roles of DA/DBA and DWA.
Compare and contrast the following terms:a. data administration; database administrationb. repository; data dictionaryc. deadlock prevention; deadlock resolutiond. backward recovery; forward recoverye. active data dictionary; passive data dictionaryf. optimistic concurrency control; pessimistic
Define each of the following terms:a. data administrationb. database administrationc. two-phase locking protocold. information repositorye. lockingf. versioning g. deadlock h. transaction i. encryption j. data availability k. data archiving l. heartbeat query
Describe the importance of data availability and list several measures to improve availability.
Describe the problem of tuning a database to achieve better performance, and list five areas where changes may be made when tuning a database.
Describe the problem of database recovery and list four basic facilities that are included with a DBMS to recover databases.
Understand the role of databases in Sarbanes-Oxley compliance.
Describe the problem of database security and list five techniques that are used to enhance security.
Compare the optimistic and pessimistic systems of concurrency control.
Describe the role of data dictionaries and information repositories and how they are used by data administration.
Describe the changing roles of the data administrator and database administrator in the current business environment.
List several major functions of data administration and of database administration.
Another tool featured on TUN is called Tableau.Tableau offers a student version of its product for free(www.tableausoftware.com/academic/students), and TUN offers several assignments and exercises with which you can explore its features. Compare the capabilities of Tableau with those of SAS Visual
You are given 70,000 call details records (CDRs). These records contain information of the caller phone number, the user’s phone number, the duration of each call made, and the timestamps of each call. Suggest an appropriate data mining techniques that can be used to find groups of callers that
Read a SAS White Paper (http://www.sas.com/resources/whitepaper/wp_56343.pdf) on the use of telematics in car insurance. If Fitchwood started to use one of these technologies, what consequences would it have for its IT infrastructure needs?
Fitchwood is a relatively small company (annual premium revenues less than $1B per year) that insures slightly more than 500,000 automobiles and about 200,000 homes. For what types of purposes might Fitchwood want to use big data technologies (i.e., either Hadoop or one of the NoSQL products)?
Text mining is an increasingly important subcategory of data mining. Can you identify potential uses of text mining in the context of an insurance company?
Challangar, an Asian IT retail store headquartered in Singapore, is interested to predict the likelihood of customers purchasing specific products (e.g., computer hardware). The retail store has a large set of historical records of its customers. As an example, these records may contain values for
Using a drawing tool, design a simple prototype of a dashboard for HomeMed introduced in 11-23.
Suggest some visualization options that Fitchwood managers might want to use to support their decision making.
HomeMed (from Question 11-23) would like to invest in tools for creating reports that summarizes the average sales volume of the different types of devices and further drill down to see how the sales volume is broken down by different countries over different time frame. What types of tools would
Review the white paper that has been used as a source for Figure 11-9.Which of the following tasks is the responsibility of data platform, integrated data warehouse, and integrated discovery platform, respectively?a. Finding new, previously unknown relationships within the data.b. Storing very
For each of the situations described, list the type of analytics that would address the specific organizational need:a. An IT retail store would like to know the likelihood of a customer purchasing a specific product based on transaction history and customer profile.b. A doctor would like to
Identify the various Hadoop components used to support the following tasks:a. Divide the computing tasks so that multiple nodes of a computing cluster can work on the same problem at the same time, only the results of processing are moved across the network (but not the data), saving both time and
Review Figure 11-6 and answer the following questions based on it.a. What has happened between Input and Input’?b. Assume that the values associated with each of the keys (k1, k2, etc.) are counts. What is the purpose of the Shuffle stage?c. If the overall goal is to count the number of instances
Describe the Master-Slave architecture shown in Figure 11-5 and the support for replication policy on the HDFS Cluster.
Describe each of the four types of NoSQL database data models as shown in Figure 11-3.
Compare the JSON and XML representations of a record in Figure 11-1.What is the primary difference between these? Can you identify any advantages of one compared to the other?
Identify six broad categories of implications of big data analytics and decision making.
Identify at least five categories of human activity that are affected by big data and analytics.
Describe the core idea underlying massively parallel processing (MPP).
Describe the core idea underlying in-memory database management systems.
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