a. Write equations to represent:

i. The 1st ionisation energy of caesium

ii. The 3rd ionisation energy of aluminium

iii. The enthalpy change of formation of calcium oxide

iv. The enthalpy change of formation of iron(III) chloride.

b. Calculate the lattice energy for sodium chloride, given that:

ΔH^Q_f[NaCl] = –411 kJ mol^–1

ΔH^Q_at[Na] = +107 kJ mol^–1

ΔH^Q_at[Cl] = +122 kJ mol^–1

ΔH^Q_il[Na] = +496 kJ mol^–1

ΔH^Q_eal[Cl] = –348 kJ mol^–1