Questions and Answers of Finance Applications And Theory

Explain how communication creates and maintains a group through the process of structuration.
A situation that arose between Gena and Geoff on the set of Man of La Mancha illustrates the type of situation that often leads to tertiary tension. Gena had been in several plays and had studied
Watch a film that shows group formation (classic examples include The Breakfast Club, The Commitments, and Lord of the Flies), and discuss the following questions:a. How did the group manage
Describe the two major tasks groups must manage and how these create an equilibrium problem for a group.
One week before a community theater’s opening night of Hotel Paradiso, leading man Richard, who had been complaining of shortness of breath, was told by his doctor that he needed heart bypass
Observe an actual group or watch a video of a task-oriented group. (Two videos produced especially for this textbook contain suitable segments for this exercise.)Make a chart based on the task,
Define primary, secondary, and tertiary tension, and give examples of each.
Everyone needs to feel valued and appreciated by his or her fellow group members. Sometimes, it isn’t clear what your contribution—your role—should be. It was especially hard for members of the
Look at the partial list of task, maintenance, and individual roles described in this chapter. What additions would you make to this list? What other helpful, and unhelpful, behaviors have you
Describe Tuckman’s model of group development and Gersick’s two-phase model and explain how each describes the process many groups experience.
Social network users sometimes experience bullying (i.e., insults, sarcasm, intense language) through postings on their profile pages. Bullying has become a distinct characteristic of CMC and has
Think of the most (or least) cohesive group you have ever belonged to, and explain why this group was so cohesive (or uncohesive). Which supportive (or defensive)behaviors were most prevalent in the
Describe the communicative dynamics of each stage of group socialization.
In the 1980s Beechnut, the second-largest producer of baby food in the United States, was found knowingly to have sold adulterated apple juice it advertised as 100 percent pure.31 The company had
Describe each of the three main categories of roles in groups.
Carla, our city councilwoman, chose to accept the group norm of meeting as long as it took to complete the group’s work. However, there are pros and cons to that norm. Yes, the work was not
Differentiate between formal and behavioral roles, and describe how behavioral roles emerge during group interaction.
Look at the descriptions of the following four different work styles:• Task-oriented people, who believe a group’s main job is to get down to business as soon as possible • Relational people,
Differentiate between rules and norms, and describe the four ways norms develop.
Explain what you would say and do if you wanted to change a group norm.
Describe each of the three main components that contribute to a group’s climate.
Judy and her fellow group members were highly frustrated by each other, in part because their needs and corresponding orientations toward the group’s work were so different. However, instead of
Define diversity and give several examples of diversity within a group.
A friend of ours served on the board of directors of a Unity church. The board and congregation were having problems getting things done. The board made decisions and set policies, but no action
Your family represents one example of a co-cultural grouping. Form into groups of four to six, and ask each person to assume that he or she has invited the rest of your group members home for
Describe and explain the differences between surface-level and deep-level diversity.
According to Carl Hiaasen in Team Rodent: How Disney Devours the World,* Disney’s venture in France, Euro-Disney, got off to a slow start when it opened in 1992. Disney executives decided to import
When everyone has finished, discuss the differences you discovered among each other’s “cultures.” What dimensions of culture seem to be most important in each family grouping? Were there any
Explain how diversity benefits a group.
Assume you are on a student judicial committee charged with deciding the punishment of students who have violated your institution’s rules and policies. Rob, the student whose case the committee is
Class members should divide themselves into groups of four to six along gender, race/ethnicity, or age lines. For example, the class might form several single-sex groups. Each group should first
Describe the four learning styles identified by Kolb and explain how each can benefit a group.
Finally, when each group is finished, all should share their results with the class and the class should take this opportunity to talk about the stereotypes they hold and how accurate those
Describe the four dimensions of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® personality inventory.
Define cognitive/informational diversity and explain how it can affect group outcomes.
Define culture, describe three dimensions on which cultures differ, and explain how each can affect group interaction.
Explain how racial or ethnic, gender, and generational differences can be considered cultural.
Explain why symbolic convergence and fantasy can help group members bridge differences by contributing to a group identity.
Explain the principles that will help group members make the most of their differences.
Members of the Advisory Council of the College of Arts and Humanities where one of us works met one year to discuss creative fund-raising ideas to enhance the college’s endowment for student
Form groups of four to six students. Each of you should be given some ordinary, tangible object, such as a USB flashdrive, water bottle, or a highlighter. Find a new use for the item that has nothing
Define creative thinking and explain why it is important to small group problem solving.
Ozarks Greenways, Inc. had to come up with a solution to the following problem. Land had been acquired on either side of the busy Kansas Expressway for a greenway, a bicycle and hiking path to link
The following exercise helps clarify the difference between statements of fact and statements of inference. Place a familiar item (such as a coffee cup, a chair, or a ballpoint pen) in front of the
Describe brainstorming, synectics, and appreciative inquiry, and explain how they can be used to help enhance group creativity.
Your local parent-teacher organization has received the following letter from one school’s site council. The executive committee, of which you are a member, is meeting to decide what to recommend
Watch an online clip from one of the many television programs that feature panel interviews with public figures (such as Meet the Press). Look for errors in reasoning, places where the interviewee
Define critical thinking and explain why it is important to small group problem solving.
You and your group have been working on your panel presentation about the death penalty for several weeks, with one week to go before you are responsible for conducting the panel discussion in your
List and describe the attitudes most conducive to critical thinking in a group.
The shooting rampage on the Virginia Tech campus April 16, 2007, remains the deadliest mass shooting on a university campus in our country’s history. In a dorm and classroom building, 33 people
Explain how group members should use critical thinking during the information-gathering stage of problem solving.
After the deadly bombings during the Boston Marathon in April 2013, many Americans turned to the Internet to gather as much information as they could about the still-emerging story. A number of news
Describe and give examples of each of the five steps crucial to evaluating information.
Define and give examples of each of the five reasoning errors: overgeneralizations, attacks on a person instead of the argument, confusing causal relationships, either-or thinking, and incomplete
Think of a current or recent problem you have encountered. Analyze your problem by identifying its component parts (present situation, obstacles, and goal). Pay particular attention to the obstacles
Explain why using a systematic procedure for group problem solving usually produces better solutions than random or haphazard problem solving.
Takata, a Japanese supplier, makes many of the airbags used in nearly two dozen car brands in the United States. Over time, it was discovered that some of their airbags may spontaneously inflate,
Far-reaching changes in airport safety in the United States were implemented after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The Transportation and Security Administration (TSA) was created to
As a class, choose two problems, one that is relatively simple and has few options and one that is relatively complex with high solution multiplicity (such as how the university should spend its
Define key terms such as problem solving, decision making, and area of freedom with examples.
The 1995 movie Apollo 13 depicts a lunar mission threatened by the explosion of an oxygen tank. A solution to the crisis must be found or the astronauts will die in space.View the scene,
Describe five characteristics of any problem facing a work group.
Explain why and how you would adjust the problem-solving process to accommodate any of the characteristics of problems.
Describe the functional theory of problem solving and decision making.
Describe each step of P-MOPS.
Explain how you could use techniques such as focus groups, group support systems, RISK, and PERT to help at various stages of P-MOPS.
Apply P-MOPS to fit a simple or complex problem.
We often assign our student groups to observe and gather information about other real-life groups. One of our groups observed another group of students working on a project for a marketing class.
Rent either Twelve Angry Men or Lord of the Flies. Watch the movie and observe types of conflicts: how these conflicts were handled, what the effects of the conflicts were on the group, how decision
Discuss the three prevailing myths about small group conflict.
The Cask and Cleaver work crew still must come up with the next six-month shift schedule. They almost had their schedule until Mark discovered he had been skipped. Now they are taking sides, acting
Think of a group you currently belong to. Recollect two recent conflicts in the group.Write an essay describing the conflict, labeling the type of conflict, and reporting how it was managed. Draw
Differentiate between task, relational, and process group conflict.
Sam and Tashie have been married for 12 years. Sam wants to quit his job because he is bored and believes they had an agreement that he would be able to complete his education after they had been
Divide yourselves into groups and come to a consensus regarding what you would do about each of the following group problems.a. Adhira has missed the first three meetings of the group. For the first
Explain how online communication influences the three types of group conflict.
Explain how group members can disagree ethically.
Discuss how members can maximize their chances to influence the group.
List and explain the steps of the nominal group technique.
Describe the four steps in principled negotiation, and explain how to use them to help manage a conflict.
Think of a group you belong to that does not have an official leader. Most such groups will have an informal leader. Picture that person as you answer the following questions. When you are finished,
Distinguish between leadership and a leader; differentiate a designated from an emergent leader.
You have been asked to conduct a workshop on group leadership for a major corporation in your city. You have selected the contingency approach to leadership as the focus of your workshop. The
Select five members from your class to act as a problem-solving group. Assign one of the members to be the leader of the group. Ask the group to tackle the following problem:The Teacher’s Dilemma
Describe the seven sources of a leader’s power, and give an example of each.
Marcos was appointed chair of the service committee of his college fraternity. He and Luis were the only experienced members on the committee; the other three members were new to the fraternity. His
Place the group of five in the middle of the class and surround it with the rest of the class members. They are to watch this group’s discussion and to evaluate the leader on his or her ability to
List and discuss the myths of leadership.
The following quote is attributed to Chinese philosopher Lao Tse:The wicked leader is he whom the people despise.The good leader is he whom the people revere.The great leader is he about whom the
Form small groups of four to six members. Discuss the “ideal” group leader. Each group is to address not only the specific duties leaders should perform but also the communicative skills leaders
Discuss different approaches to understanding leadership.
In 1971, after the Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education decision that permitted busing to achieve racial integration, schools were required to become integrated immediately.* In
Describe the administrative duties leaders are expected to perform, and explain how leaders can perform these effectively.
List and explain six factors involved in leading group discussions.
Explain how establishing a climate of trust, developing teamwork, and promoting cooperation can help develop the group.
Define distributed leadership and discuss what it means to encourage it.
List and explain the ethical guidelines for group leaders.
Explain the different options members have in planning, organizing, and presenting their work.
Form groups of about six people, and discuss how you feel about making oral presentations. Next, pretend that you are the members of the discussion group described in Case 11.1, and decide how you

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