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software testing and quality assurance
Software Engineering A Practitioner's Approach Software Engineering A Practitioner's Approach 8th Edition Roger Pressman - Solutions
=+12.14. Does "refactoring" mean that you modify the entire design iteratively? If not, what does it mean?
=+12.15. Discuss what the dependency inversion principle is in your own words.
=+12.16. Why is design for testing so important?
=+12.17. Briefly describe each of the four elements of the design model.
=+1. Identify and discuss the quality attributes most important to the system by walking through the relevant use cases (Chapter 9).
=+2. Discuss a diagram of the system's architecture in relation to its requirements.
=+3. Help the reviewers identify the architecture patterns used and match the system's structure to the patterns' structure.
=+4. Using existing documentation and past use cases, examine the archi-tecture and quality attributes to determine each pattern's effect on the
=+system's quality attributes.
=+5. Identify and discuss all quality issues raised by architecture patterns used in the design.
=+6. Develop a short summary ofthe issues uncovered during the meeting and makes appropriate revisions to the walking skeleton.
=+13.1. Using the architecture of a house or building as a metaphor, draw comparisons with software architecture. How are the disciplines of classical architecture and the software architecture similar? How do they differ?
=+13.2. Present two or three examples of applications for each of the architectural styles noted in Section 13.3.1.
=+13.3. Some of the architectural styles noted in Section 13.3.1 are hierarchical in nature and others are not. Make a list of each type.
=+How would the architectural styles that are not hierarchical be implemented?
=+13.4. The terms architectural style, architectural pattern, and framework (not discussed in
=+this book) are often encountered in discussions of software architecture. Do some research and describe how each of these terms differs for its counterparts.
=+13.5. Select an application with which you are familiar. Answer each of the questions posed for control and data in Section 13.3.3.
=+13.6. Research the ATAM (using IKaz98]) and present a detailed discussion of the six steps presented in Section 13.7.1.
=+13.7. If you haven't done so, complete Problem 9.5. Use the design approach described in this chapter to develop a software architecture for the PHTRS.
=+13.8. Use the architectural decision template from Section 13.1.4 to document one of the architectural decisions for PHTRS architecture developed in Problem 13.7.
=+13.9. Select a mobile application you are familiar with, assess it using the architecture con-siderations (economy, visibility, spacing, symmetry, emergence) from Section 13.4.
=+13.10. List the strengths and weakness of the PHTRS architecture you created for Problem 13.7.
=+13.11. Create a dependency structure matrixºº for the software PHTRS architecture created for Problem 13.7.
=+13.12. Pick an agile process model from Chapter 5 and identify the architectural design activities that are included.
=+14.1. The term component is sometimes a difficult one to define. First provide a generic
=+definition, and then provide more explicit definitions for object-oriented and traditional software. Finally, pick three programming languages with which you are familiar and illus-trate how each defines a component.
=+14.2. Why are control components necessary in traditional software and generally not re-quired in object-oriented software?
=+14.3. Describe the OCP in your own words. Why is it important to create abstractions that serve as an interface between components?
=+14.4. Describe the DIP in your own words. What might happen if a designer depends too heavily on concretions?
=+14.5. Select three components that you have developed recently and assess the types of cohesion that each exhibits. If you had to define the primary benefit of high cohesion, what would it be?
=+14.6. Select three components that you have developed recently and assess the types of coupling that each exhibits. If you had to define the primary benefit of low coupling, what would it be?
=+14.7. Is it reasonable to say that problem domain components should never exhibit external coupling? If you agree, what types of component would exhibit external coupling?
=+14.8. Develop (1) an elaborated design class, (2) interface descriptions, (3) an activity dia-gram for one of the operations within the class, and (4) a detailed statechart diagram for one of the Safe Home classes that we have discussed in earlier chapters.
=+14.9. Are stepwise refinement and refactoring the same thing? Ifnot, how do they differ?
=+14.10. What is a WebApp component?
=+14.11. Select a small portion of an existing program (approximately 50 to 75 source lines).Isolate the structured programming constructs by drawing boxes around them in the source
=+code. Does the program excerpt have constructs that violate the structured programming philosophy? If so, redesign the code to make it conform to structured programming con-structs. If not, what do you notice about the boxes that you've drawn?
=+14.12. All modern programming languages implement the structured programming con-structs. Provide examples from three programming languages.
=+14.13. Select a small coded component and represent it using an activity diagram.
=+14.14. Why is "chunking" important during the component-level design review process?
=+Is the system usable without continual help or instruction?
=+Do the rules of interaction help a knowledgeable user to work efficiently?
=+Do interaction mechanisms become more flexible as
=+users become more knowledgeable?
=+Has the system been tuned to the physical and sodal environment in which it will be used?
=+Is the user aware of the state of the system?
=+Does the user know where she is at all times?
=+Is the interface structured in a logical and consistent manner?
=+Are interaction mechanisms, icons, and procedures consistent across the interface?
=+Does the interaction anticipate errors and help the user correct them?
=+Is the interface tolerant of errors that are made?
=+Is the interaction simple?
=+· Are users trained professionals, technicians, clerical, or manufacturing workers?
=+What level of formal education does the average user have?
=+. Are the users capable of learning from written materials or have they
=+expressed a desire for classroom training?
=+Are users expert typists or keyboard phobic?
=+What is the age range of the user community?
=+Will the users be represented predominately by one gender?
=+How are users compensated for the work they perform?
=+Do users work normal office hours or do they work until the job is done?
=+Is the software to be an integral part of the work users do or will it be used only occasionally?
=+What is the primary spoken language among users?
=+What are the consequences if a user makes a mistake using the system?
=+Are users experts in the subject matter that is addressed by the system?
=+Do users want to know about the technology that sits behind the interface?
=+What work will the user perform in specific circumstances?
=+What tasks and subtasks will be performed as the user does the work?
=+What specific problem domain objects will the user manipulate as work is performed?
=+What is the sequence of work tasks-the workflow?
=+. What is the hierarchy of tasks?
=+Are different types of data assigned to consistent geographic locations on
=+the screen (e.g ., photos always appear in the upper right-hand corner)?
=+Can the user customize the screen location for content?
=+Is proper on-screen identification assigned to all content?
=+If a large report is to be presented, how should it be partitioned for ease of understanding?
=+Will mechanisms be available for moving directly to summary information
=+for large collections of data?
=+Will graphical output be scaled to fit within the bounds of the display device that is used?
=+How will color be used to enhance understanding?
=+How will error messages and warnings be presented to the user?
=+Will every menu option have a corresponding command?
=+What form will commands take? Options include a control sequence(e.g ., alt-P), function keys, or a typed word.
=+How difficult will it be to learn and remember the commands?
=+ What can be done if a command is forgotten?
=+· Can commands be customized or abbreviated by the user?
=+. Are menu labels self-explanatory within the context of the interface?
=+Are submenus consistent with the function implied by a master menu item?
=+Have appropriate conventions for command usage been established across a family of applications?
=+15.1. Describe the worst interface that you have ever worked with and critique it relative
=+to the concepts introduced in this chapter. Describe the best interface that you have ever worked with and critique it relative to the concepts introduced in this chapter.
=+15.2. Develop two additional design principles that "place the user in control."
=+15.3. Develop two additional design principles that "reduce the user's memory load."
=+15.4. Develop two additional design principles that "make the interface consistent."
=+15.5. Consider one of the following interactive applications (or an application assigned by your instructor):a. A desktop publishing systemb. A computer-aided design systemc. An interior design system (as described in Section 15.3.2)d. An automated course registration system for a university
=+e. A library management system 1. An Internet-based polling booth for public elections g. A home banking system h. An interactive application assigned by your instructor
=+Develop a user model, design model, mental model, and an implementation model, for any one of these systems.
=+15.6. Perform a detailed task analysis for any one of the systems listed in Problem 15.5. Use either an elaborative or object-oriented approach.
=+15.7. Add at least five additional questions to the list developed for content analysis in Sec-tion 15.3.3.
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