(a) Thomson’s cathode–ray tube (Figure 2.4) and the mass spectrometer (Figure 2.11) both involve the use of electric or magnetic fields to deflect charged particles. What are the charged particles involved in each of these experiments?

(b) What are the labels on the axes of a mass spectrum?

(c) To measure the mass spectrum of an atom, the atom must first lose one or more electrons. 

Which would you expect to be deflected more by the same setting of the electric and magnetic fields, a Cl+ or a Cl2+ ion?