Suppose 16 people in various industries are contacted in 2020 and asked to rate business conditions on several factors. The ratings of each person are tallied into a “business optimism” score. The same people are contacted in 2021 and asked to do the same thing. The higher the score, the more optimistic the person is. Shown here are the 2020 and 2021 scores for the 16 people. Use a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test to determine whether people were less optimistic in 2021 than in 2020. Assume the underlying distributions are symmetrical and that α is 0.05.

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Industry 1 1234 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 April 2020 63.1 67.1 65.5 68.0 66.6 65.7 69.2 67.0 65.2 60.7 63.4 59.2 62.9 69.4 67.3 66.8 April 2021 57.4 66.4 61.8 65.3 63.5 66.4 64.9 65.2 65.1 62.2 60.3 57.4 58.2 65.3 67.2 64.1