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project management

Project Management For Engineering Business And Technology 6th Edition John M. Nicholas , Herman Steyn - Solutions

How does the negotiation process work? For what type of projects is this method of solicitation and why?
When does the negotiation process end?
In bidding solicitation, why should customers be careful to scrutinize a bidder’s price?
What is the process for solicitation through bidding? For what type of projects is this method used and why?
Describe five components of a solicitation package.
How do the steps of procurement align with the project development cycle? Describe the steps of procurement.
What types of project resources can be procured?
Describe what procurement means. How is it different from/similar to acquisition and purchases?
When does the procurement process begin?
Consider the following threats posed by climate change: rise in sea level, frequency and ferocity of storms, average atmospheric temperatures and urban heat islands, droughts, flooding, and coastal erosion. Given characteristics of the project itself (building size and use, parking, beach, roller
How could a manager protect himself against the risk of making a decision that might later have negative implications?Newtown, South Africa, is a suburb of Johannesburg that boasts a rich cultural heritage. As part of an attempt to help rejuvenate Newtown, the Nelson Mandela Bridge was constructed
Discuss the difference between good decisions and good luck.Newtown, South Africa, is a suburb of Johannesburg that boasts a rich cultural heritage. As part of an attempt to help rejuvenate Newtown, the Nelson Mandela Bridge was constructed to link it to important roads and centers of commerce in
With reference to the concerns expressed upon completion of the construction, discuss the statement: “Risks always relate to the future. There is no such thing as a past risk.”Newtown, South Africa, is a suburb of Johannesburg that boasts a rich cultural heritage. As part of an attempt to help
Describe how risks are reduced over the lifespan of a project such as this one.Newtown, South Africa, is a suburb of Johannesburg that boasts a rich cultural heritage. As part of an attempt to help rejuvenate Newtown, the Nelson Mandela Bridge was constructed to link it to important roads and
Draw a CE diagram showing different factors that could contribute to delaying the project.Newtown, South Africa, is a suburb of Johannesburg that boasts a rich cultural heritage. As part of an attempt to help rejuvenate Newtown, the Nelson Mandela Bridge was constructed to link it to important
6. What information do you think would have been available early in the project, and from where would you obtain it?Newtown, South Africa, is a suburb of Johannesburg that boasts a rich cultural heritage. As part of an attempt to help rejuvenate Newtown, the Nelson Mandela Bridge was constructed to
5. Compile a complete list of information that you would require in order to make an assessment of the risk of a pump failure.Newtown, South Africa, is a suburb of Johannesburg that boasts a rich cultural heritage. As part of an attempt to help rejuvenate Newtown, the Nelson Mandela Bridge was
4. Describe how you would determine the expected values of the risks listed in the table.Newtown, South Africa, is a suburb of Johannesburg that boasts a rich cultural heritage. As part of an attempt to help rejuvenate Newtown, the Nelson Mandela Bridge was constructed to link it to important roads
3. State whether the risks listed in the table previously are internal or external.Newtown, South Africa, is a suburb of Johannesburg that boasts a rich cultural heritage. As part of an attempt to help rejuvenate Newtown, the Nelson Mandela Bridge was constructed to link it to important roads and
1. How would you have identified the risks? (Refer also to methods in Chapter 10.)Newtown, South Africa, is a suburb of Johannesburg that boasts a rich cultural heritage. As part of an attempt to help rejuvenate Newtown, the Nelson Mandela Bridge was constructed to link it to important roads and
3. Discuss what Lisa and other parties did that served to increase or decrease the risks.Infinity & Beyond, Inc., produces high-tech fashion merchandise. The company’s marketing department has identified a new product “concept” through discussions with three customer focus groups. The
2. What do you think about Lisa’s handling of the project so far? Would you have done anything differently?Infinity & Beyond, Inc., produces high-tech fashion merchandise. The company’s marketing department has identified a new product “concept” through discussions with three customer focus
1. Discuss the major sources of risk in this project.Infinity & Beyond, Inc., produces high-tech fashion merchandise. The company’s marketing department has identified a new product “concept” through discussions with three customer focus groups. The department is excited about the new concept
3. Discuss some principles of risk management that were ignored.The Sydney Opera House (SOH) is a top tourist attraction and landmark for Sydney and all of Australia.It is a major arts center, although owing to its design, it is not necessarily the best place to hear opera. The SOH is visually
2. What early actions should have been taken to reduce the risks?The Sydney Opera House (SOH) is a top tourist attraction and landmark for Sydney and all of Australia.It is a major arts center, although owing to its design, it is not necessarily the best place to hear opera. The SOH is visually
1. Identify the obvious risks.The Sydney Opera House (SOH) is a top tourist attraction and landmark for Sydney and all of Australia.It is a major arts center, although owing to its design, it is not necessarily the best place to hear opera. The SOH is visually spectacular and a magnificent
Was a risk register used? Was it ever updated? If so, how often?
Was formal risk analysis performed? When was it done (in initiation, feasibility, etc.)?
What did managers and stakeholders believe were the major risks in the project?
25. Softside Systems has a $100,000 fixed-price contract for installation of a new application system. The project is expected to take 5 weeks and cost $50,000. Experience with similar projects suggests a 0.30 likelihood that the project will encounter problems that could delay it by as much as 3
24. The geographical location of the Largesse Hydro Project threatens it with weather-associated delays and costs. The bad weather likelihood is estimated at 0.30, with a potential impact of delaying work by 10 weeks and increasing the cost by $20,000.a. Ignoring the time and cost risks in Problem
Where would the maximax, maximin, and minimax regret criteria be used during the project life cycle to manage project risk?
One requirement of a power-generating system states that it must provide 500 kWh (kilowatt hours) minimum output. The system has three power-generating subsystems, X, Y, and Z.Constraints on physical size indicate that the output capacity of the overall system will be split among the three
Think of a project you are familiar with and problems it encountered. List some ways the problems could have been avoided, and explain each of them.
Discuss briefly each of the following ways to handle risk: transfer risk, avoid risk, reduce risk, contingency plan, and accept risk.
Are equations (11.1), (11.2), and (11.3) good ways for rating the overall likelihood, impact, and consequences of risk? Discuss pros and cons of using these equations.
Tables 11.3 and 11.4 are for illustration purposes. Discuss the general applicability of these tables to rating risks in projects. Would you use these tables to assess the risk likelihood and impact in a project of your choice? Why or why not?
A project involves developing a system with state-of-the-art hardware and software, both complex, and where system performance depends on another, external system that is being developed concurrently. Based on Table 11.3, and assuming all risk factors are independent and equally weighted, what is
Describe a cause-and-effect diagram. Pick a problem (effect) of your own choice and use a cause-and-effect diagram to illustrate it.
Discuss the difference between internal risk and external risk. List sources of risk in each of these categories.
How does a person’s risk tolerance affect whether he rates a risk high, medium, or low?
Look at websites, newspapers, magazines, or television for examples of projects. Surprisingly, a great number of newsworthy topics relate to current and future projects or to the outcome of past projects. Prepare a list of these topics.
Prepare a list of activities that are not projects. What distinguishes them from project activities?Which activities are difficult to classify as projects or non-projects?
Because this is an introductory chapter, not very much has been said about why projects must be managed differently from ordinary “operations” and what constitutes project management—the subject of this book. Now is a good time to speculate about these: Why do you think projects and
In what ways should high-tech projects be managed differently from low-tech ones?When the Denver Airport project was initiated in 1989, the planned 4-year timeframe seemed adequate.However, despite abundant political backing and adequate funding, the project suffered a 16-month delay and a $1.5
BAE Automatic Systems is a reputable high-technology corporation and was familiar with building automated baggage-handling systems. What might have convinced them to accept a schedule of 2.5 years for designing and construction of the baggage-handling system?When the Denver Airport project was
If an NTCP analysis had been done and the profile of the baggage-handling system identified, what should the project manager have done to help ensure project success?When the Denver Airport project was initiated in 1989, the planned 4-year timeframe seemed adequate.However, despite abundant
Explain how the NTCP model makes provision for 144 different types of projects.When the Denver Airport project was initiated in 1989, the planned 4-year timeframe seemed adequate.However, despite abundant political backing and adequate funding, the project suffered a 16-month delay and a $1.5
Making a film and carrying out a space mission are both expensive projects conducted by teams and subject to budgetary and schedule constraints. The technical expertise for landing a spacecraft on a planet is similar to that required to create the illusion of a spacecraft landing in a motion
Describe five functions of management. Are any of these not performed by all managers? How do you think each of these functions comes into play in the course of a project?
What five criteria do Cleland and King suggest for determining when to use project management?From these, describe briefly how a manager should know when project management is appropriate for the task.
When is project management clearly not appropriate? List some “project-type” activities where you think project management should not be used. Describe organizations or kinds of work where both project and non-project types of management are appropriate.
Briefly compare and contrast the following forms of project management: program, new venture, product, and portfolio. Give at least one illustration of an organization where each one is used.
What are some of the problems of being a project leader in commercial and government projects?Where do organizations in these environments get project leaders?
Now that you know a little about projects and project management, list some government and private organizations where you think project management might be useful. You might want to check to see if, in fact, they are using project management.
What kind of project management is used—program, product, new venture, or other? Explain.Is it called “project management” or something else?
What functions does the project manager serve? What is his or her title?
In which way(s) does the industry of the study project differ from other industries described in the chapter? Do the differences have an effect on how projects are managed?
In what ways is the Marshall Field’s flood disaster recovery effort a project? Why are largescale disaster response and recovery efforts projects?Early in the morning of April 13, 1992, basements in Chicago’s downtown central business district began to flood. A hole the size of an automobile
n what ways do the characteristics of crisis management as described in this case correspond to those of project management?Early in the morning of April 13, 1992, basements in Chicago’s downtown central business district began to flood. A hole the size of an automobile had developed between the
Who was (were) the project manager(s), and what was his or her (their) responsibility? Who was assigned to the project team, and why were they on the team?Early in the morning of April 13, 1992, basements in Chicago’s downtown central business district began to flood. A hole the size of an
Comment on the appropriateness of using project management for managing disaster recovery efforts such as this.Early in the morning of April 13, 1992, basements in Chicago’s downtown central business district began to flood. A hole the size of an automobile had developed between the Chicago River
What form of project management (basic, program, and so on) does this case most closely resemble?Early in the morning of April 13, 1992, basements in Chicago’s downtown central business district began to flood. A hole the size of an automobile had developed between the Chicago River and an
What form of project management (basic, program, etc.) does this case most closely resemble?Senior management of Shah Alam Medical Center decided to procure and implement a new system that would reduce the cost and improve the service of its employee benefits coverage.The new system would have to
The project manager is also the director of FS, one of several departments that will be affected by the new benefits system. Does this seem like a good idea? What are the pros and cons of her being selected?Senior management of Shah Alam Medical Center decided to procure and implement a new system
Comment on the team members’ part-time assignment to the project and the expectation that they give the project top priority.Senior management of Shah Alam Medical Center decided to procure and implement a new system that would reduce the cost and improve the service of its employee benefits
Much of the success of this project depends on the performance of team members who are not employed by Shah Alam, namely the HBS consultants. They must develop the entire hardware/software benefits system. Why was an outside firm likely chosen for such an important part of the project? What
Define the following concepts and explain how they fit into systems thinking: objectives, elements, subsystems, attributes, environment, boundary, structure, inputs, outputs, process, and constraints.
Describe the systems approach. Where does the systems approach apply? Explain in a sentence what a manager does in the systems approach that she might not do otherwise.
What is the “environmental fallacy”?
What is the systems life cycle? What is the systems development cycle?
Discuss the dimension of systems engineering in Figure 2.6.
What is modularization? What are its benefits in system design and operation?
In systems engineering, the first stage is identification. Identification of what?
Who are the stakeholders in systems engineering?
What are requirements? What aspects of the system or stakeholder needs should the requirements incorporate?
Distinguish stakeholder requirements and system requirements.
Why is project management a systems approach?
What is the relevancy of the systems approach to project management?
Conceptualize the project organization (the project team and the parent organization of the team) you are studying as a system. What are the elements, attributes, environment, and so on? What are its internal subsystems—functional breakdown and management-hierarchy subsystems?What is the relevant
Now, conceptualize the output or end-item of the project as a system. Again, focus on the elements, relationships, attributes, subsystems, environment, and so on. All projects, whether directed at making a physical product (e.g. computer, space station, skyscraper, research report) or a service
If the study project involves engineering or integration of many components, was the systems engineering (SE) process used? Is there a section, department, or task in the project called SE?If so, elaborate. Are there aspects of the project that seem to resemble the SE process?
As described in this chapter, besides the main end-item or operating system (i.e. the output objective of the project), SE also addresses the support system—that system that supports installation, operation, maintenance, evaluation, and enhancement of the operating system.Describe the support
Were the stakeholder requirements clearly defined at the start of the project? Were system requirements clearly defined? What are the requirements? In your opinion, were stakeholders identified and involved early in the project? Were their needs identified and addressed? Did the project deliver a
What is the system? What are its key elements and subsystems? What are the boundaries, and how are they determined? What is the environment?Glades County is a region on the Gulf Coast with a population of 600,000. About 90 percent of the population is located in and near the city of Sitkus. The
Who are the decision-makers? What is the problem? Carefully formulate it.Glades County is a region on the Gulf Coast with a population of 600,000. About 90 percent of the population is located in and near the city of Sitkus. The main attractions of the area are its clean, sandy beaches and nearby
Define the overall objective of the water waste management program. Because the program is wide ranging in scope, you should break this down into several subobjectives.Glades County is a region on the Gulf Coast with a population of 600,000. About 90 percent of the population is located in and near
Define the criteria or measures of performance to be used to determine whether the objectives of the program are being met. Specify several criteria for each subobjective. As much as possible, the criteria should be quantitative, although some qualitative measures can also be included. How will you
What are the resources and constraints?Glades County is a region on the Gulf Coast with a population of 600,000. About 90 percent of the population is located in and near the city of Sitkus. The main attractions of the area are its clean, sandy beaches and nearby fishing. Resorts, restaurants,
Elaborate on the kinds of alternatives and range of solutions to solving the problem.Glades County is a region on the Gulf Coast with a population of 600,000. About 90 percent of the population is located in and near the city of Sitkus. The main attractions of the area are its clean, sandy beaches
Discuss some techniques that could be used to help evaluate which alternatives are best.Glades County is a region on the Gulf Coast with a population of 600,000. About 90 percent of the population is located in and near the city of Sitkus. The main attractions of the area are its clean, sandy
In this case history, what is the “system”? What are its elements? What is the “environment”?What are the elements of the environment?The Treasury would not approve project funding until the aircraft’s basic design, manufacturer, cost, and delivery date were defined. The RAF and MOD sent
Describe the interaction between the system and its environment.The Treasury would not approve project funding until the aircraft’s basic design, manufacturer, cost, and delivery date were defined. The RAF and MOD sent requests to the aircraft industry for design ideas and selected two
Do you feel that important decisions made in this project represent “system thinking”?Explain.The Treasury would not approve project funding until the aircraft’s basic design, manufacturer, cost, and delivery date were defined. The RAF and MOD sent requests to the aircraft industry for design
Comment on the concept of “integration” in the project. How were aspects of the project integrated or not integrated?The Treasury would not approve project funding until the aircraft’s basic design, manufacturer, cost, and delivery date were defined. The RAF and MOD sent requests to the
What are the main factors that contributed to cancellation of the project? Which of these factors would you characterize as project management?The Treasury would not approve project funding until the aircraft’s basic design, manufacturer, cost, and delivery date were defined. The RAF and MOD sent
The case illustrates a situation where the systems approach to design and management is necessary. Why is it necessary?Other contributors were the differences in contracts and resulting ambiguities over roles and responsibilities of the involved parties. Two kinds of contracts were used; one was
Is there evidence in the case to demonstrate that JLE planners and management used the systems approach or systems engineering? In your discussion, consider the following: JLE as a “system,” stakeholders’ identification and needs identification, requirements definition, interface management,
Although the project team did not intentionally set out to follow the systems approach, much of what it did, in fact, conformed to systems engineering practices. Compare the limited information provided about the project with the systems engineering concepts and V-model described in the chapter.The
What factors determine whether an idea should be further investigated?

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