Questions and Answers of Essentials Of Statistics

While this exercise was being created, Weather.com indicated that there is a 20% chance of rain for the author’s home region.Express the indicated degree of likelihood as a probability value
Based on a Harris poll, there is a 50−50 chance that a randomly selected adult has pierced ears.Express the indicated degree of likelihood as a probability value between 0 and 1.
When guessing the answer to a multiple-choice question on an SAT test, the chance of guessing correctly is 1 in 5.Express the indicated degree of likelihood as a probability value between 0 and 1.
When rolling a pair of dice at the Bellagio Casino in Las Vegas, there is 1 chance in 36 that the outcome is a 12.Express the indicated degree of likelihood as a probability value between 0 and 1.
It is impossible to pass a statistics test without studying.Express the indicated degree of likelihood as a probability value between 0 and 1.
Find the probability of selecting someone who uses drugs. Is the result close to the probability of 0.134 for a positive test result?Refer to the sample data in Table 4-1, which is included with the
Find the probability of selecting someone who does not use drugs. Is the result close to the probability of 0.866 for a negative test result?Refer to the sample data in Table 4-1, which is included
In a recent year, 304 of the approximately 300,000,000 people in the United States were struck by lightning. Estimate the probability that a randomly selected person in the United States will be
What is wrong with the expression P(A) + P(A̅) = 0.5?
A gambler plans to play the casino dice game called craps, and he plans to place a bet on the “pass line.” Let A be the event of winning. Based on the rules used in almost all casinos, P(A) =
One form of the rule of complements is this: P(A or A̅) = 1.Write a sentence describing the message that this rule represents.
Asking for a date through a Twitter post.Asking for a date in French, the romance language.Determining Whether Events Are Disjoint. Determine whether the two events are disjoint for a single trial.
Randomly selecting a survey respondent and getting someone who believes in UFOs.Randomly selecting a survey respondent and getting someone who believes in the devil.Determining Whether Events Are
Randomly selecting a statistics student and getting one who uses a TI calculator in class.Randomly selecting a statistics student and getting one who uses the STATDISK computer program.Determining
Randomly selecting a drug screening result and getting one that is a false negative.Randomly selecting a drug screening result and getting one from someone who is not a drug user.Determining Whether
Randomly selecting a drug screening result and getting one that is a false positive.Randomly selecting a drug screening result and getting one from someone who uses drugs.Determining Whether Events
Randomly selecting a drug screening result and getting one that is a false positive.Randomly selecting a drug screening result and getting one from someone who does not use drugs.Determining Whether
Randomly selecting a drug screening result and getting one that is a false positive.Randomly selecting a drug screening result and getting one that is a false negative.Determining Whether Events Are
A Marist poll survey showed that 47% of respondents chose “whatever” as the most annoying phrase used in conversation. What is the probability of randomly selecting someone choosing something
According to the National Association for College Admissions Counseling and USA Today, 19.8% of college students take at least one class online.What is the probability of randomly selecting a college
If one of the physicians is randomly selected, find the probability of getting one who made a correct dosage calculation or was given the bottle with a concentration label.Dosage Calculations. Use
Let R be the event of randomly selecting a senator and getting a Republican, and let D represent the event of randomly selecting a second different senator and getting a Democrat. Use words to
A: When a month is randomly selected and ripped from a calendar and destroyed, it is July.B: When a different month is randomly selected and ripped from a calendar, it is November.Independent and
A: When a baby is born, it is a girl.B: When a second baby is born into a different family, it is also a girl.Independent and Dependent Events.(a) determine whether events A and B are independent or
A: When a baby is born, it is a girl.B: When a single die is rolled, the outcome is 6.Independent and Dependent Events.(a) determine whether events A and B are independent or dependent, (b) find P(A
A: When a day of the week is randomly selected, it is a Saturday.B: When a second different day of the week is randomly selected, it is a Monday.Independent and Dependent Events.(a) determine whether
A: When one of the 222 coins listed in Data Set 21 is randomly selected, it is one of the 5 Indian pennies.B: When another one of the 222 coins listed in Data Set 21 is randomly selected, it is also
A: When the first digit (0 through 9) of a four-digit lottery number is chosen by someone buying a ticket, it is the same first digit that is later drawn in the official lottery.B: When the second
A: When a survey subject is randomly selected from the 100 senators in the 111th Congress, it is one of the 58 Democrats.B: When a second different senator is randomly selected, it is the one senator
A: When an M&M is randomly selected from the 100 M&Ms listed in Data Set 20, it is one of the 8 yellow M&Ms.B: When a second different M&M is randomly selected from those listed in Data Set 20, it is
In a Prince Market Research survey of 2518 motorists, 252 said that they made an obscene gesture in the previous month.a. If 1 of the surveyed motorists is randomly selected, what is the probability
What is a conditional probability?
Let event A = subject is telling the truth and event B = polygraph test indicates that the subject is lying. Use your own words to translate the notation P(B ∣ A) into a verbal statement.
When a couple has five children, all five are girls. Assume that boys and girls are equally likely.Describing Complements. Provide a written description of the complement of the given event, then
When a couple has five children, none of the five is a girl. Assume that boys and girls are equally likely.Describing Complements. Provide a written description of the complement of the given event,
Find the positive predictive value for the test. That is, find the probability that a subject uses drugs, given that the test yields a positive result.
The winning numbers for the current California Fantasy 5 lottery are 13, 18, 22, 24, and 32 in any order. Do calculations for winning this lottery involve permutations or combinations? Why?
When randomly selecting items, if successive selections are made with replacement of previously selected items, which of the five rules of this section apply: (1) fundamental counting rule; (2)
A Social Security number consists of nine digits in a particular order, and repetition of digits is allowed. If randomly selecting digits for one Social Security number, what is the probability that
If you know the names of the starting batters for a baseball team, what is the probability of randomly selecting a batting order and getting the order that is used in the beginning of the
There are seven books in the Harry Potter series. If the books are read in a randomly selected order, what is the probability that they are read in the order that they were written?Express all
In the game of blackjack played with one deck, a player is initially dealt 2 different cards from the 52 different cards in the deck. Find the probability of getting a 2-card initial hand consisting
A presidential candidate plans to begin her campaign by visiting the capitals in 4 of the 50 states. What is the probability that she selects the route of Sacramento, Albany, Juneau, and Hartford? Is
The author currently has seven different books in print. If those seven books are stacked in a random order, what is the probability that they are arranged in alphabetical order from top to
Repeat the preceding exercise using these letters: RAWHOR.Express all probabilities as fractions
Every four years, 32 soccer teams compete in a world tournament.a. How many games are required to get one championship team from the field of 32 teams?b. If you make random guesses for each game of
A secretary types 10 different letters and addresses 10 corresponding envelopes. If he is in a hurry and randomly inserts the letters into the envelopes, what is the probability that exactly 9 of the
A multiple-choice question on a statistics quiz has possible correct answers of a, b, c, d, e.What is the probability that “false” is the correct answer?
As the author is creating this exercise, a weather reporter stated that there are 3 chances in 10 of rain today. What is the probability of no rain today?
If a day of the week is randomly selected, what is the probability that it is a day containing the letter y?
Based on a Harris poll, 20% of adults smoke. If two adults are randomly selected, what is the probability that they both smoke?
If 1 of the 839 challenges is randomly selected, find the probability of getting a challenge that was rejected.Use the following results from the 839 player challenges to referee calls in the first
If 1 of the 839 challenges is randomly selected, find the probability of getting a challenge that was made by a male player or was rejected.Use the following results from the 839 player challenges to
Find the probability of randomly selecting 1 of the 839 challenges and getting a challenge that was accepted and was made by a female player.Use the following results from the 839 player challenges
Find the probability of randomly selecting 2 different challenges and finding that they were both accepted challenges made by female players.Use the following results from the 839 player challenges
Find the probability of randomly selecting 1 of the 839 challenges and getting a challenge that was accepted, given that it was made by a female player.Use the following results from the 839 player
Find the probability of being sentenced to prison, given that the subject entered a plea of guilty.Use the data in the accompanying table based on data from “Does It Pay to Plead Guilty?
Find the probability of being sentenced to prison, given that the subject entered a plea of not guilty.Use the data in the accompanying table based on data from “Does It Pay to Plead Guilty?
After comparing the results from Exercises 2 and 3, what do you conclude about the wisdom of entering a guilty plea?Use the data in the accompanying table based on data from “Does It Pay to Plead
Before the proliferation of legal lotteries, illegal numbers games were commonly run by members of organized crime groups. In the typical numbers game, bettors would win by selecting the same three
In horse racing, a trifecta is a bet that the first three finishers in a race are selected in the correct order. In a race with 12 horses, how many different trifecta bets are possible? If you
In an Idaho Potato Commission survey of 1000 adults, subjects are asked to select their favorite vegetables, and each response was recorded as “potatoes” or “other.”Determine whether the
In an Idaho Potato Commission survey of 1000 adults, subjects are asked to select their favorite vegetables, and responses of potatoes, corn, broccoli, tomatoes, or “other” were
If the number of blood donors is n = 8, find the probability that the number with Group O blood is x = 3.Assume that when blood donors are randomly selected, 45% of them have blood that is Group O
If the number of blood donors is n = 16, find the probability that the number with Group O blood is x = 6.Assume that when blood donors are randomly selected, 45% of them have blood that is Group O
If the number of blood donors is n = 20, find the probability that the number with Group O blood is x = 16.Assume that when blood donors are randomly selected, 45% of them have blood that is Group O
If the number of blood donors is n = 11, find the probability that the number with Group O blood is x = 9.Assume that when blood donors are randomly selected, 45% of them have blood that is Group O
Use the magnitudes (Richter scale) of the earthquakes listed in Data Set 16 in Appendix B. In 1989, the San Francisco Bay Area was struck with an earthquake that measured 7.0 on the Richter scale.
Carbon monoxide is measured in San Francisco on five different days, and the mean of those five values is 0.62 parts per million. Four of the values (in parts per million) are 0.3, 0.4, 1.1, and 0.7.
The geometric mean is often used in business and economics for finding average rates of change, average rates of growth, or average ratios. Given n values (all of which are positive), the geometric
Which do you think has less variation: the IQ scores of students in your statistics class or the IQ scores of a simple random sample taken from the general population? Why?
James Madison, the fourth President of the United States, was 163 cm tall. His height converts to the z score of -2.28 when included among the heights of all presidents. Is his height above or below
Measures of Location The values of P50, Q2, and the median are found for the net incomes reported on all individual 1040 tax forms filed last year. What do those values have in common?
Based on data from Data Set 17 in Appendix B, the words spoken in a day by women have a mean of 16,215 words and a standard deviation of 7301 words. Consider the women with an unusual word count in a
The following are the duration times (minutes) of all missions flown by the space shuttle Challenger.1 7224 8709 8784 10,060 10,089 10,125 11,445 11,476 11,844Use the given data to construct a
The following are the interval times (minutes) between eruptions of the Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park based on data from the U.S. National Park Service.81 81 86 87 89 92 93 94 95
The following are amounts of time (minutes) spent on hygiene and grooming in the morning by survey respondents based on data from an SCA survey.4 6 7 9 14 15 15 16 18 18 25 26 30 32 41 45 55 63Use
The following are speeds (mi/h) of cars measured with a radar gun on the New Jersey Turnpike based on data from Statlib and authors Joseph Kadane and John Lamberth.70 70 71 72 72 73 73 74 76 77 78 78
Find the mean of these times that American Airlines flights used to taxi to the Los Angeles terminal after landing from a flight: 12 min, 8 min, 21 min, 17 min, 12 min. Data are from Data Set 15 in
The taxi-in times for 48 flights that landed in Los Angeles have a mean of 11.4 min and a standard deviation of 7.0 min. What is the z score for a taxi-in time of 6 min?
You plan to investigate the variation of taxi-in times for flights that have landed in Los Angeles. Name at least two measures of variation for those data.
Consider a sample taken from the population of all taxi-in times for all flights that land in Los Angeles. Identify the symbols used for the sample mean and the population mean.
Consider a sample taken from the population of all taxi-in times for all flights that land in Los Angeles. Identify the symbols used for the sample standard deviation, the population standard
Approximately what percentage of taxi-in times is less than the 75th percentile?
For a sample of motorcycle speeds, name the values that constitute the 5-number summary
An article in the New York Times noted that these new ZIP codes were created in New York City: 10065, 10021, 10075. Find the mean of these three numbers. What is fundamentally wrong with this result?
Consider the prices of regular movie tickets (not 3-D, and not discounted for children or seniors).a. Estimate the mean price.b. Use the range rule of thumb to make a rough estimate of the standard
Shown below is a boxplot of a sample of 20 brain volumes (cm3). What do the numbers in the boxplot represent? 963 1034.5 1079 1439 1188.5
A statistics class with 40 students consists of 30 students with no income, 10 students with small incomes from part-time jobs, and a professor with a very large income that is well deserved. Which
Currently, there are 4227 Walmart stores in the United States and another 3210 stores outside of the United States.a. Are the numbers of Walmart stores discrete or continuous?b. What is the level of
A survey included 4230 responses from Internet users who decided to respond to a question posted by America OnLine (AOL). Here is the question: How often do you use credit cards for purchases? Among
Survey Identify the type of sampling (random, systematic, convenience, stratified, cluster) used when a sample of the 1500 survey responses is obtained as described. Then determine whether the
Table 2-2 on page 45 is a frequency distribution summarizing the IQ scores of a group of children with low lead exposure. Is it possible to identify the original list of the 78 individual IQ scores
After construction of a relative frequency distribution summarizing the times that males spend each day thinking about females, what should be the sum of the relative frequencies?
A bar chart and a Pareto chart both use bars to show frequencies of categories of categorical data. What characteristic distinguishes a Pareto chart from a bar chart, and how does that characteristic
Listed below are SAT scores from a sample of students (based on data from www.talk.collegeconfidential.com). Why is it that a graph of these data will not be very effective in helping us understand
When one is constructing a table representing the frequency distribution of weights (lb) of discarded textile items from Data Set 23 in Appendix B, the first two classes of a frequency distribution
A stem plot is created from the intervals (min) between eruptions of the Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park, and one row of that stem plot is 6 | 1222279. Identify the values
In the California Daily 4 lottery, four digits between 0 and 9 inclusive are randomly selected each day. We normally expect that each of the ten different digits will occur about 1/10 of the time,
In an investigation of the travel costs of college students, which of the following does not belong: center; variation; distribution; bar graph; outliers; changing patterns over time?

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