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Software Engineering Principles And Practice 3rd Edition Hans Vliet - Solutions
Explain the difference between the specialization--generalization relation and the whole--part relation.
Define the following terms: object, state, attribute, message, and inheritance.
Explain the following concepts from entity--relationship modeling: entity, entity type, attribute value, attribute, relationship.
To know the terminology of object orientation
To know about UML, the Unified Modeling Language, and its main diagram types
To know about various classic modeling techniques
~ What are the major uses of a requirements specification. In what ways do these different uses affect the style and contents of a requirements document?
Write a requirements specification for a hypertext browsing system.
~ As an analyst involved in the development of this hypertext browsing system, discuss possible stands in the subjectivist--objectivist and order--conflict dimensions. What are the arguments for and against these stands?
How would you go about determining the requirements for a hypertext-like browsing system for a technical library. Both users and staff of the library only have experience with keyword-based retrieval systems.
~ How would you test the requirements stated in the document from the previous exercise? Are the requirements testable to start with?
Take the requirements specification document from a project you have been involved in and assess it with respect to the requirements for such a document as listed in section 9.2 (unambiguity, completeness, etc.).
~ Which of the descriptive means mentioned in the previous exercise would you favor for describing the requirements of an office automation system?And which one for an elevator control system?
~ Discuss pros and cons of the following descriptive means for a requirements specification: full natural language, constrained natural language, a pictorial language like UML.
~ Refine the framework in figure 9.1 such that it reflects the situation in which we have to explicitly model both the current and the new work situation.
~ For an office information system, identify different types of stakeholders.Can you think of ways in which the requirements of these stakeholders might conflict?
~ What are major differences in the external environment of an office automation system and that of an embedded system, like an elevator control system. What impact will these differences have on the requirements elicitation techniques to be employed?
Draw up a requirements specification for a system whose development you have been involved with, following IEEE 830.Discuss the major differences between the original specification and the one you wrote.
List and discuss major drawbacks of using natural language for specifying requirements.
List and discuss the major quality requirements for a requirements document.
Why is requirements traceability important?
How does the presence of COTS components affect requirements engineering?
Why is the distinction between ‘Attractive’, ‘Must-be’ and ‘One-dimensional’categories of requirements in Kano’s model relevant?
What does MoSCoW stand for?
How can conflicting requirements be represented in viewpoints?
What is goal-oriented requirements engineering?
In which circumstances is ethnography a viable requirements elicitation technique?
Describe the requirements elicitation technique called scenario-based analysis.
Describe the requirements elicitation technique called task analysis.
In what sense are most requirements engineering techniques Taylorian in nature?
What is the difference between an implicit and an explicit conceptual model?
What is requirements elicitation?
What are the four major types of activity in requirements engineering?
To know various techniques and notations for specifying requirements
To be aware of the contents of a requirements specification document
To be able to distinguish a number of requirements elicitation techniques
To appreciate the role of social and cognitive issues in requirements engineering
To understand that requirements engineering is a cyclical process involving four types of activity: elicitation, specification, validation, and negotiation
~ Suppose you are the manager of a project that is getting seriously behind schedule. Your team is having severe problems with testing a particular subsystem. Your client is pressing you to deliver the system on time. How would you handle this situation? How would you handle the situation if you
~ Why is planning (i.e., the activity) more important than the plan (the document)?
~ Suppose one of your team members is dissatisfied with his situation. He has been involved in similar projects for several years now. You have assigned him these jobs because he was performing so well. Discuss possible actions to prevent this employee from leaving the organization.
Consider a project you have been involved in. Identify the major irregular, control, and goal variables for this project. In what ways did the control variables influence project control?
~ Discuss the pros and cons of a hierarchical as well as a matrix team organization for the patient planning project.
~ Consider the patient planning system mentioned in exercise 3.12. Suppose the project team consists of several analysts and two members from the hospital staff. The analysts have a lot of experience in the design of planning systems, though not for hospitals. As a manager of this team, which
Classify a project you have been involved in with respect to product certainty, process certainty, and resource certainty. Which of the archetypal situations sketched in section 8.2 best fits this project? In what ways did actual project control differ from that suggested for the situation
What is a PERT chart?
What is a work breakdown structure?
Rephrase the cost drivers of the COCOMO cost estimation model as risk factors.
How can risks be mitigated?
Is the waterfall approach suitable for an exploration-type problem? If so, why?
Is the waterfall approach suitable for a realization-type problem? If so, why?
List the conditions for effective systems control.
To know techniques for the day-to-day planning and control of software development projects
To understand how risks can be prevented from becoming problems
To be aware of typical project situations, and ways in which projects can be successfully dealt with in such situations
To appreciate looking at project control from a system point of view
~ Can you give an intuitive rationale for the values of the COCOMO 2 cost drivers (figure 7.11) that relate to project attributes?
~ Suppose you have a LOC-based cost estimation model available whose parameters are based on projects from your own organization that used COBOL as the implementation language. Can you use this model to estimate the cost of a project whose implementation language is Pascal? What if the model is
~ Suppose you are managing a project which is getting behind schedule.Possible actions include: renegotiating the time schedule, adding people to the project, and renegotiating quality requirements. In which ways can these actions shorten the time schedule? Can you think of other ways to finish the
How would you calibrate the COCOMO 2 model to fit software development in your organization?
Why should software cost models be recalibrated from time to time?
Suppose you are involved in a project which is estimated to take 100 manmonths. How would you estimate the nominal calendar time required for this project? Suppose the project is to be finished within six calendar months. Do you think such a schedule compression is feasible?
Why is it difficult to compare different cost estimation models?
How may early cost estimates influence the way in which a project is executed?
In which sense does Function Point Analysis (FPA) reflect the batch-oriented world of the 1970s?
Give a rationale for Brooks’ Law.
Discuss the major differences between COCOMO 2 and FPA.
Give a sketch of COCOMO 2.
Give a sketch of Function Point Analysis (FPA).
How may the Rayleigh-curve be related to software cost estimation?
What does the Walston--Felix model look like?
In which ways may political arguments influence cost estimates?
To understand techniques for relating effort to development time
To understand well-known techniques for estimating software cost and effort
To have insight in the factors that affect software development productivity
To appreciate the use of quantitative, objective approaches to software cost estimation
~ In 1988 and 1998, two surveys were conducted to assess the state of the art in software cost estimation in the Netherlands. One of the questions concerned the various stakeholders involved in developing a cost estimate.The resulting percentages were as follows:1988 1998 Management 48.9 75.8 Staff
~ Discuss differences between SPI approaches for large and small companies(see also (Conradi and Fuggetta, 2002)).
Write a critical essay on software maturity assessment, as exemplified by the Capability Maturity Model. The further reading section provides ample pointers to the literature on this topic.
Using the classification of the Capability Maturity Model, determine the maturity level that best fits your organization. Which steps would you propose to advance the organization to a higher maturity level? Are any actions being pursued to get from the current level to a more mature one?
One quality requirement often stated is that the system should be ‘userfriendly’. Discuss possible differences between the developer’s point of view and the user’s point of view in defining this notion. Think of alternative ways to define system usability in measurable terms.
Draw up a Quality Assurance Plan for a project you have been involved in.
~ Give a possible staffing for an SQA group, both for a small development organization (less than 25 people) and a large development organization(more than 100 people).
~ Define measurable properties of a software product that make up the quality criteria Modularity and Operability. Do these properties constitute an objective measure of these criteria? If not, in what ways is subjectivity introduced?
Consider a software development project you have been involved in. How was quality handled in this project? Were quality requirements defined at an early stage? Were these requirements defined such that they could be tested at a later stage?
Why is it important to quantify quality requirements?
What is the difference between the staged and continuous versions of CMMI?
What is the major difference between level 2 and level 3 of the Capability Maturity Model?
Describe the maturity levels of the Capability Maturity Model.
Why should project members get feedback on the use of quality data they submit to the Quality Assurance Group?
Why should the Software Quality Assurance organization be independent of the development organization?
What is the purpose of Software Quality Assurance?
Discuss the cornerstones of Total Quality Management.
Which quality viewpoint is stressed by ISO 9126?
Which of Garvin’s definitions of quality is mostly used by the software developer? And which one is mostly used by the user?
Discuss the transcendent view of software quality.
Which are the three categories of software quality factors distinguished by McCall?
What are the main differences between the user-based and product-based definitions of quality?
What is the main difference between an ordinal scale and an interval scale?And between an interval scale and a ratio scale?
Define the term representation condition. Why is it important that a measure satisfies the representation condition?
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